Then Joseph could no longer control himself before all his attendants
Joseph, having risen to a position of power in Egypt, is surrounded by attendants, highlighting his authority and the respect he commands. His inability to control his emotions signifies the deep personal conflict and emotional burden he has carried since being sold into slavery by his brothers. This moment is a culmination of years of separation and hidden identity. The tension between his Egyptian identity and his Hebrew roots reaches a breaking point, reflecting the human struggle between forgiveness and justice.

and he cried out, “Send everyone away from me!”
Joseph's command to send everyone away underscores the private and personal nature of the revelation he is about to make. It also reflects the cultural norms of maintaining dignity and privacy in personal matters, especially those involving family. This act of clearing the room ensures that the moment of reconciliation is intimate and free from the eyes of outsiders, which is significant in a culture that values family honor and privacy.

So none of them were with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers
The absence of others during Joseph's revelation to his brothers emphasizes the personal and familial nature of the encounter. This moment of self-disclosure is pivotal, as Joseph reveals his true identity to those who wronged him. It is a powerful act of vulnerability and forgiveness, prefiguring the ultimate reconciliation and redemption themes found throughout Scripture. Joseph's actions can be seen as a type of Christ, who reveals Himself to those who have sinned against Him, offering forgiveness and restoration. This private revelation also highlights the theme of God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises, as Joseph's dreams from Genesis 37 are realized in this moment of familial reconciliation.

But he wept so loudly
Joseph's weeping is a profound expression of emotion, reflecting the deep reconciliation and forgiveness he extends to his brothers. This moment is significant as it marks the culmination of Joseph's journey from betrayal to restoration. His tears symbolize the release of years of pent-up emotion and the fulfillment of God's providential plan. In biblical narratives, weeping often accompanies moments of significant emotional or spiritual revelation, as seen in other instances such as Jesus weeping over Jerusalem (Luke 19:41).

that the Egyptians heard him
The Egyptians' awareness of Joseph's weeping underscores the intensity of his emotions. Joseph, though a Hebrew, holds a high position in Egypt, and his actions are closely observed by those around him. This public display of emotion would have been unusual in the Egyptian court, where restraint and decorum were typically valued. The Egyptians' hearing of Joseph's weeping highlights the cultural differences between the Hebrews and Egyptians and sets the stage for the broader reconciliation between Joseph's family and the Egyptian nation.

and Pharaoh’s household soon heard of it
The mention of Pharaoh's household indicates the significance of the event. Joseph's position as second-in-command to Pharaoh means that his actions and emotions have implications for the entire nation. The news reaching Pharaoh's household suggests the interconnectedness of Joseph's personal and public life. This moment foreshadows the eventual migration of Jacob's family to Egypt, which is a pivotal event in the history of Israel. It also reflects the theme of God's sovereignty in using Joseph's position to preserve His chosen people, aligning with the broader narrative of God's covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph!”
This moment is the climax of Joseph's story, where he reveals his identity to his brothers. Joseph, once sold into slavery by these same brothers, has risen to a position of power in Egypt. This revelation is a turning point, highlighting themes of forgiveness and reconciliation. Joseph's declaration is a fulfillment of the dreams he had as a young man (Genesis 37:5-11), where his brothers would bow to him. This moment also prefigures Christ, who reveals Himself to His brethren, the Jews, and ultimately to the world.

Is my father still alive?”
Joseph's inquiry about his father, Jacob, underscores the deep familial bonds and his longing for reconciliation with his family. Despite his brothers' betrayal, Joseph's concern for his father shows his forgiving nature. This question also reflects the importance of family lineage and heritage in the biblical narrative, as Jacob is a patriarch in the line of Abraham, through whom God's covenant promises are fulfilled.

But they were unable to answer him,
The brothers' inability to respond indicates their shock and fear. They are confronted with the reality of their past sins and the power Joseph now holds. This moment of silence can be seen as a time of reflection and realization of the consequences of their actions. It parallels the human response to divine revelation, where individuals are often left speechless in the presence of God's truth and justice.

because they were terrified in his presence.
The brothers' terror is a natural reaction to the unexpected revelation and the potential for retribution. Joseph, as a type of Christ, embodies both judgment and mercy. This fear can be likened to the fear of the Lord, which is the beginning of wisdom (Proverbs 9:10). It also foreshadows the fear and awe that will accompany the final revelation of Christ to the world, where He will be recognized as Lord and King.

Then Joseph said to his brothers,
Joseph, now a powerful figure in Egypt, reveals himself to his brothers. This moment is pivotal, as it marks the climax of a narrative that began with Joseph's dreams and his brothers' jealousy. Joseph's authority in Egypt contrasts with his earlier position as a victim of his brothers' betrayal. This phrase highlights the theme of reconciliation and forgiveness, which is central to Joseph's story.

“Please come near me.”
Joseph's invitation for his brothers to come near is significant. In ancient Near Eastern culture, physical proximity often indicated trust and reconciliation. Joseph's request shows his desire to bridge the gap created by years of separation and animosity. It also reflects his forgiving nature, as he seeks to restore the familial bond.

And they did so.
The brothers' compliance indicates their willingness to engage with Joseph, despite their fear and guilt. This action suggests a turning point in their relationship, as they move from estrangement to reconciliation. It also demonstrates their submission to Joseph's authority, acknowledging the change in their dynamic.

“I am Joseph, your brother,” he said,
Joseph's self-identification is a moment of revelation and recognition. It fulfills the dreams he had as a young man, where his brothers bowed to him. This statement is a reminder of God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His plans, despite human actions. Joseph's emphasis on being their brother underscores the familial bond that remains, despite past wrongs.

“the one you sold into Egypt!”
This phrase directly addresses the brothers' past sin, bringing it into the open. It serves as a reminder of their betrayal and the consequences of their actions. However, Joseph's tone is not accusatory but factual, setting the stage for forgiveness. This acknowledgment of past wrongs is crucial for genuine reconciliation. It also foreshadows the redemptive work of Christ, who, like Joseph, was betrayed but used that betrayal for a greater purpose.

And now, do not be distressed or angry with yourselves
Joseph addresses his brothers with compassion, urging them not to harbor guilt or anger over their past actions. This reflects a theme of forgiveness and reconciliation, which is central to the narrative. Joseph's ability to forgive is a precursor to the New Testament teachings on forgiveness, such as in Matthew 6:14-15. His response also highlights the transformative power of God's grace, which can turn human wrongdoing into a greater good.

that you sold me into this place
Joseph acknowledges the brothers' betrayal, referring to the event when they sold him into slavery (Genesis 37:28). This phrase underscores the reality of human sin and its consequences. The "place" refers to Egypt, a land that becomes both a place of suffering and a place of salvation. This duality is seen throughout the Bible, where God uses difficult circumstances to fulfill His purposes, as seen in Romans 8:28.

because it was to save lives that God sent me before you
Joseph reveals the divine purpose behind his suffering, emphasizing God's sovereignty and providence. This statement is a key moment of revelation, showing that God orchestrated events to preserve the family of Israel during a severe famine. It prefigures the role of Jesus Christ, who was sent to save humanity (John 3:17). Joseph's life is a type of Christ, as both were rejected by their own but ultimately became saviors. This phrase also connects to the broader biblical theme of God's redemptive plan, as seen in the story of Esther and the deliverance of the Jews.

For the famine has covered the land these two years
This phrase indicates the severity and duration of the famine affecting Egypt and the surrounding regions. The famine is part of a divine plan revealed to Joseph through Pharaoh's dreams (Genesis 41:25-32). The two years mentioned here highlight the ongoing nature of the crisis, emphasizing the need for Joseph's strategic planning and God's providence. The famine's impact extends beyond Egypt, affecting Canaan and prompting Joseph's brothers to seek grain in Egypt, fulfilling God's purpose of reuniting Joseph with his family.

and there will be five more years
This prophecy underscores the total duration of the famine as seven years, a number often associated with completeness in the Bible. Joseph's ability to predict the future famine years demonstrates his God-given wisdom and the fulfillment of God's plan. The additional five years emphasize the need for continued reliance on God's provision and Joseph's leadership. This period of famine serves as a backdrop for the reconciliation and preservation of Jacob's family, which is crucial for the unfolding of God's covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

without plowing or harvesting
The absence of plowing or harvesting indicates the severity of the famine, as agricultural activities are halted. This situation reflects the dependence of ancient societies on agriculture and the vulnerability to natural disasters. The lack of food production would have led to widespread scarcity and hardship, highlighting the importance of Joseph's foresight in storing grain during the years of abundance. This phrase also foreshadows the Israelites' future reliance on God's provision, as seen in the wilderness wanderings where God provided manna (Exodus 16). The famine narrative serves as a type of Christ, who provides spiritual sustenance and salvation in times of spiritual famine.

God sent me before you
This phrase highlights the divine orchestration in Joseph's journey to Egypt. Despite the malicious intent of his brothers, God had a sovereign plan. This reflects the biblical theme of God's providence, where He uses human actions, even those meant for harm, to fulfill His purposes (Genesis 50:20). Joseph's role as a forerunner is a type of Christ, who was sent ahead to prepare the way for salvation (John 1:29-30).

to preserve you as a remnant on the earth
The concept of a "remnant" is significant throughout Scripture, often referring to a small, faithful group preserved by God during times of judgment or calamity (Isaiah 10:20-22). Here, Joseph's position in Egypt ensures the survival of Jacob's family during the famine, preserving the lineage through which the Messiah would come. This preservation is a testament to God's covenantal faithfulness to Abraham's descendants (Genesis 12:1-3).

and to save your lives
Joseph's role in saving his family from famine is a direct act of deliverance, prefiguring the ultimate salvation offered through Jesus Christ. Just as Joseph provided physical sustenance, Christ offers spiritual salvation (John 6:35). This deliverance also underscores the theme of redemption, where God rescues His people from peril.

by a great deliverance
The "great deliverance" refers to the extraordinary means by which God saved Jacob's family, ensuring the continuation of His covenant promises. This deliverance is not only physical but also spiritual, as it sets the stage for the eventual formation of the nation of Israel. It parallels the future deliverance of Israel from Egypt during the Exodus, another pivotal moment of salvation history (Exodus 14:30-31).

Therefore it was not you who sent me here, but God
Joseph's statement reflects a profound understanding of divine sovereignty and providence. Despite his brothers' malicious intent in selling him into slavery, Joseph recognizes that God orchestrated these events for a greater purpose. This echoes the biblical theme that God can use human actions, even those meant for harm, to fulfill His divine plan (Genesis 50:20). It also parallels Romans 8:28, which assures believers that God works all things for the good of those who love Him.

who has made me a father to Pharaoh
The term "father" here signifies a position of high authority and influence. In ancient Egyptian culture, a "father" to the Pharaoh would be a trusted advisor or vizier, someone who provides guidance and counsel. This role is significant, as it indicates Joseph's rise from a Hebrew slave to a position of immense power, second only to Pharaoh himself. This transformation prefigures Christ, who, though rejected by His own, is exalted to the right hand of God (Philippians 2:9-11).

lord of all his household
Joseph's authority over Pharaoh's household signifies his control over the royal affairs and the administration of Egypt. This position of stewardship is reminiscent of his earlier role in Potiphar's house, where he was entrusted with all that Potiphar owned (Genesis 39:4-6). It highlights Joseph's integrity and capability, qualities that are rewarded by God. This stewardship can be seen as a type of Christ, who is the head of the Church, His household (Ephesians 1:22-23).

and ruler over all the land of Egypt
Joseph's governance over Egypt during a time of famine is a testament to God's provision and wisdom. His strategic planning and management not only save Egypt but also preserve his own family, ensuring the survival of the Israelites. This role as a savior of nations foreshadows Jesus Christ, who provides spiritual sustenance and salvation to all who come to Him (John 6:35). Joseph's story is a powerful reminder of God's faithfulness and the fulfillment of His promises, as seen in the covenant with Abraham regarding his descendants (Genesis 12:2-3).

Now return quickly to my father
Joseph instructs his brothers to return to their father, Jacob, with urgency. This reflects Joseph's deep concern for his father’s well-being and the importance of reuniting the family. The urgency also highlights the dire situation of the famine in Canaan, emphasizing the need for immediate action. The familial bond and respect for the patriarch are central themes in the narrative of Genesis.

and tell him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says:
Joseph identifies himself as Jacob's son, re-establishing his identity and position within the family. This is significant because Jacob believed Joseph to be dead. The revelation of Joseph's survival and success is a pivotal moment in the narrative, fulfilling earlier dreams and prophecies about Joseph's rise to prominence (Genesis 37:5-11).

God has made me lord of all Egypt.
Joseph attributes his rise to power to God, acknowledging divine providence in his journey from slavery to leadership. This reflects the biblical theme of God's sovereignty and faithfulness in fulfilling His promises. Joseph's position as "lord of all Egypt" foreshadows the role of Christ as Lord over all creation, serving as a type of Christ who provides salvation and sustenance.

Come down to me without delay.
Joseph invites his family to come to Egypt, ensuring their survival during the famine. This invitation is not only practical but also symbolic of God's provision and protection. The move to Egypt sets the stage for the future enslavement and eventual Exodus, a foundational event in Israel's history. The phrase "without delay" underscores the urgency and necessity of trusting in God's plan for deliverance.

You shall settle in the land of Goshen
Goshen is a fertile region in the eastern part of the Nile Delta in Egypt. It was well-suited for grazing and agriculture, making it an ideal place for Jacob's family, who were shepherds. This area provided the Israelites with the resources they needed to thrive during the famine. Theologically, Goshen represents a place of provision and protection, as God orchestrated events to bring Jacob's family to a place where they could grow into a great nation. This settlement also foreshadows the eventual Exodus, as Goshen becomes the starting point for their journey back to the Promised Land.

and be near me
Joseph's desire for his family to be near him highlights the restoration of familial relationships and the importance of unity. This closeness allowed Joseph to provide for them during the famine and ensured their safety. It also reflects the biblical theme of reconciliation, as Joseph forgave his brothers for their past wrongs. This nearness can be seen as a type of Christ, who desires closeness with His followers and offers forgiveness and reconciliation.

you and your children and grandchildren
The mention of multiple generations emphasizes the continuity of God's covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It underscores the importance of family and the transmission of faith and blessings through generations. This generational aspect is a recurring theme in Scripture, where God's promises and covenants are often extended to descendants, highlighting the enduring nature of His faithfulness.

your flocks and herds
The inclusion of flocks and herds indicates the wealth and livelihood of Jacob's family. In ancient Near Eastern culture, livestock was a primary measure of wealth and essential for survival. This provision ensured that Jacob's family could maintain their way of life and continue to prosper. It also signifies God's provision, as He not only cares for the spiritual needs of His people but also their physical and material needs.

and everything you own
This phrase underscores the totality of the migration to Egypt. Jacob's family was to bring all their possessions, signifying a complete transition and commitment to their new life in Goshen. It reflects the biblical principle of trusting in God's plan and provision, leaving behind the old life for the new. This mirrors the call to believers to leave behind their past and fully commit to following God's leading.

And there I will provide for you
Joseph, speaking to his brothers, assures them of his provision in Egypt. This reflects God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises to Abraham about his descendants. Joseph, a type of Christ, foreshadows Jesus' provision for His people. The land of Goshen, where Joseph intends to settle his family, is fertile and suitable for their livestock, symbolizing God's abundant care.

because there will be five more years of famine
The famine, which Joseph predicted through Pharaoh's dreams, is a divine orchestration to bring Israel to Egypt. This period of scarcity emphasizes God's sovereignty over nature and history. The number five, often associated with grace, suggests God's grace in preserving His chosen people through Joseph's leadership.

Otherwise, you and your household and everything you own will come to destitution.
Joseph warns of the severe consequences of the famine, highlighting the necessity of his family's relocation. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God's deliverance from impending judgment. The mention of "household" and "everything you own" underscores the comprehensive nature of God's salvation, preserving both people and their possessions. This mirrors the spiritual destitution humanity faces without Christ's redemptive work.

Behold!
The word "behold" is often used in Scripture to draw attention to something significant or to emphasize the importance of what follows. It serves as a call to pay close attention, indicating that what is about to be revealed is of great importance. In the context of Genesis 45, Joseph is revealing his identity to his brothers, a pivotal moment in the narrative.

You and my brother Benjamin
Joseph specifically mentions Benjamin, his full brother, to emphasize the personal and familial connection. Benjamin was the only other son of Rachel, Joseph's mother, and had not been involved in the betrayal that led to Joseph's enslavement. This mention highlights the special bond between them and underscores the emotional weight of the reunion. It also serves to reassure the brothers of Joseph's sincerity and familial loyalty.

can see that I, Joseph,
Joseph's declaration of his identity is crucial. His brothers had not recognized him in his Egyptian attire and position of power. By revealing himself, Joseph bridges the gap between his past and present, showing that despite his transformation, he remains their brother. This revelation fulfills the dreams Joseph had earlier in Genesis, where his brothers would bow to him, demonstrating God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises.

am the one speaking with you.
Joseph's ability to speak directly to his brothers in their language confirms his identity and authenticity. It also signifies the breaking down of barriers between them, both linguistically and relationally. This moment is a turning point in the narrative, leading to reconciliation and the preservation of the family line, which is crucial for the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through Israel. This act of revealing himself can be seen as a type of Christ, who reveals Himself to His followers, breaking down barriers and bringing reconciliation.

Tell my father about all my splendor in Egypt
Joseph, now a powerful figure in Egypt, instructs his brothers to inform their father, Jacob, of his high status. This reflects the fulfillment of Joseph's earlier dreams (Genesis 37:5-11) where he saw his family bowing to him, symbolizing his rise to power. Egypt, during this period, was a significant and advanced civilization, known for its wealth and influence. Joseph's position as second-in-command to Pharaoh highlights God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises. This splendor is not just material wealth but also the authority and respect Joseph commands, which would reassure Jacob of God's hand in Joseph's life.

and everything you have seen.
Joseph's brothers had witnessed firsthand the abundance and prosperity of Egypt under Joseph's administration. This phrase emphasizes the tangible evidence of Joseph's success and God's blessing. The brothers' testimony would serve as a powerful witness to Jacob, confirming the truth of Joseph's words. This also reflects the biblical principle of witnessing and sharing God's work in one's life, as seen in other scriptures like Psalm 66:16 and Acts 1:8.

And bring my father down here quickly.
Joseph's urgent request for Jacob to come to Egypt underscores the importance of family reunion and preservation during the famine. This move to Egypt was part of God's larger plan to preserve the Israelites, setting the stage for future events in biblical history, including the Exodus. The urgency also reflects Joseph's deep love and longing for his father, paralleling the biblical theme of reconciliation and restoration, as seen in the parable of the prodigal son (Luke 15:11-32). This invitation to Egypt foreshadows the Israelites' eventual enslavement and God's deliverance, highlighting themes of redemption and divine sovereignty.

Then Joseph threw his arms around his brother Benjamin
This moment marks a significant emotional climax in the narrative of Joseph and his brothers. Joseph, who had been sold into slavery by his brothers, now reveals his identity to them. The act of throwing his arms around Benjamin signifies reconciliation and forgiveness. Benjamin, Joseph's only full brother, represents a special bond, as they both were sons of Rachel. This embrace symbolizes the restoration of familial relationships and the breaking down of past animosities. The act of embracing is a common cultural expression of affection and reconciliation in the ancient Near East.

and wept
Joseph's weeping is a profound expression of his deep emotions. Throughout the Joseph narrative, weeping is a recurring theme, highlighting the human aspect of Joseph's character. His tears reflect a release of years of pent-up emotion, pain, and longing for his family. In biblical context, weeping often accompanies moments of significant personal and spiritual revelation, as seen in other scriptures like John 11:35, where Jesus weeps at Lazarus's tomb, showing compassion and empathy.

and Benjamin wept as they embraced
Benjamin's weeping indicates his reciprocal affection and relief at the reunion with his brother. This mutual weeping underscores the sincerity of their reconciliation. The embrace and shared tears signify the healing of past wounds and the renewal of brotherly love. This moment can be seen as a type of Christ, where reconciliation and forgiveness are central themes. Just as Joseph forgives his brothers, Christ offers forgiveness and reconciliation to humanity. The embrace also prefigures the unity and restoration that Christ brings to believers, as seen in Ephesians 2:14-16, where Christ is described as breaking down the dividing wall of hostility.

Joseph kissed each of his brothers
This act of kissing is a significant gesture of reconciliation and forgiveness. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, a kiss was a common expression of affection and peace. Joseph's actions demonstrate a complete restoration of relationship, reminiscent of the prodigal son's return in Luke 15:20, where the father kisses his son as a sign of forgiveness. This moment also prefigures Christ's forgiveness of sinners, showing grace and mercy despite past wrongs.

as he wept over them
Joseph's weeping indicates deep emotional release and genuine compassion. His tears reflect the pain of past betrayal and the joy of reconciliation. This emotional display is consistent with other biblical figures who wept in moments of significant spiritual or relational breakthroughs, such as Jesus weeping over Jerusalem in Luke 19:41. Joseph's tears also symbolize the healing of familial bonds and the fulfillment of God's providential plan.

And afterward his brothers talked with him
The brothers' willingness to converse with Joseph signifies their acceptance of his forgiveness and the restoration of their relationship. This dialogue marks a turning point from fear and guilt to open communication and peace. It parallels the reconciliation process seen in Matthew 5:24, where believers are encouraged to reconcile with their brothers before offering gifts at the altar. This moment underscores the theme of unity and the importance of communication in mending broken relationships.

When the news reached Pharaoh’s house
This phrase indicates the communication channels within the Egyptian royal court. Pharaoh's house refers to the palace, the center of political and administrative power in Egypt. The news reaching Pharaoh's house signifies the importance of Joseph's position as second-in-command. Historically, Egypt was a powerful and centralized state, and the Pharaoh's house would have been a hub of activity and decision-making. This moment highlights the integration of Joseph, a Hebrew, into the highest echelons of Egyptian society, which is significant given the cultural and ethnic divisions of the time.

that Joseph’s brothers had come
The arrival of Joseph's brothers in Egypt is a pivotal moment in the narrative of Genesis. It marks the beginning of the fulfillment of Joseph's earlier dreams (Genesis 37:5-11) where his family would bow to him. This event is also a key step in the unfolding of God's plan to preserve the family of Israel during the famine. The brothers' presence in Egypt sets the stage for the eventual migration of Jacob's entire family to Egypt, which is a critical development in the history of Israel. This migration is later referenced in Exodus as the beginning of the Israelites' sojourn in Egypt, leading to their eventual enslavement and the Exodus.

Pharaoh and his servants were pleased
The positive reaction of Pharaoh and his servants to the arrival of Joseph's brothers underscores Joseph's favor and influence in Egypt. It reflects the high regard in which Joseph was held, not only by Pharaoh but also by the Egyptian court. This acceptance is significant given the cultural and ethnic differences between the Egyptians and the Hebrews. The pleasure of Pharaoh and his servants can also be seen as a divine orchestration, where God uses Joseph's position to ensure the survival of the Israelites. This moment foreshadows the later acceptance and settlement of Jacob's family in the land of Goshen, which Pharaoh himself will facilitate.

Pharaoh said to Joseph
This phrase highlights the authority and influence Joseph held in Egypt, second only to Pharaoh himself. Joseph's rise from a Hebrew slave to a powerful leader is a testament to God's providence and favor. This mirrors the story of Daniel, who also rose to prominence in a foreign land. Joseph's position allowed him to act as a mediator between Pharaoh and his family, a type of Christ who mediates between God and humanity.

Tell your brothers
Joseph's brothers, who had previously sold him into slavery, are now recipients of grace and provision. This reflects themes of forgiveness and reconciliation, central to the Christian message. Joseph's actions prefigure Christ's forgiveness of those who wronged Him. The brothers' journey to Egypt also fulfills God's promise to Abraham that his descendants would sojourn in a foreign land (Genesis 15:13).

‘Do as follows: Load your animals
The instruction to load their animals indicates preparation for a significant journey. This reflects the nomadic lifestyle of the patriarchs and the importance of livestock in their economy and survival. The act of loading animals for travel is reminiscent of the Israelites' later exodus from Egypt, where they also prepared to leave with their possessions.

and return to the land of Canaan.
Canaan is the land promised by God to Abraham and his descendants. The return to Canaan signifies a return to the land of promise and covenant. This journey foreshadows the eventual return of the Israelites from Egypt during the Exodus. Canaan represents not just a physical location but a spiritual inheritance, paralleling the Christian hope of entering the promised rest in Christ.

Then bring your father and your families and return to me.
This phrase reflects Joseph's invitation to his brothers to bring their father, Jacob, and their entire families to Egypt. It signifies reconciliation and the restoration of family unity after years of separation and betrayal. The call to "return to me" highlights Joseph's authority and his role as a savior figure, prefiguring Christ's invitation to come to Him for salvation and provision. The emphasis on family underscores the importance of kinship and the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham to make his descendants a great nation (Genesis 12:2).

I will give you the best of the land of Egypt,
Joseph promises to provide his family with the best of Egypt, which indicates his high status and favor with Pharaoh. This offer of the "best of the land" symbolizes God's provision and blessing, reminiscent of the Promised Land flowing with milk and honey (Exodus 3:8). Egypt, particularly the region of Goshen, was fertile and suitable for their livestock, ensuring their prosperity. This also foreshadows the Israelites' eventual enslavement and exodus, highlighting God's sovereignty in using Egypt as both a place of refuge and a place of deliverance.

and you shall eat from the fat of the land.’
The phrase "eat from the fat of the land" implies abundance and prosperity. In ancient Near Eastern culture, "fat" was associated with the best and most luxurious portions, often reserved for the wealthy or for offerings to deities. This promise of abundance contrasts with the famine in Canaan, demonstrating God's provision through Joseph. It also serves as a type of the spiritual abundance found in Christ, who offers life more abundantly (John 10:10). The imagery of feasting and satisfaction points to the eschatological hope of the Messianic banquet (Isaiah 25:6).

You are also directed to tell them:
This phrase indicates a command or instruction given by a person of authority. In the context of Genesis 45, Joseph, who has risen to a position of power in Egypt, is speaking. This reflects the fulfillment of Joseph's earlier dreams (Genesis 37:5-11) where his family would bow to him, showing God's providence and sovereignty in Joseph's life.

‘Take wagons from the land of Egypt
Wagons were a symbol of wealth and advanced technology at the time, as Egypt was a powerful and prosperous nation. This provision demonstrates the generosity and resources available in Egypt under Joseph's administration. It also signifies the beginning of the Israelites' migration to Egypt, setting the stage for future events in the biblical narrative, including the eventual Exodus.

for your young children and your wives,
This phrase highlights the inclusivity of the invitation, ensuring the safety and comfort of the entire family. It underscores the importance of family unity and care, which are recurring themes in the Bible. The mention of "young children and wives" emphasizes the protection and provision for the vulnerable members of the family.

and bring your father and come back.
Joseph's desire to see his father Jacob again reflects the deep familial bonds and reconciliation that are central to this narrative. This invitation also fulfills God's promise to Abraham about his descendants (Genesis 15:13-14), as Jacob's move to Egypt sets the stage for the growth of the Israelite nation. The return to Egypt is a pivotal moment in the history of Israel, leading to their eventual enslavement and the need for deliverance, which foreshadows the redemptive work of Jesus Christ.

But pay no regard to your belongings
This phrase reflects Joseph's assurance to his brothers that they need not worry about their possessions back in Canaan. In the context of the narrative, Joseph, now a powerful figure in Egypt, is inviting his family to relocate during a time of severe famine. This invitation signifies a shift from scarcity to abundance. Theologically, it can be seen as a call to trust in God's provision, reminiscent of Jesus' teaching in Matthew 6:25-34, where believers are encouraged not to worry about material needs.

for the best of all the land of Egypt is yours.
Joseph promises his family the best of Egypt, highlighting the favor and provision they will receive. Egypt, at this time, was a land of great wealth and resources, especially during the reign of the Pharaohs. This promise is significant as it foreshadows the Israelites' future prosperity in Egypt before their eventual enslavement. It also typifies the abundant life promised to believers in Christ, as seen in John 10:10. Theologically, it underscores God's sovereignty and ability to provide for His people even in foreign lands, aligning with the theme of divine providence throughout the Bible.

So the sons of Israel did as they were told.
This phrase highlights the obedience of Joseph's brothers to his instructions. Their compliance marks a significant change from their earlier actions when they sold Joseph into slavery. This obedience can be seen as a step towards reconciliation and restoration within the family. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of obedience to God's will, as seen in other scriptures such as Deuteronomy 28:1-2, where blessings are promised for obedience.

Joseph gave them wagons as Pharaoh had instructed,
The mention of wagons is significant as it indicates the wealth and resources of Egypt, which was one of the most powerful nations at the time. Wagons were not commonly used in Canaan, suggesting the luxury and generosity of Pharaoh's provision. This act of giving aligns with Joseph's role as a type of Christ, who provides abundantly for His people. The wagons symbolize the means by which God facilitates the fulfillment of His promises, similar to how God provided for the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt.

and he also gave them provisions for their journey.
Joseph's provision for his brothers' journey underscores his forgiveness and care for them, despite their past betrayal. This act of kindness is reminiscent of God's provision for the Israelites in the wilderness, as seen in Exodus 16 with the manna from heaven. It also foreshadows the spiritual sustenance that Christ provides for believers, as mentioned in John 6:35, where Jesus declares Himself the bread of life. The provisions ensure the brothers' safe return to Canaan, highlighting God's ongoing protection and faithfulness to His covenant people.

He gave new garments to each of them
In the ancient Near East, clothing was a significant gift, symbolizing honor and favor. Joseph's act of giving new garments to his brothers signifies reconciliation and restoration of their relationship. This gesture echoes earlier biblical narratives, such as Jacob's gift of a special coat to Joseph, which initially sparked jealousy among the brothers. The provision of new garments can also be seen as a type of Christ's righteousness, where believers are clothed in new garments of salvation (Isaiah 61:10).

but to Benjamin he gave three hundred shekels of silver
Benjamin, Joseph's full brother, receives a greater gift, highlighting Joseph's special affection for him. The amount of silver is substantial, indicating wealth and favor. This act can be seen as a test of the brothers' jealousy, reminiscent of their earlier envy of Joseph. The silver also connects to the theme of redemption, as silver was often used in transactions and redemption in biblical times (Exodus 30:11-16).

and five sets of clothes
The five sets of clothes given to Benjamin further emphasize his favored status. In biblical numerology, the number five can symbolize grace. This act of giving multiple garments may foreshadow the abundance of grace and favor that God bestows upon His chosen people. It also serves as a test for the brothers, to see if they have overcome their past jealousy and are truly repentant. This generosity prefigures the lavish grace that Christ offers to believers, who are clothed in His righteousness.

And he sent to his father the following:
Joseph, now a powerful leader in Egypt, sends gifts to his father, Jacob, as a gesture of reconciliation and provision. This act signifies the restoration of family ties and the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham's descendants. It reflects the importance of honoring one's parents, a principle deeply rooted in the cultural and religious traditions of the time.

ten donkeys loaded with the best of Egypt,
The use of donkeys as pack animals highlights the practical means of transport in ancient times. The "best of Egypt" indicates the wealth and abundance of the land, which was known for its prosperity and advanced civilization. This phrase underscores the contrast between the famine-stricken Canaan and the fertile land of Egypt, where Joseph had stored up resources. It also symbolizes the blessings that come from God's providence.

and ten female donkeys loaded with grain and bread and provisions
The specific mention of female donkeys may imply their value for breeding and sustaining future wealth. Grain and bread were staples of the ancient diet, essential for survival, especially during a famine. The provisions represent not only physical sustenance but also the care and foresight of Joseph, who ensures his family's needs are met. This act of provision can be seen as a type of Christ, who provides for the spiritual and physical needs of His people.

for his father’s journey.
Jacob's journey to Egypt is significant as it marks the movement of the Israelites into a foreign land, setting the stage for future events in biblical history, including the Exodus. This journey is a fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that his descendants would be strangers in a land not their own. It also foreshadows the journey of faith that believers undertake, trusting in God's guidance and provision.

Then Joseph sent his brothers on their way
Joseph, now a powerful figure in Egypt, sends his brothers back to Canaan. This act signifies reconciliation and forgiveness, as Joseph had previously revealed his identity to them. The journey from Egypt to Canaan was significant, both geographically and emotionally, as it marked the transition from famine to provision and from guilt to grace. Joseph's authority in Egypt underscores the fulfillment of his earlier dreams (Genesis 37:5-11), where his brothers would bow to him, highlighting God's sovereignty and the unfolding of His divine plan.

and as they were leaving
The departure of the brothers marks a pivotal moment in the narrative. It signifies the beginning of the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham regarding the preservation and growth of his descendants (Genesis 12:2-3). The brothers' return to Canaan with provisions and the news of Joseph's status is a turning point that will eventually lead to the migration of Jacob's entire family to Egypt, setting the stage for the events of the Exodus.

he said to them, “Do not quarrel on the way!”
Joseph's admonition to avoid quarreling reflects his understanding of human nature and the potential for discord among his brothers. This instruction is significant in light of their past jealousy and betrayal (Genesis 37:18-28). Joseph's concern for unity and peace among his brothers can be seen as a type of Christ, who also calls for reconciliation and peace among His followers (John 13:34-35). The warning against quarreling also serves as a reminder of the importance of maintaining harmony and forgiveness within the family of God, as echoed in the New Testament teachings (Ephesians 4:31-32).

So the brothers went up out of Egypt
The brothers' departure from Egypt marks a significant moment in the narrative of Joseph and his family. Egypt, a land of abundance and power, contrasts with Canaan, the land of promise. The brothers' journey "up" signifies a return to their roots and the fulfillment of God's promises to their forefathers. This movement from Egypt to Canaan foreshadows the future Exodus, where the Israelites will leave Egypt under Moses' leadership. The brothers' journey also reflects a spiritual ascent, moving from a place of past guilt and deception to reconciliation and truth.

and came to their father Jacob
Jacob, also known as Israel, is the patriarch of the twelve tribes. His sons' return to him is not just a physical reunion but a restoration of family unity. Jacob's life has been marked by struggle and divine encounters, and this moment is a culmination of God's faithfulness to him. The return of his sons, especially with the news of Joseph, whom he thought dead, is a pivotal moment in his life. This reunion prefigures the ultimate reconciliation between God and His people, as seen in the New Testament through Christ.

in the land of Canaan
Canaan is the land promised by God to Abraham and his descendants. It is a land rich in biblical history and significance, representing God's covenant and faithfulness. The return to Canaan signifies a return to the place of promise and destiny. This land is central to the biblical narrative, being the setting for many key events in Israel's history. Theologically, Canaan represents the believer's journey to the promises of God, a place of spiritual inheritance and fulfillment.

Joseph is still alive,
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative of Joseph, who was sold into slavery by his brothers and presumed dead by his father, Jacob. The revelation of Joseph's survival is a testament to God's providence and faithfulness. It echoes the theme of resurrection and restoration, as Joseph's life is a type of Christ, who was also thought to be dead but is alive. This moment fulfills the dreams Joseph had in his youth, which were divinely inspired and foretold his rise to prominence.

they said,
The brothers, who once conspired against Joseph, now become the bearers of good news. Their transformation from deceitful siblings to truthful messengers highlights the theme of repentance and redemption. This change in character is significant in the broader narrative of reconciliation within the family of Jacob.

and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt!
Joseph's rise to power in Egypt is a remarkable story of divine intervention and favor. As second-in-command to Pharaoh, Joseph's position is a fulfillment of God's promise and a demonstration of His sovereignty. This mirrors the story of Daniel, who also rose to prominence in a foreign land. Joseph's role as a ruler prefigures Christ's ultimate authority over all nations, as seen in Philippians 2:9-11.

But Jacob was stunned,
Jacob's initial reaction of shock is understandable given the years of grief he endured believing Joseph was dead. This moment of disbelief is a natural human response to unexpected joy and fulfillment of long-lost hope. It reflects the emotional depth and complexity of the biblical characters, making their stories relatable and profound.

for he did not believe them.
Jacob's skepticism is reminiscent of the disciples' initial disbelief at the resurrection of Jesus (Luke 24:11). This doubt underscores the extraordinary nature of the news and sets the stage for a deeper revelation and confirmation of truth. It also highlights the theme of faith and the challenge of believing in God's promises despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary.

However, when they relayed all that Joseph had told them
This phrase indicates a turning point in the narrative. The brothers had returned from Egypt with news that Joseph, whom they had sold into slavery, was alive and held a position of power. This revelation would have been shocking and difficult to believe, given the years of deception. The act of relaying Joseph's words signifies the importance of testimony and truth in restoring relationships. It also highlights the theme of reconciliation, as Joseph's words were intended to bring healing and unity to his family.

and when he saw the wagons that Joseph had sent to carry him back
The wagons symbolize the tangible evidence of Joseph's status and intentions. In the ancient Near East, such wagons would have been a sign of wealth and authority, as they were not commonly used for long-distance travel by ordinary people. The presence of these wagons would have been a powerful visual confirmation of the truth of the brothers' message. This also reflects the provision and care Joseph had for his family, prefiguring the way Christ provides for His people.

the spirit of their father Jacob was revived
Jacob's spirit being revived indicates a renewal of hope and life. For years, Jacob had believed Joseph to be dead, which had caused him deep sorrow. The news of Joseph's survival and prosperity brought a restoration of joy and purpose. This revival can be seen as a type of resurrection, pointing to the ultimate hope of resurrection in Christ. It also underscores the theme of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises, as Jacob's family was integral to the covenantal promises made to Abraham.

“Enough!” declared Israel.
This phrase marks a pivotal moment of realization and acceptance for Israel, also known as Jacob. The name "Israel" signifies his covenant relationship with God, highlighting the spiritual significance of this moment. Jacob's declaration of "Enough!" indicates a shift from disbelief to acceptance, reflecting his readiness to embrace the truth about Joseph. This moment is a culmination of years of grief and mourning, as Jacob had believed Joseph to be dead. The use of "Israel" instead of "Jacob" may also suggest a moment of spiritual awakening or renewal, as he prepares to reunite with his long-lost son.

“My son Joseph is still alive!”
This statement is a profound revelation for Jacob, who had mourned Joseph as dead for many years. The news that Joseph is alive is not only a personal joy but also a fulfillment of God's providential plan. Joseph's survival and rise to power in Egypt are part of God's overarching plan to preserve the family of Israel during a time of famine. This moment foreshadows the future deliverance of Israel from Egypt, as Joseph's position will eventually lead to the migration of Jacob's family to Egypt. The survival of Joseph can also be seen as a type of resurrection, prefiguring the resurrection of Christ, who was also thought to be dead but is alive.

I will go to see him before I die.”
Jacob's resolve to see Joseph before his death underscores the importance of family reconciliation and fulfillment of God's promises. This journey to Egypt is significant, as it sets the stage for the eventual enslavement and exodus of the Israelites, a central narrative in the history of Israel. Jacob's desire to see Joseph reflects the deep familial bonds and the importance of closure and reconciliation. This journey also fulfills God's promise to Abraham that his descendants would sojourn in a foreign land. Jacob's statement can be seen as an act of faith, trusting in God's plan and timing, even in his old age.