Lexical Summary mishkan: tabernacle, dwelling places, dwellings Original Word: מִשְׁכָּן Strong's Exhaustive Concordance dwelling place, habitation, tabernacle, tent From shakan; a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the Temple); specifically, the Tabernacle (properly, its wooden walls) -- dwelleth, dwelling (place), habitation, tabernacle, tent. see HEBREW shakan NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom shakan Definition dwelling place, tabernacle NASB Translation dwelling (1), dwelling place (8), dwelling places (9), dwellings (9), resting place (1), tabernacle (109), tents (1), where...dwells (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs מִשְׁכָּן noun masculine Exodus 26:6 dwelling-place, 'tabernacle'; — ׳מ Exodus 25:9 +; construct מִשְׁכַּן Exodus 38:21 +, etc.; plural construct מִשְׁכְּנֵי Ex 46:6 (ᵐ5 Bae Du מִשְׁכָּנוֺ, < ׳מִשְׁכַּן י); suffix מִשְׁכְּנֵיהֶם Ezekiel 25:4 (< משׁכנתיהם, "" טִירוֺתֵיהֶם), מִשְׁכָּנוֺת Habakkuk 1:6; Psalm 132:5; construct מִשׁכְּנוֺת Psalm 87:2 +, etc.; — 1 dwelling-place: מִשְׁכַּןקֹֿרַח דָּתָן וַאֲבִירָם; Numbers 16:24,27 (P) [but here originally ׳מִשְׁכַּן י; see Commentaries]; in poetry = tomb, Isaiah 22:16. 2 elsewhere in singular always of abode of ׳י: a. in General, of temple, ׳קְדשׁ מ Isaiah 46:5; מִשְׁכַּן כְּבוֺדֶ֑ךָ Isaiah 26:8; שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ׳מ Isa 74:7. b. מִשְׁכַּן שִׁלוֺ Isa 78:60. c. ׳הַמּ in P, of ׳יs 'dwelling' (Exodus 25:9 RVm; rendered conventionally 'tabernacle'), of planks lined with vari-coloured tapestry, with a 'tent' (אֹהֶל) over it, filled with ׳כְּבוֺד י Exodus 40:34,35; over it cloud שׁכן Numbers 9:18,22 (during the wanderings); its plan given by ׳י Exodus 25:9; Exodus 26:30; distinguished from אֹהֶל מוֺעֵד the 'tent' over it (compare אֹהֶל 3), Exodus 26:7,12,13; Exodus 36:14; Exodus 40:19; ׳מִשְׁכַּן י Leviticus 17:4 (H), Numbers 16:9; Numbers 17:28; Numbers 19:13; Numbers 31:30,47; Joshua 22:19 (see also 1), 1 Chronicles 16:39; 1 Chronicles 21:29; 2Chronicles 1:5; 29:6; הָעֵדֻת ׳מ Exodus 38:21; Numbers 1:50,53 (twice in verse); Numbers 10:11; אהל מועד ׳מ Exodus 39:32; Exodus 40:2,6,29; 1 Chronicles 6:17, מִשְׁכַּן בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים v.1 Chronicles 6:23, compare נָשָׂא אֶתהַֿמִּשְׁכָּן 1 Chronicles 23:26; compare מִשְׁכָּן (probably gloss on אהל), 2 Samuel 7:6 "" 1 Chronicles 17:5, + 76 t. P. 3 plural מִשְׁכָּנוֺת, dwellings (only in poetry): a. of Israel, Numbers 24:5 (poem; "" אהלים), Jeremiah 30:18; Isaiah 54:2 4t.; of other nations Jeremiah 51:30; Habakkuk 1:6, compare Ezekiel 25:4 (see above); עַוָּל ׳מ Job 18:21; רשׁעים ׳מ Job 21:28; of wild ass Job 39:6("" בית); shepherds Songs 1:8; = tomb Psalm 49:12 (compare 1). b. God's abode in Zion Ezekiel 37:27; Psalm 132:5; Psalm 132:7, compare Psalm 43:3; Psalm 84:2 ("" ׳חַצְרוֺת י). [שְׁכֵן compare ᵑ7] verb dwell (Biblical Hebrew שָׁכַן, מִשְׁכָּן); — Pe`al Imperfect3feminine plural יִשְׁכְּנָן Daniel 4:18 dwell, of birds, ב location Pa`el causative: Perfect3masculine singular שַׁכִּן שְׁמֵהּתַּמָּה Ezra 6:12, of God, cause his name to dwell there. Topical Lexicon Overviewמִשְׁכָּן (mishkan) is the principal Old Testament term for the Tabernacle—the portable sanctuary that mediated the presence of God among the tribes of Israel from Sinai until the construction of Solomon’s Temple. Occurring about 139 times, the word is concentrated in Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Joshua, with additional appearances in historical, poetic, and prophetic books. Scripture consistently presents the Mishkan as both the literal dwelling place of Yahweh and a typological foreshadowing of the fuller revelation of His presence in Jesus Christ and in the gathered church. Primary Pentateuchal Usage: The Mobile Sanctuary Exodus 25–40 provides the fullest treatment. After the giving of the covenant, God commands, “And they are to make a sanctuary for Me, so that I may dwell among them” (Exodus 25:8). The term mishkan is intertwined with the covenantal promise of divine indwelling. Its repeated coupling with אָהֶל (ohel, tent) underscores two complementary truths: the sanctity of the structure and its mobility. In Leviticus the word frames the priestly ministry: “So Moses and Aaron went into the Tent of Meeting, and when they came out, they blessed the people, and the glory of the LORD appeared to all the people” (Leviticus 9:23). Numbers narrates its centrality to camp order (Numbers 2:2, 17) and to the daily rhythm of Israel’s sojourn: cloud by day, fire by night (Numbers 9:15-23). Thus the Mishkan is the heart of Israel’s worship, governance, and guidance. Structure and Furnishings The Mishkan comprised: Every detail—materials, measurements, colors—was revealed by God “according to the pattern” (Exodus 25:9, 40). Precious metals and priestly vestments proclaimed divine glory, while woven goats’ hair and acacia wood affirmed accessibility in the wilderness context. Historical Journey of the Mishkan After Sinai, the Tabernacle traveled through the wilderness (Numbers 10:17, 21), crossed the Jordan (Joshua 3:14-17) and was set up at Gilgal (Joshua 4:19). It remained at Shiloh for generations (Joshua 18:1; 1 Samuel 1:3), moved to Nob (1 Samuel 21:1-6), and later to Gibeon where Solomon worshiped before the Temple was built (1 Chronicles 16:39; 2 Chronicles 1:3-6). Its relocation history shows both continuity of worship and anticipation of a permanent house. Worship and Ministry Function 1. Sacrificial Atonement: At the altar “a continual burnt offering” (Exodus 29:42) reconciled Israel to God. Prophetic and Poetic Echoes The prophets employ mishkan imagery to promise restored fellowship. “My dwelling place will be with them; I will be their God, and they will be My people” (Ezekiel 37:27). The Psalms turn the historical sanctuary into devotional longing: “How lovely is Your dwelling place, O LORD of Hosts!” (Psalm 84:1). These references transfer the Tabernacle’s hope from canvas and poles to eschatological reality. Typological and Theological Significance 1. Incarnation: “The Word became flesh and tabernacled among us” (John 1:14, literal), echoing mishkan language and asserting that Jesus embodies the divine presence once carried in the desert. Contemporary Relevance Understanding mishkan enriches Christian worship by illuminating God’s desire to dwell with His people, the cost of mediated access, and the call to holiness. It urges believers to approach with reverent boldness, assured that the once-temporary sanctuary finds its fulfillment in the crucified and risen Christ and in the gathered body that bears His name. Forms and Transliterations הַ֨מִּשְׁכָּ֔ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֤ן הַמִּשְׁכָּ֥ן הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן׃ הַמִּשְׁכָּן֒ הַמִּשְׁכָּן֙ המשכן המשכן׃ וּֽבְמִשְׁכְּנוֹת֙ וּֽמִשְׁכְּנוֹתָ֥יו וּבְמִשְׁכָּֽן׃ וּמִמִּשְׁכָּֽן׃ וּמִשְׁכְּנֹתָ֖יו וּמִשְׁכַּ֣ן ובמשכן׃ ובמשכנות וממשכן׃ ומשכן ומשכנותיו ומשכנתיו לְמִשְׁכְּנֹתָֽיו׃ לְמִשְׁכְּנוֹתָ֑יו לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ן לְמִשְׁכַּן־ לַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן לַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן לַמִּשְׁכָּ֣ן לַמִּשְׁכָּ֧ן לַמִּשְׁכָּֽן׃ למשכן למשכן־ למשכן׃ למשכנותיו למשכנתיו׃ מִ֝שְׁכָּנ֗וֹת מִ֭שְׁכְּנֹתָם מִֽשְׁכַּן־ מִמִּשְׁכַּ֥ן מִשְׁכְּנ֣וֹת מִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹת מִשְׁכְּנ֬וֹת מִשְׁכְּנֵ֥י מִשְׁכְּנֵיהֶ֑ם מִשְׁכְּנֹתֶ֖יהָ מִשְׁכְּנֹתֶ֖יךָ מִשְׁכְּנוֹתֵֽינוּ׃ מִשְׁכְּנוֹתֶ֗יךָ מִשְׁכְּנוֹתֶֽיךָ׃ מִשְׁכְּנוֹתַ֛יִךְ מִשְׁכַּ֖ן מִשְׁכַּ֣ן מִשְׁכַּ֤ן מִשְׁכַּ֥ן מִשְׁכַּ֨ן מִשְׁכַּן־ מִשְׁכָּ֥ן מִשְׁכָּנ֥וֹת מִשְׁכָּנִ֖י מִשְׁכָּנִי֙ מִשְׁכָּנֽוֹ׃ ממשכן משכן משכן־ משכנו׃ משכנות משכנותיך משכנותיך׃ משכנותינו׃ משכני משכניהם משכנתיה משכנתיך משכנתם ham·miš·kān hammishKan hammiškān lam·miš·kān lammishKan lammiškān lə·miš·kan lə·miš·kan- lə·miš·kə·nō·ṯāw lə·miš·kə·nō·w·ṯāw lemishKan lemishkenoTav ləmiškan ləmiškan- ləmiškənōṯāw ləmiškənōwṯāw mim·miš·kan mimishKan mimmiškan miš·kā·nî miš·kā·nō·wṯ miš·kā·nōw miš·kan miš·kān miš·kan- miš·kə·nê miš·kə·nê·hem miš·kə·nō·ṯām miš·kə·nō·ṯe·hā miš·kə·nō·ṯe·ḵā miš·kə·nō·w·ṯa·yiḵ miš·kə·nō·w·ṯe·ḵā miš·kə·nō·w·ṯê·nū miš·kə·nō·wṯ mishKan mishkaNi mishkaNo mishkaNot mishkeNei mishkeneiHem mishkeNot mishkenoTayich mishkenoTeicha mishkenoTeiha mishkenoTeinu Mishkenotom miškan miškān miškan- miškānî miškānōw miškānōwṯ miškənê miškənêhem miškənōṯām miškənōṯehā miškənōṯeḵā miškənōwṯ miškənōwṯayiḵ miškənōwṯeḵā miškənōwṯênū ū·ḇə·miš·kān ū·ḇə·miš·kə·nō·wṯ ū·mim·miš·kān ū·miš·kan ū·miš·kə·nō·ṯāw ū·miš·kə·nō·w·ṯāw ūḇəmiškān ūḇəmiškənōwṯ umimishKan ūmimmiškān umishKan umishkenoTav ūmiškan ūmiškənōṯāw ūmiškənōwṯāw uvemishKan uvemishkenOtLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Exodus 25:9 HEB: אֵ֚ת תַּבְנִ֣ית הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת תַּבְנִ֣ית NAS: you, [as] the pattern of the tabernacle and the pattern KJV: thee, [after] the pattern of the tabernacle, and the pattern INT: to show you the pattern of the tabernacle and the pattern of all Exodus 26:1 Exodus 26:6 Exodus 26:7 Exodus 26:12 Exodus 26:13 Exodus 26:15 Exodus 26:17 Exodus 26:18 Exodus 26:20 Exodus 26:22 Exodus 26:23 Exodus 26:26 Exodus 26:27 Exodus 26:27 Exodus 26:30 Exodus 26:35 Exodus 27:9 Exodus 27:19 Exodus 35:11 Exodus 35:15 Exodus 35:18 Exodus 36:8 Exodus 36:13 Exodus 36:14 139 Occurrences |
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