4348. proskomma

Strong's Lexicon

proskomma: Stumbling block, offense, obstacle

Original Word: προσκόμμα
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: proskomma
Pronunciation: pros'-kom-mah
Phonetic Spelling: (pros'-kom-mah)
Definition: Stumbling block, offense, obstacle
Meaning: a stumbling-block, an occasion for falling, a moral embarrassment.

Word Origin: From the Greek verb προσκόπτω (proskoptō), meaning "to strike against" or "to stumble."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The Hebrew equivalent often associated with the concept of a stumbling block is מִכְשׁוֹל (mikshol), Strong's Hebrew 4383, which also refers to an obstacle or hindrance.

Usage: The term "proskomma" is used in the New Testament to describe something that causes someone to stumble or fall, either physically or metaphorically. It often refers to an obstacle that hinders spiritual progress or causes someone to sin. In a broader sense, it can denote anything that leads to moral or spiritual failure.

Cultural and Historical Background: In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of stumbling was often used metaphorically to describe moral or ethical failure. The Jewish tradition also had a strong emphasis on avoiding actions that could cause others to stumble in their faith. The New Testament writers, particularly Paul, adopted this imagery to address issues within the early Christian communities, emphasizing the importance of not causing others to fall into sin through one's actions or teachings.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from proskoptó
Definition
a stumbling, an occasion of stumbling
NASB Translation
obstacle (1), offense (1), stumbling (3), stumbling block (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

STRONGS NT 4348: πρόσκομμα

πρόσκομμα, προσκόμματος, τό (προσκόπτω), a stumbling-block, i. e. an obstacle in the way which if one strike his foot against he necessarily stumbles or falls; tropically, that over which the soul stumbles, i. e. by which it is impelled to sin: 1 Corinthians 8:9 (Sir. 17:25 (20); (Sir. 34:16); Sir. 39:24); τιθέναι πρόσκομμα τίνι, to put a stumblingblock in someone's way, i. e. tropically, to furnish one an occasion for sinning, Romans 14:13 (WH marginal reading omits); ὁ διά προσκόμματος ἐσθίων (A. V.) who eateth with offence (see διά, A. I. 2), by making no discrimination as to what he eats occasions another to act against his conscience, Romans 14:20; λίθος προσκόμματος (from Isaiah 8:14 for נֶגֶף אֶבֶן), properly, a stone against which the foot strikes (A. V. stone of stumbling), used figuratively of Christ Jesus, with regard to whom it especially annoyed and offended the Jews that his words, deeds, career, and particularly his ignominious death on the cross, quite failed to correspond to their preconceptions respecting the Messiah; hence, they despised and rejected him, and by that crime brought upon themselves woe and punishment: Romans 9:32, 33; 1 Peter 2:8 (7). (In the Sept. for מוקֵשׁ, Exodus 23:33; Exodus 34:12; (cf. Judith 8:22). a sore or bruise caused by striking the foot against any object, Athen. 3, p. 97 f.; a hindrance (?), Plutarch, mor., p. 1048 c. (i. e. de Stoic. repugn. 30, 8 at the end).)

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

offense, stumbling block

From proskopto; a stub, i.e. (figuratively) occasion of apostasy -- offence, stumbling(-block, (-stone)).

see GREEK proskopto

Forms and Transliterations

προσκομμα πρόσκομμα πρόσκομμά προσκόμμασιν προσκόμματι προσκομματος προσκόμματος proskomma próskomma proskommatos proskómmatos

Englishman's Concordance

Romans 9:32 N-GNS
GRK: λίθῳ τοῦ προσκόμματος
NAS: They stumbled over the stumbling stone,
INT: stone of stumbling

Romans 9:33 N-GNS
GRK: Σιὼν λίθον προσκόμματος καὶ πέτραν
NAS: A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK
INT: Zion a stone of stumbling and rock

Romans 14:13 N-ANS
GRK: μὴ τιθέναι πρόσκομμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ
NAS: not to put an obstacle or
KJV: put a stumblingblock or
INT: not to put a stumbling block to the brother

Romans 14:20 N-GNS
GRK: τῷ διὰ προσκόμματος ἐσθίοντι
NAS: who eats and gives offense.
KJV: who eateth with offence.
INT: who through stumbling eats

1 Corinthians 8:9 N-NNS
GRK: ὑμῶν αὕτη πρόσκομμα γένηται τοῖς
NAS: become a stumbling block to the weak.
KJV: become a stumblingblock to them that are weak.
INT: of you this an occasion of stumbling become to those

1 Peter 2:8 N-GNS
GRK: καὶ λίθος προσκόμματος καὶ πέτρα
NAS: and, A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK
KJV: And a stone of stumbling, and a rock
INT: and a stone of stumbling and a rock

Strong's Greek 4348
6 Occurrences

πρόσκομμα — 2 Occ.
προσκόμματος — 4 Occ.