Psalm 18:40
New International Version
You made my enemies turn their backs in flight, and I destroyed my foes.

New Living Translation
You placed my foot on their necks. I have destroyed all who hated me.

English Standard Version
You made my enemies turn their backs to me, and those who hated me I destroyed.

Berean Standard Bible
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.

King James Bible
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies; that I might destroy them that hate me.

New King James Version
You have also given me the necks of my enemies, So that I destroyed those who hated me.

New American Standard Bible
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, And I destroyed those who hated me.

NASB 1995
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, And I destroyed those who hated me.

NASB 1977
Thou hast also made my enemies turn their backs to me, And I destroyed those who hated me.

Legacy Standard Bible
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, And I destroyed those who hated me.

Amplified Bible
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me [in defeat], And I silenced and destroyed those who hated me.

Christian Standard Bible
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I annihilate those who hate me.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I annihilate those who hate me.

American Standard Version
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, That I might cut off them that hate me.

Contemporary English Version
You made my enemies run, and I killed them.

English Revised Version
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, that I might cut off them that hate me.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
You made my enemies turn their backs to me, and I destroyed those who hated me.

Good News Translation
You make my enemies run from me; I destroy those who hate me.

International Standard Version
You have made my enemies turn their back to me, and I will destroy those who hate me.

Majority Standard Bible
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.

NET Bible
You make my enemies retreat; I destroy those who hate me.

New Heart English Bible
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, that I might cut off those who hate me.

Webster's Bible Translation
Thou hast also given me the necks of my enemies; that I might destroy them that hate me.

World English Bible
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, that I might cut off those who hate me.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
As for my enemies—You have given to me the neck, "" As for those hating me—I cut them off.

Young's Literal Translation
As to mine enemies -- Thou hast given to me the neck, As to those hating me -- I cut them off.

Smith's Literal Translation
Mine enemies thou gavest the back of the neck to me, and I shall destroy those hating me.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And thou hast made my enemies turn their back upon me, and hast destroyed them that hated me.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And you have given the back of my enemies to me, and you have destroyed those who hated me.

New American Bible
You made my foes expose their necks to me; those who hated me I silenced.

New Revised Standard Version
You made my enemies turn their backs to me, and those who hated me I destroyed.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Thou hast also defeated my enemies before me, that I might silence them that hate me.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And you will break my enemies in front of me and I shall silence those who hate me.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, And I did cut off them that hate me.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And thou has made mine enemies turn their backs before me; and thou hast destroyed them that hated me.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The LORD is My Rock
39You have armed me with strength for battle; You have subdued my foes beneath me. 40You have made my enemies retreat before me; I put an end to those who hated me. 41They cried for help, but there was no one to save them—to the LORD, but He did not answer.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 7:24
He will hand their kings over to you, and you will wipe out their names from under heaven. No one will be able to stand against you; you will annihilate them.

Joshua 10:24-25
When they had brought the kings to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks. / “Do not be afraid or discouraged,” Joshua said. “Be strong and courageous, for the LORD will do this to all the enemies you fight.”

2 Samuel 22:41
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.

Exodus 23:27
I will send My terror ahead of you and throw into confusion every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn and run.

Deuteronomy 9:3
But understand that today the LORD your God goes across ahead of you as a consuming fire; He will destroy them and subdue them before you. And you will drive them out and annihilate them swiftly, as the LORD has promised you.

Isaiah 41:2
Who has aroused one from the east and called him to his feet in righteousness? He hands nations over to him and subdues kings before him. He turns them to dust with his sword, to windblown chaff with his bow.

Isaiah 45:1
This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut:

1 Samuel 17:46
This day the LORD will deliver you into my hand. This day I will strike you down, cut off your head, and give the carcasses of the Philistine army to the birds of the air and the creatures of the earth. Then the whole world will know that there is a God in Israel.

1 Kings 5:3
“As you are well aware, due to the wars waged on all sides against my father David, he could not build a house for the Name of the LORD his God until the LORD had put his enemies under his feet.

2 Chronicles 20:29
And the fear of God came upon all the kingdoms of the lands when they heard that the LORD had fought against the enemies of Israel.

Romans 16:20
The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

1 Corinthians 15:25
For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.

Hebrews 10:13
Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,

Philippians 2:10
that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth,

Ephesians 1:22
And God put everything under His feet and made Him head over everything for the church,


Treasury of Scripture

You have also given me the necks of my enemies; that I might destroy them that hate me.

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Psalm 18
1. David praises God for his manifold and marvelous blessings














You have made my enemies retreat before me; I put an end to those who hated me
You have made
This phrase acknowledges the divine intervention and sovereignty of God in the life of the psalmist. The Hebrew root here is "נתן" (natan), meaning "to give" or "to place." It emphasizes that the victory and success experienced by the psalmist are not of his own doing but are gifts from God. This reflects a deep trust in God's providence and power, a common theme throughout the Psalms, where God is seen as the ultimate source of strength and deliverance.

my enemies
The term "enemies" in Hebrew is "אויב" (oyev), which refers to adversaries or those who oppose. In the historical context of King David, who is traditionally credited with writing this psalm, enemies could refer to literal military foes or those who opposed him politically or personally. Spiritually, this can also be understood as the forces of evil or sin that believers face. The psalmist's confidence in God's ability to subdue these enemies is a testament to his faith in God's justice and protection.

retreat before me
The imagery of enemies retreating suggests a battlefield scenario where the psalmist, empowered by God, sees his adversaries fleeing. The Hebrew word "ערף" (araf) can mean "to turn back" or "to retreat." This phrase highlights the victory and authority granted by God, reinforcing the idea that God fights on behalf of His people. It serves as an encouragement to believers that with God, they can overcome any opposition.

I put an end to
This phrase indicates a decisive victory. The Hebrew root "צמת" (tzamat) means "to destroy" or "to bring to an end." It suggests a complete and final triumph over the enemies. In a broader spiritual sense, it can be seen as the ultimate victory over sin and death that believers have through Christ. This reflects the hope and assurance that God will ultimately prevail over all forms of evil.

those who hated me
The word "hated" comes from the Hebrew "שנא" (sane), which means "to hate" or "to be hostile towards." This phrase acknowledges the reality of opposition and animosity that the psalmist faced. Historically, David faced many who sought his downfall, yet he attributes his deliverance to God. For believers, this serves as a reminder that despite the hatred or opposition they may encounter, God's love and protection are greater.

(40) Thou hast also given.--Literally, and as to mine enemies, thou gavest to me the back, which either means "turned to flight so that only their backs were visible" (Jeremiah 18:17 and Psalm 21:12), or alludes to the common symbolism of defeat--trampling on an enemy's neck.

Verse 40. - Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies; i.e. "thou hast made them turn their backs upon me in flight" (comp. Exodus 23:27, where the same expression is used). That I might destroy them that hate me. David must not be supposed to speak from personal animosity. He expresses himself as the king of God's people, bound to do his utmost to protect them, and to deliver them from the enemies who "hate" him only because he is the leader and champion of his countrymen. The neighbouring nations in David's time seem to have been bent on the total extirpation of the Hebrew people.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
You have made
נָתַ֣תָּה (nā·ṯat·tāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

my enemies
וְֽאֹיְבַ֗י (wə·’ō·yə·ḇay)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary

retreat
עֹ֑רֶף (‘ō·rep̄)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6203: The nape, back of the neck, the back

before me;
לִּ֣י (lî)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's Hebrew

I put an end
אַצְמִיתֵֽם׃ (’aṣ·mî·ṯêm)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine plural
Strong's 6789: To put an end to, exterminate

to those who hated me.
וּ֝מְשַׂנְאַ֗י (ū·mə·śan·’ay)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Strong's 8130: To hate


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OT Poetry: Psalm 18:40 You have also made my enemies turn (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 18:39
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