Then the LORD said to Moses,
This phrase introduces a divine communication, emphasizing the direct revelation from God to Moses, a central figure in the Pentateuch. Moses is recognized as the mediator between God and the Israelites, underscoring his role as a prophet and leader. The phrase highlights the theocratic nature of Israel's governance, where God directly instructs His people through chosen leaders. This divine communication is foundational for the laws and instructions that follow, establishing their authority and significance.

In the broader biblical context, God's communication with Moses is a recurring theme, seen in passages such as Exodus 3:4, where God calls Moses from the burning bush, and throughout the wilderness journey. This consistent interaction underscores the covenant relationship between God and Israel, with Moses as the intermediary.

Theologically, this phrase sets the stage for the instructions on sin offerings, which are detailed in Leviticus 4. These offerings are part of the sacrificial system that points to the need for atonement and foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, as seen in Hebrews 10:1-10. The sacrificial system is a type of Christ's atoning work, illustrating the seriousness of sin and the necessity of a mediator, fulfilled in Jesus as the ultimate High Priest and sacrifice.

Historically, the setting is during the Israelites' wilderness period after the Exodus from Egypt, a time when God was establishing His covenant laws and rituals. This period is crucial for understanding the formation of Israel's identity as God's chosen people, distinct from surrounding nations.

Culturally, the communication between God and Moses reflects the ancient Near Eastern context, where divine instructions were often given to leaders or prophets. However, the personal and direct nature of God's communication with Moses is unique, highlighting the intimate relationship between God and His chosen leader.

In summary, this phrase introduces a significant moment of divine instruction, setting the foundation for the laws that follow and pointing to the greater redemptive plan fulfilled in Christ. Tell the Israelites
This phrase establishes the audience as the Israelites, God's chosen people, who were delivered from Egypt and given the Law at Mount Sinai. The Israelites are the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and they are in a covenant relationship with God. This covenant is central to their identity and their understanding of God's expectations for them. The instructions given here are part of the Mosaic Law, which was intended to set them apart as a holy nation.

to do as follows
This indicates that specific instructions are about to be given. The Law provided detailed guidelines for various aspects of life, including worship, morality, and community living. These instructions were not merely suggestions but were commands that required obedience. The specificity of the Law underscores the importance of holiness and order in the community.

with one who sins unintentionally
The concept of unintentional sin highlights the difference between sins committed knowingly and those done in ignorance or by accident. In the ancient Near Eastern context, intent was significant in determining guilt and the necessary atonement. This provision shows God's grace and understanding of human fallibility. It also emphasizes the need for continual awareness and repentance, as even unintentional sins required atonement.

against any of the LORD’s commandments
The commandments refer to the laws given by God, which include the Ten Commandments and other laws detailed in the Torah. These commandments cover moral, ceremonial, and civil aspects of life. Sinning against these commandments is seen as an offense against God Himself, as they are His direct instructions. This underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement.

and does what is forbidden by them:
This phrase indicates a violation of the commandments, whether knowingly or unknowingly. The Law was clear about what was permissible and what was not, and any transgression required a response. This reflects the holiness of God and the need for His people to live in accordance with His standards. The sacrificial system, which included offerings for unintentional sins, pointed to the need for a mediator and ultimately foreshadowed the atoning work of Jesus Christ, who provides the ultimate sacrifice for sin.

If the anointed priest sins
The anointed priest refers to the high priest, who was consecrated with holy oil. His role was crucial as a mediator between God and the Israelites. His sin had significant implications, as it could lead the entire community astray. This highlights the importance of leadership integrity and the communal impact of sin. The concept of an anointed leader foreshadows Christ, the ultimate High Priest, who is sinless and mediates a new covenant.

bringing guilt on the people
The priest's sin had a corporate effect, emphasizing the interconnectedness of the community. In ancient Israel, the high priest represented the people before God, and his actions could bring collective guilt. This reflects the biblical principle that leaders bear responsibility for their followers, a theme seen throughout Scripture, such as in the story of King David's census (2 Samuel 24).

he must bring to the LORD a young bull without blemish
The requirement of a young bull signifies the gravity of the priest's sin, as bulls were the most valuable sacrificial animals. The stipulation that the bull be without blemish underscores the need for purity and perfection in offerings to God, prefiguring Christ as the spotless Lamb of God (1 Peter 1:19). This requirement also reflects the high standards God sets for those who serve Him.

as a sin offering
The sin offering was a specific type of sacrifice designed to atone for unintentional sins and restore the sinner's relationship with God. This offering involved the shedding of blood, pointing to the necessity of atonement through sacrifice. The sin offering is a type of Christ's ultimate sacrifice, which provides complete atonement for sin (Hebrews 10:10-12).

for the sin he has committed
This phrase emphasizes personal responsibility and accountability before God. Even the high priest was not exempt from the need for atonement. It serves as a reminder that all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23), and it points to the need for a perfect mediator, fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

He must bring the bull to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting before the LORD
This phrase indicates the requirement for the sin offering, specifically for the anointed priest who has sinned. The bull, a valuable and significant animal, symbolizes the gravity of sin and the need for atonement. The "entrance to the Tent of Meeting" is significant as it represents the place where God meets with His people, emphasizing the need for reconciliation with God. The Tent of Meeting, also known as the Tabernacle, was a portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness. This act of bringing the bull to the entrance signifies the sinner's acknowledgment of their sin and the need for divine forgiveness. The phrase "before the LORD" underscores the presence of God in the sacrificial process, highlighting that the offering is made directly to Him, acknowledging His holiness and justice.

lay his hand on the bull’s head
The laying of hands on the bull's head is a symbolic act of identification and transfer. By doing this, the priest identifies with the animal, symbolically transferring his sin and guilt onto the bull. This act signifies the substitutionary nature of the sacrifice, where the bull bears the penalty of sin on behalf of the sinner. This concept of substitution is foundational in the sacrificial system and foreshadows the ultimate substitutionary sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who bore the sins of humanity on the cross. The laying on of hands is a recurring biblical theme, seen in other contexts such as the ordination of leaders and the impartation of blessings.

and slaughter it before the LORD
The slaughtering of the bull is a vivid and solemn act, representing the seriousness of sin and the cost of atonement. The act of killing the animal underscores the principle that sin leads to death, as stated in Romans 6:23, "For the wages of sin is death." The phrase "before the LORD" reiterates that this act is performed in the presence of God, emphasizing His role as the ultimate judge and the one who provides atonement. The shedding of blood is central to the sacrificial system, as it is the means by which atonement is made, pointing forward to the blood of Christ, which cleanses from all sin. This act of sacrifice is a precursor to the New Testament understanding of Christ's atoning work, where He is both the High Priest and the sacrificial Lamb.

Then the anointed priest
The term "anointed priest" refers to the high priest, who was consecrated with holy anointing oil. This role was established in Exodus 28-29, where Aaron and his sons were set apart for priestly duties. The anointing signifies being set apart for God's service, a foreshadowing of Jesus Christ, the ultimate High Priest (Hebrews 4:14-15).

shall take some of the bull’s blood
Blood is central to the sacrificial system, symbolizing life and atonement (Leviticus 17:11). The bull, a valuable offering, indicates the seriousness of sin. This act prefigures Christ's sacrifice, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Hebrews 9:22).

and bring it into the Tent of Meeting
The Tent of Meeting, or Tabernacle, was the dwelling place of God among His people (Exodus 25:8-9). Bringing the blood inside signifies the need for atonement to be presented before God. This act points to Christ entering the heavenly sanctuary with His own blood, securing eternal redemption (Hebrews 9:11-12).

The priest is to dip his finger in the blood
This phrase indicates the role of the priest as a mediator between God and the people. The act of dipping the finger in blood signifies the priest's involvement in the sacrificial system, which was central to the atonement process in ancient Israel. Blood, representing life, was a crucial element in the sacrificial rituals, symbolizing purification and the covering of sin. This act foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins.

and sprinkle some of it seven times
The number seven in the Bible often symbolizes completeness or perfection. Sprinkling the blood seven times signifies the thoroughness and completeness of the atonement process. This act of sprinkling is a ritual purification, ensuring that the sin offering is fully effective. It points to the perfect and complete sacrifice of Christ, who fulfilled the law and provided a perfect atonement for sin.

before the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the presence of God in the sacrificial process. The act is performed before the LORD, indicating that the offering is made directly to God and is an act of worship and obedience. It underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for divine forgiveness. This direct approach to God through sacrifice is fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus, who provides believers direct access to God.

in front of the veil of the sanctuary
The veil of the sanctuary separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, where the presence of God dwelt. Sprinkling the blood in front of the veil signifies the barrier between God and humanity due to sin. This act symbolizes the need for atonement to approach God. In the New Testament, the tearing of the veil at Christ's crucifixion (Matthew 27:51) signifies the removal of this barrier, granting believers direct access to God through Jesus.

The priest must then put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense
In the ancient Israelite sacrificial system, the priest played a crucial role as a mediator between God and the people. The act of putting blood on the horns of the altar signifies the transfer of sin and the need for atonement. The altar of fragrant incense, located in the Holy Place, symbolizes the prayers and intercessions of the people rising to God. The horns, often seen as symbols of power and strength, represent the authority of the altar to atone for sin. This act foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, whose blood would be shed for the atonement of humanity's sins.

that is before the LORD in the Tent of Meeting.
The Tent of Meeting, also known as the Tabernacle, was the portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites. It was a sacred space where God met with Moses and the priests. The phrase "before the LORD" emphasizes the presence of God and the holiness required in approaching Him. This setting underscores the seriousness of sin and the necessity of purification before entering God's presence. The Tent of Meeting prefigures the coming of Christ, who would become the ultimate meeting place between God and humanity.

And he is to pour out the rest of the bull’s blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering
The altar of burnt offering, located in the courtyard of the Tabernacle, was where sacrifices were made to God. Pouring out the blood at its base signifies the complete offering of life, as blood represents life in biblical symbolism. This act of pouring out the blood is a vivid reminder of the cost of sin and the need for a substitute to bear the penalty. It points forward to the sacrifice of Jesus, whose blood was poured out for the forgiveness of sins, fulfilling the requirements of the law.

at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
The entrance to the Tent of Meeting was a place of transition from the common to the sacred. It was here that the people could approach God through the mediation of the priest. This location highlights the accessibility of God through the prescribed means of sacrifice and atonement. In the New Testament, Jesus declares Himself as the "door" (John 10:9), indicating that He is the way through which believers can enter into the presence of God, fulfilling the symbolism of the Tabernacle's entrance.

Then he shall remove all the fat from the bull of the sin offering—
In the Levitical sacrificial system, the removal of fat from the animal was a significant ritual act. Fat was considered the best part of the animal and was often associated with abundance and richness. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, offering the fat to God symbolized giving the best to Him. This act of removing the fat was a way to honor God, acknowledging His provision and sovereignty. The sin offering, specifically, was a sacrifice for atonement, highlighting the need for purification and reconciliation with God. The removal of fat can be seen as a precursor to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who offered Himself wholly and without blemish for the sins of humanity.

the fat that covers the entrails,
The entrails, or inner parts of the animal, were considered the seat of emotions and life in ancient thought. Covering the entrails, the fat served as a protective layer, symbolizing the inner life and vitality of the creature. In the context of the sin offering, this act of removing the fat from the entrails signifies a deeper cleansing and purification process, addressing not just external actions but the internal state of the heart. This reflects the biblical theme that God desires truth in the inward being (Psalm 51:6) and foreshadows the New Testament emphasis on inner transformation through the Holy Spirit.

all the fat that is on them,
The comprehensive removal of all fat underscores the thoroughness required in the sacrificial process. It signifies the complete dedication and surrender to God, leaving nothing behind. This meticulous attention to detail in the sacrificial rites points to the holiness and perfection required by God, which is ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ, the perfect Lamb of God. The complete removal of fat also symbolizes the total removal of sin, as the sin offering was meant to atone for unintentional sins, highlighting the need for complete repentance and cleansing. This act prefigures the total and sufficient atonement provided by Christ's sacrifice on the cross, which covers all sin for those who believe.

both kidneys with the fat on them near the loins
In the sacrificial system, the kidneys and the fat surrounding them were considered the choicest parts of the animal, symbolizing the innermost thoughts and emotions of a person. The kidneys were often associated with the seat of emotion and moral discernment in ancient Hebrew thought, as seen in passages like Psalm 26:2 and Jeremiah 17:10. The fat, considered the best part of the animal, was reserved for God, signifying the offering of the best of oneself to the Lord. This practice underscores the importance of offering God the best and most intimate parts of one's life.

and the lobe of the liver
The liver, particularly its lobe, was another significant part of the sacrificial animal. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, the liver was often used in divination practices, but in the Israelite sacrificial system, it was dedicated to God, indicating a rejection of pagan practices and a commitment to Yahweh. The removal of the liver's lobe for sacrifice symbolizes the surrender of one's will and decision-making to God, aligning with the biblical theme of submission to divine authority.

which he is to remove with the kidneys—
The priest's role in removing these specific parts highlights the meticulous nature of the sacrificial process, emphasizing the need for precision and care in worship. This act of removal signifies the separation of the sacred from the common, a recurring theme in Leviticus. The priest's actions foreshadow the work of Christ, our High Priest, who perfectly mediates between God and humanity, offering Himself as the ultimate sacrifice. This meticulous process also points to the need for purity and holiness in approaching God, as seen throughout the Levitical laws.

just as the fat is removed from the ox of the peace offering
In the sacrificial system, the removal of fat was a common practice, symbolizing the offering of the best parts to God. The fat, considered the richest part, was reserved for God alone, signifying His holiness and the need for purity in offerings. This practice is consistent with other offerings, such as the peace offering, where the fat was also removed and burned. The peace offering, or fellowship offering, was a voluntary act of worship, expressing thanksgiving and communion with God. The removal of fat in both offerings underscores the importance of giving God the choicest portions, reflecting a heart of reverence and submission.

Then the priest shall burn them on the altar of burnt offering
The act of burning the fat on the altar signifies the complete dedication of the offering to God. The altar of burnt offering, located in the Tabernacle's outer court, was the place where sacrifices were made to atone for sin and restore fellowship with God. The burning of the fat produced a pleasing aroma, symbolizing the acceptance of the offering by God. This act foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who offered Himself wholly to God, fulfilling the requirements of the law and providing a way for humanity to be reconciled to God. The priest's role in this process highlights the mediatory function between God and the people, a role perfectly fulfilled by Christ as our High Priest.

But the hide of the bull
In the context of Leviticus, the hide of the bull represents the external covering of the animal, which was not used in the sacrificial offering but was instead taken outside the camp. This act symbolizes the removal of sin from the community, as the hide was considered unclean. The bull, often used in sin offerings, signifies the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement. This removal can be seen as a foreshadowing of Christ, who was crucified outside the city, bearing the sins of the world (Hebrews 13:11-12).

and all its flesh
The flesh of the bull, representing the entirety of the animal's body, was not consumed by fire on the altar but was disposed of outside the camp. This indicates the complete removal of sin and impurity from the people. In the New Testament, Jesus' sacrifice is seen as the ultimate fulfillment of this offering, as He offered His entire body for the atonement of humanity's sins (1 Peter 2:24).

with its head and legs
The head and legs of the bull, parts that signify leadership and movement, respectively, were also taken outside the camp. This removal underscores the comprehensive nature of the sin offering, addressing both the thoughts (head) and actions (legs) of the sinner. In a broader biblical context, this can be related to the call for believers to renew their minds and walk in righteousness (Romans 12:2, Ephesians 4:1).

and its entrails and dung—
The entrails and dung, representing the innermost parts and waste, were considered unclean and were also removed from the camp. This act highlights the thoroughness required in dealing with sin, ensuring that even the most hidden and base aspects are cleansed. This thorough cleansing is mirrored in the New Testament call for believers to purify their hearts and rid themselves of all moral filth (James 4:8, 1 Peter 2:1). The removal of these parts outside the camp prefigures the complete purification offered through Christ's sacrifice, which cleanses believers from all unrighteousness (1 John 1:9).

all the rest of the bull—
In the context of Leviticus, the bull is used as a sin offering for the atonement of unintentional sins committed by the priest or the congregation. The bull represents the seriousness of sin and the need for a significant sacrifice. This foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who bore the sins of humanity.

he must take outside the camp
Taking the remains outside the camp signifies the removal of sin from the community. In ancient Israel, the camp represented the dwelling place of God's people, and anything unclean or sinful was to be removed to maintain holiness. This act prefigures Christ's crucifixion outside the city of Jerusalem, as mentioned in Hebrews 13:11-12, symbolizing the removal of sin.

to a ceremonially clean place
The requirement for a clean place underscores the importance of maintaining purity even in the disposal of sacrificial remains. This reflects the holiness of God and the need for His people to approach Him with reverence and purity. It also highlights the separation between the sacred and the profane.

where the ashes are poured out,
Ashes from previous sacrifices were disposed of in a designated area, emphasizing the continuity and regularity of sacrificial practices. This practice ensured that the remains of the sacrifices did not defile the camp, maintaining the community's purity.

and there he must burn it on a wood fire
Burning the remains on a wood fire signifies the complete consumption and destruction of the sin offering, symbolizing the total eradication of sin. The use of wood is reminiscent of the cross, where Christ was sacrificed, fulfilling the ultimate sin offering.

on the ash heap.
The ash heap, or "place of removal," served as a constant reminder of the consequences of sin and the need for atonement. It symbolizes the finality of sin's removal and points to the complete and finished work of Christ on the cross, where He bore the sins of the world and provided eternal redemption.

Now if the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally
This phrase addresses the collective responsibility of the Israelite community. In ancient Israel, the community was seen as a covenant people, bound together in their relationship with God. The concept of unintentional sin highlights the human propensity to err, even without malicious intent. This reflects the need for communal awareness and vigilance in maintaining faithfulness to God's laws. The idea of corporate sin is echoed in other parts of Scripture, such as in the story of Achan in Joshua 7, where the sin of one affected the entire community.

and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly
The assembly refers to the gathered leaders or representatives of the people, such as the elders. This indicates that even leaders can overlook transgressions, emphasizing the importance of discernment and accountability within the community. The oversight of sin suggests a need for constant spiritual vigilance. This concept is mirrored in the New Testament, where church leaders are called to be watchful and shepherd the flock (Acts 20:28).

so that they violate any of the LORD’s commandments
The commandments of the LORD are central to the covenant relationship between God and Israel. Violating these commandments, even unintentionally, disrupts this relationship. The commandments are not merely legalistic rules but are meant to guide the people in living a life that reflects God's holiness. This is consistent with the broader biblical narrative, where obedience to God's law is a sign of love and devotion (John 14:15).

and incur guilt by doing what is forbidden
Guilt in this context is not just a feeling but a legal and spiritual state that requires atonement. The sacrificial system in Leviticus provides a means for addressing this guilt, pointing to the need for reconciliation with God. This foreshadows the ultimate atonement through Jesus Christ, who, as the perfect sacrifice, takes away the sin of the world (Hebrews 9:26). The concept of forbidden actions underscores the holiness of God and the seriousness of sin, which separates humanity from Him.

when they become aware of the sin they have committed
This phrase highlights the importance of awareness and acknowledgment of sin within the community. In the context of ancient Israel, sin was not only a personal matter but also a communal concern. The awareness of sin implies a process of self-examination and communal accountability. This reflects the broader biblical theme of repentance and confession, as seen in passages like Psalm 32:5 and 1 John 1:9, where acknowledgment of sin is a prerequisite for forgiveness.

then the assembly must bring a young bull as a sin offering
The requirement for the assembly to bring a young bull signifies the gravity of communal sin and the need for atonement. The young bull, being a valuable and significant offering, underscores the seriousness of sin and the cost of reconciliation with God. This practice is rooted in the sacrificial system established in the Mosaic Law, which foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the "Lamb of God" (John 1:29), who takes away the sin of the world. The communal aspect of the offering emphasizes the collective responsibility and unity of the people in seeking God's forgiveness.

and present it before the Tent of Meeting
The Tent of Meeting, also known as the Tabernacle, was the central place of worship and the dwelling place of God's presence among the Israelites during their wilderness journey. Presenting the offering before the Tent of Meeting signifies bringing the matter before God, acknowledging His holiness, and seeking His mercy. This act of presentation is a form of worship and submission to God's authority. The Tent of Meeting serves as a precursor to the Temple in Jerusalem and ultimately points to Jesus Christ, who is described as the true Tabernacle (John 1:14, Hebrews 9:11), where believers can approach God directly through His atoning work.

The elders of the congregation
In ancient Israel, the elders were respected leaders and representatives of the people. They held positions of authority and were responsible for making decisions on behalf of the community. This reflects the communal nature of sin and atonement in Israelite society, where leaders acted on behalf of the people. The role of elders is seen throughout the Old Testament, such as in Exodus 3:16 and Numbers 11:16, where they are involved in significant religious and communal decisions.

are to lay their hands on the bull’s head
The act of laying hands on the bull's head symbolizes the transfer of sin from the people to the sacrificial animal. This ritual act signifies identification and substitution, where the bull takes on the sin of the congregation. This practice is a precursor to the concept of substitutionary atonement, which is fully realized in the New Testament with Jesus Christ as the ultimate sacrifice for sin (Hebrews 9:12-14).

before the LORD
The phrase "before the LORD" indicates that this ritual is performed in the presence of God, likely at the entrance of the Tabernacle, where God's presence dwelt among the Israelites. This emphasizes the seriousness of the act and the need for divine acknowledgment and acceptance of the sacrifice. It underscores the belief that all sin is ultimately against God, as seen in Psalm 51:4.

and it shall be slaughtered
The slaughtering of the bull is a critical part of the sacrificial process, representing the death required to atone for sin. This act foreshadows the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ, who was "slain from the foundation of the world" (Revelation 13:8) to atone for humanity's sins. The shedding of blood is a central theme in the sacrificial system, as seen in Leviticus 17:11, which states that "it is the blood that makes atonement for one's life."

before the LORD
Reiterating the phrase emphasizes the importance of performing the sacrifice in God's presence, ensuring that the act is not merely ritualistic but a genuine appeal for divine forgiveness. This repetition highlights the necessity of God's approval and the sacredness of the sacrificial system, which points to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, who offered Himself "once for all" (Hebrews 10:10) in the presence of God.

Then the anointed priest
The term "anointed priest" refers to the high priest, who was consecrated with holy anointing oil as described in Exodus 29:7. This anointing set him apart for his sacred duties, symbolizing the Holy Spirit's empowerment. The high priest served as a mediator between God and the people, a role that foreshadows Jesus Christ, our ultimate High Priest (Hebrews 4:14-16).

is to bring
This action signifies the priest's responsibility to act on behalf of the people. The priest's role was not passive; he actively participated in the atonement process, highlighting the necessity of intercession in the relationship between God and humanity.

some of the bull’s blood
Blood was central to the sacrificial system, representing life and atonement for sin (Leviticus 17:11). The use of a bull, a valuable and significant offering, underscores the gravity of sin and the costliness of atonement. This prefigures the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Hebrews 9:22).

into the Tent of Meeting
The Tent of Meeting, also known as the Tabernacle, was the portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites. It was a sacred space where God met with His people, and the presence of the blood there symbolized the cleansing and sanctification necessary for communion with God. This anticipates the New Covenant, where believers have direct access to God through Christ (Hebrews 10:19-22).

and he is to dip his finger in the blood
This phrase refers to the priest's action during the sin offering ritual. The act of dipping the finger in blood signifies the priest's role as a mediator between God and the people. Blood, representing life, is a crucial element in atonement rituals (Leviticus 17:11). The priest's involvement underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for purification. This act foreshadows Christ's ultimate sacrifice, where His blood was shed for the remission of sins (Hebrews 9:22).

and sprinkle it seven times
The number seven in the Bible often symbolizes completeness or perfection, reflecting God's creation week (Genesis 2:2-3). Sprinkling the blood seven times indicates a complete purification process, ensuring that the sin is fully atoned for. This ritual act points to the perfect and complete atonement made by Jesus Christ, whose sacrifice was once for all (Hebrews 10:10).

before the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the presence of God in the tabernacle, where the ritual takes place. The act of sprinkling the blood before the LORD signifies that the offering is made directly to God, acknowledging His holiness and the need for reconciliation. It highlights the importance of approaching God with reverence and the necessity of a mediator, fulfilled in Christ (1 Timothy 2:5).

in front of the veil
The veil in the tabernacle separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, where God's presence dwelt. Sprinkling the blood in front of the veil symbolizes the barrier between God and humanity due to sin. This act anticipates the tearing of the veil at Christ's crucifixion (Matthew 27:51), which signifies the removal of the barrier and direct access to God through Jesus.

He is also to put some of the blood on the horns of the altar
The act of placing blood on the horns of the altar signifies atonement and purification. The horns, located at the four corners of the altar, symbolize strength and power. This ritual act underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for divine forgiveness. The blood represents life (Leviticus 17:11) and serves as a substitute for the sinner's life, pointing to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Hebrews 9:22).

that is before the LORD in the Tent of Meeting
The Tent of Meeting, also known as the Tabernacle, was the central place of worship for the Israelites during their wilderness journey. It was where God's presence dwelled among His people (Exodus 25:8). The phrase "before the LORD" emphasizes the sacredness of the act and the direct accountability to God. This setting foreshadows the coming of Christ, who is the true Tabernacle (John 1:14), dwelling among humanity.

and he must pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering
Pouring the remaining blood at the base of the altar signifies the complete offering of life to God. The altar of burnt offering, located in the courtyard of the Tabernacle, was where sacrifices were made to atone for sin. This act of pouring out the blood symbolizes total surrender and dedication to God, prefiguring Christ's complete sacrifice on the cross (Philippians 2:8).

at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting
The entrance to the Tent of Meeting was a place of transition from the common to the holy. It was where the Israelites would bring their offerings and seek reconciliation with God. This location highlights the accessibility of God to His people through prescribed means. In the New Testament, Jesus declares Himself as the door (John 10:9), through whom believers have access to the Father and eternal life.

And he is to remove all the fat from it
In the sacrificial system of ancient Israel, the removal of fat from the offering was a significant ritual act. Fat was considered the best part of the animal, symbolizing richness and abundance. In the context of Leviticus, the fat was reserved for God, indicating that the best portions were to be given to Him. This act of removing the fat can be seen as a type of Christ, who offered Himself wholly and completely to God, holding nothing back. The removal of fat also signifies the separation of what is holy from what is common, a recurring theme in Leviticus. This practice underscores the importance of purity and dedication in worship.

and burn it on the altar
Burning the fat on the altar was an act of consecration and a pleasing aroma to the Lord, as described in other parts of Leviticus. The altar, located in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple, was the central place of sacrifice and worship for the Israelites. This act of burning symbolizes the complete surrender and dedication of the offering to God. It also foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who was wholly consumed in His obedience and love for the Father. The burning of the fat represents the transformation of the offering into a spiritual act of worship, aligning with the New Testament call for believers to offer themselves as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God.

He shall offer this bull just as he did the bull for the sin offering;
The offering of a bull as a sin offering is a significant ritual in the Levitical law, primarily for the atonement of unintentional sins committed by the congregation or the priest. The bull, a valuable animal, signifies the seriousness of sin and the costliness of atonement. This ritual is detailed in Leviticus 4:3-12, where the priest is instructed to bring the bull to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, lay his hand on its head, and slaughter it before the LORD. The act of laying hands symbolizes the transfer of sin from the sinner to the animal, a precursor to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who bore the sins of humanity. The blood of the bull is then sprinkled before the LORD, emphasizing the necessity of blood for atonement, as reiterated in Hebrews 9:22.

in this way the priest will make atonement on their behalf,
The role of the priest is central in the atonement process, acting as a mediator between God and the people. This reflects the priestly function of intercession and sacrifice, which is fulfilled in the New Testament by Jesus Christ, our High Priest, as described in Hebrews 4:14-16. The priest's actions symbolize the removal of sin and the restoration of the relationship between the people and God. The concept of atonement involves covering or cleansing sin, allowing the people to remain in covenant relationship with God. This anticipates the ultimate atonement made by Christ, who reconciles humanity to God through His sacrifice.

and they will be forgiven.
Forgiveness is the ultimate goal of the sin offering, restoring the sinner to a state of grace and fellowship with God. In the Old Testament, forgiveness is granted through the sacrificial system, which points forward to the complete and final forgiveness available through Jesus Christ. The assurance of forgiveness is a recurring theme in Scripture, seen in passages like Psalm 103:12, where God removes our transgressions as far as the east is from the west. In the New Testament, 1 John 1:9 assures believers that if we confess our sins, God is faithful and just to forgive us and cleanse us from all unrighteousness. This phrase underscores the mercy and grace of God, who provides a means for His people to be reconciled to Him.

Then he is to take the bull outside the camp
In the context of ancient Israel, the camp represented the dwelling place of God's people, and anything unclean or associated with sin was taken outside the camp. This act symbolizes the removal of sin from the community. The bull, representing the sin offering, is taken outside to signify the separation of sin from the holy presence of God. This foreshadows the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, who was taken outside the city of Jerusalem to be crucified, bearing the sins of humanity (Hebrews 13:11-12).

and burn it
The burning of the bull signifies the complete destruction of sin. In the sacrificial system, burning was a way to purify and make atonement. The fire represents God's judgment and purification. This act of burning the sin offering points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, who endured the fiery wrath of God for the sins of the world.

just as he burned the first bull
This refers to the earlier instructions given for the sin offering of the anointed priest (Leviticus 4:3-12). The repetition emphasizes the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement. It also highlights the consistency of God's requirements for holiness and the thoroughness of the sacrificial system in dealing with sin.

It is the sin offering for the assembly
The sin offering was a crucial part of the sacrificial system, designed to atone for unintentional sins of the community. This communal aspect underscores the corporate responsibility of the people of Israel and their collective need for atonement. It points to the unity of the body of Christ, where believers are called to bear one another's burdens and seek forgiveness together. The sin offering prefigures Christ's atoning sacrifice, which was made once for all, covering the sins of the entire assembly of believers (Hebrews 10:10).

When a leader sins unintentionally
In the context of ancient Israel, leaders held significant responsibility for guiding the people in accordance with God's laws. The term "unintentionally" indicates that the sin was not committed with premeditated intent, reflecting the human propensity to err even among those in positions of authority. This highlights the need for leaders to remain vigilant and humble, acknowledging their own fallibility. The concept of unintentional sin is also seen in Numbers 15:22-29, where provisions are made for atonement, emphasizing God's grace and the importance of maintaining purity within the community.

and does what is prohibited by any of the commandments of the LORD his God
The commandments of the LORD refer to the laws given to Moses on Mount Sinai, which encompass moral, ceremonial, and civil aspects of life. These commandments were designed to set Israel apart as a holy nation (Exodus 19:5-6). The phrase underscores the comprehensive nature of God's law, covering all aspects of life and leadership. It also reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to His commandments was a sign of faithfulness and devotion. The leader's failure to adhere to these commandments, even unintentionally, disrupts this covenant relationship.

he incurs guilt
Guilt in this context is not merely a feeling but a legal and spiritual state that requires rectification. The sacrificial system outlined in Leviticus provided a means for atonement and restoration of the relationship between the sinner and God. This reflects the seriousness with which God views sin, even when committed unintentionally, and the necessity of addressing it to maintain holiness within the community. The concept of guilt and atonement foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who provides the final and complete atonement for sin (Hebrews 9:11-14), offering redemption and reconciliation with God.

When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed
This phrase highlights the importance of awareness and acknowledgment of sin in the process of atonement. In the ancient Israelite context, sin could be committed unintentionally, and the realization of such sin was crucial for maintaining a right relationship with God. This reflects the broader biblical theme of repentance and confession, as seen in passages like Psalm 32:5, where David acknowledges his sin to God. The awareness of sin is a step toward reconciliation and is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are called to confess their sins (1 John 1:9).

he must bring an unblemished male goat as his offering
The requirement for an unblemished male goat underscores the need for purity and perfection in sacrificial offerings, symbolizing the holiness of God and the seriousness of sin. The male goat, often used in sin offerings, represents substitutionary atonement, where the animal bears the penalty of the sinner. This foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who was without blemish or defect (1 Peter 1:19). The emphasis on an unblemished offering points to the necessity of Christ's sinless nature for the efficacy of His atoning work. The sacrificial system established in Leviticus sets the stage for understanding the sacrificial death of Christ as the fulfillment of the law's requirements.

He is to lay his hand on the head of the goat
This act of laying hands symbolizes the transfer of sin from the individual to the animal. It signifies identification with the sacrifice, acknowledging the need for atonement. This practice is rooted in the ancient Near Eastern customs of transferring guilt or blessing through physical touch. It prefigures the laying of sins on Christ, the ultimate sin-bearer (Isaiah 53:6).

and slaughter it
The slaughtering of the goat represents the seriousness of sin and the necessity of bloodshed for atonement, as life is in the blood (Leviticus 17:11). This foreshadows the sacrificial death of Jesus, who was crucified for the sins of humanity (Hebrews 9:22).

at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered
The location is significant, as it is the same place where burnt offerings, symbolizing complete dedication to God, are made. This indicates that the sin offering is also an act of worship and dedication. The centralization of sacrifice at the tabernacle underscores the importance of approaching God in the prescribed manner, pointing to Christ as the sole mediator (1 Timothy 2:5).

before the LORD
This phrase emphasizes that the act is done in the presence of God, highlighting His holiness and the need for purification to maintain fellowship with Him. It reflects the understanding that all sin is ultimately against God (Psalm 51:4).

It is a sin offering.
The sin offering is distinct from other offerings, specifically addressing unintentional sins and providing a means for reconciliation with God. It underscores the gravity of sin and the provision of grace through sacrifice. This offering typifies Christ's atoning work, who became sin for us so that we might become the righteousness of God (2 Corinthians 5:21).

Then the priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger
In the sacrificial system, the priest acts as a mediator between God and the people. The use of blood signifies atonement, as life is in the blood (Leviticus 17:11). The priest's role in handling the blood underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for purification. This act foreshadows the ultimate mediation of Christ, who offers His own blood for the atonement of humanity's sins (Hebrews 9:12).

put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
The horns of the altar symbolize strength and power. By applying the blood to the horns, the priest consecrates the altar, making it a place where atonement is achieved. This act signifies the transfer of sin from the individual to the altar, pointing to the future sacrifice of Jesus, who bears the sins of the world (John 1:29). The altar of burnt offering, located in the Tabernacle's courtyard, was central to Israelite worship and sacrificial practices.

and pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar
Pouring the remaining blood at the base of the altar signifies the complete offering of life to God. This act of pouring out represents the total surrender and cleansing from sin. It prefigures the complete sacrifice of Christ, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Matthew 26:28). The base of the altar, being the foundation, symbolizes the grounding of the covenant relationship between God and His people, established through sacrificial atonement.

He must burn all its fat on the altar
In the sacrificial system of ancient Israel, the burning of fat on the altar was a significant ritual act. The fat, considered the best part of the animal, was reserved for God, symbolizing the offering of the best to Him. This act of burning the fat was a way to honor God and acknowledge His holiness. The altar, located in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple, was the central place of worship and sacrifice, representing God's presence among His people. The burning of fat also served as a reminder of the need for purity and dedication in worship.

like the fat of the peace offerings
The peace offerings, or fellowship offerings, were sacrifices that symbolized reconciliation and communion with God. They were voluntary offerings expressing gratitude and fellowship. By comparing the sin offering to the peace offerings, the text emphasizes the importance of restoring a right relationship with God. The peace offerings were unique in that they allowed the offerer to partake in the meal, symbolizing shared fellowship with God. This connection highlights the communal aspect of worship and the restoration of peace between the sinner and God.

thus the priest will make atonement for that man’s sin
The role of the priest was crucial in the atonement process. As a mediator between God and the people, the priest performed the sacrificial rites to atone for sin. Atonement involved covering or cleansing sin, allowing the individual to be reconciled with God. This process foreshadowed the ultimate atonement made by Jesus Christ, who, as the perfect High Priest, offered Himself as the final sacrifice for sin. The priest's actions in the Old Testament were a type of Christ's redemptive work on the cross.

and he will be forgiven
Forgiveness was the ultimate goal of the sacrificial system, providing the sinner with a restored relationship with God. This forgiveness was not merely a legal pardon but a relational restoration, allowing the individual to continue in covenant fellowship with God. The assurance of forgiveness pointed to the grace and mercy of God, who provided a means for His people to be cleansed from sin. This concept of forgiveness is fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, whose sacrifice offers complete and eternal forgiveness for all who believe.

And if one of the common people
This phrase refers to the ordinary Israelites, distinguishing them from priests or leaders. In the context of ancient Israel, society was structured with clear roles, and the "common people" were the majority who did not hold religious or political office. This distinction emphasizes that God's laws applied to everyone, regardless of status, highlighting the universal nature of sin and accountability.

sins unintentionally
Unintentional sins are those committed out of ignorance or without deliberate intent. In the Levitical system, there was a recognition that not all sins were willful. This reflects God's understanding of human nature and the need for grace. The concept of unintentional sin is echoed in the New Testament, where Paul speaks of doing what he does not want to do (Romans 7:15-20), illustrating the struggle with sin inherent in human nature.

and does what is prohibited by any of the LORD’s commandments
This phrase underscores the importance of God's commandments as the standard for righteous living. The commandments were given to guide the Israelites in holiness and set them apart from other nations. The prohibitions were specific and detailed, covering various aspects of life, and breaking them, even unintentionally, was considered a serious matter. This reflects the holiness of God and the need for His people to live in accordance with His will.

he incurs guilt
Guilt here is not just a feeling but a legal and spiritual state before God. In the Levitical system, guilt required atonement through prescribed sacrifices. This points to the seriousness of sin and the need for reconciliation with God. The sacrificial system foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who bore the guilt of humanity on the cross, providing a way for believers to be reconciled to God (Hebrews 9:11-14).

When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed
This phrase highlights the importance of awareness and acknowledgment of sin in the process of atonement. In the context of Leviticus, the Israelites were given laws to follow, and sin was often a result of ignorance or oversight. The moment of becoming aware signifies a turning point where the individual recognizes their transgression against God's commandments. This awareness is crucial as it initiates the process of repentance and reconciliation with God. In the New Testament, awareness of sin is also emphasized, as seen in Romans 3:20, where the law is said to bring knowledge of sin.

he must bring an unblemished female goat
The requirement for an unblemished female goat underscores the necessity of offering something pure and without defect to God. This reflects the holiness and perfection that God demands. The use of a female goat, as opposed to a male, may indicate the lesser severity of the sin compared to other offerings that required a male animal. The concept of an unblemished sacrifice is a type of Christ, who is described as the Lamb without blemish or defect in 1 Peter 1:19. This foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, who was sinless and perfect.

as his offering for that sin
The offering serves as a tangible expression of repentance and a means to atone for the sin committed. In the sacrificial system, the offering was a substitutionary atonement, where the animal bore the penalty of the sin on behalf of the sinner. This practice points forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who offered Himself once for all as the atonement for humanity's sins, as explained in Hebrews 10:10. The offering also reflects the seriousness with which God views sin and the necessity of making amends to restore the relationship between the sinner and God.

He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering
This act of laying hands on the animal symbolizes the transfer of the individual's sin to the offering. It signifies identification with the sacrifice, acknowledging that the animal is taking the place of the sinner. This practice is rooted in the ancient Near Eastern customs where the laying on of hands was a gesture of blessing, commissioning, or transferring authority or guilt. In the broader biblical context, this act foreshadows the substitutionary atonement of Jesus Christ, who bore the sins of humanity on the cross (Isaiah 53:6, 2 Corinthians 5:21).

and slaughter it
The slaughtering of the animal represents the seriousness of sin and the necessity of bloodshed for atonement, as stated in Leviticus 17:11, "For the life of a creature is in the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for yourselves on the altar." This act prefigures the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, the Lamb of God, whose death provides the final atonement for sin (John 1:29, Hebrews 9:22).

at the place of the burnt offering
The location of the sacrifice is significant, as it is performed at the altar of burnt offering, which was situated in the courtyard of the Tabernacle (and later the Temple). This altar was central to Israelite worship and sacrificial practices, symbolizing the meeting place between God and man. The burnt offering, which was entirely consumed by fire, represents total dedication to God. The sin offering being slaughtered at this same place underscores the connection between atonement and consecration, pointing to the comprehensive work of Christ, who not only atones for sin but also sanctifies believers (Romans 12:1, Hebrews 10:10).

Then the priest is to take some of its blood with his finger
In the sacrificial system, the priest acts as a mediator between God and the people. The use of blood signifies atonement, as life is in the blood (Leviticus 17:11). The priest's role in handling the blood underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for purification. This act foreshadows Christ's role as the ultimate High Priest who offers His own blood for the atonement of humanity's sins (Hebrews 9:11-14).

put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
The horns of the altar symbolize strength and salvation. By applying blood to the horns, the priest consecrates the altar and signifies the power of the sacrifice to atone for sin. This act points to the power of Christ's sacrifice on the cross, which provides salvation and strength to believers (Psalm 18:2). The altar of burnt offering, located in the Tabernacle's outer court, was central to Israel's worship and sacrificial system.

and pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar
Pouring out the blood at the base of the altar signifies the complete offering of life to God. It represents the total surrender and dedication required in worship. This act prefigures the complete sacrifice of Jesus, who poured out His life unto death (Isaiah 53:12). The base of the altar, where the blood is poured, serves as a reminder of the foundation of atonement and reconciliation with God.

Then he is to remove all the fat
In the sacrificial system, the removal of fat symbolizes the offering of the best parts to God. Fat was considered the richest part of the animal, representing abundance and blessing. This act signifies giving God the choicest portions, reflecting the principle of offering our best to Him. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, fat was often associated with wealth and prosperity, making its offering a significant gesture of devotion.

just as it is removed from the peace offering
The peace offering, or "shelamim," was a voluntary sacrifice expressing thanksgiving and fellowship with God. The removal of fat in both the sin offering and the peace offering indicates a consistent ritual practice, emphasizing the importance of purity and dedication in worship. This connection highlights the continuity and unity of the sacrificial system, where different offerings share common elements, pointing to a holistic approach to atonement and worship.

and the priest is to burn it on the altar
The burning of the fat on the altar signifies the complete surrender of the offering to God. Fire in biblical symbolism often represents God's presence and purification. The altar, central to Israelite worship, serves as the meeting point between God and man, where sacrifices are made to atone for sin and express devotion. This act of burning transforms the physical offering into a spiritual one, ascending to God.

as a pleasing aroma to the LORD
The phrase "pleasing aroma" is a recurring motif in the Old Testament, indicating God's acceptance of the sacrifice. It suggests that the offering, when made according to God's instructions, is received favorably by Him. This concept is echoed in the New Testament, where Christ's sacrifice is described as a "fragrant offering" (Ephesians 5:2), drawing a parallel between the Old Testament sacrifices and the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus.

In this way the priest will make atonement for him
Atonement involves reconciliation between God and humanity, achieved through the sacrificial system. The priest acts as a mediator, performing the ritual to cover the sins of the individual. This foreshadows the role of Jesus Christ as the ultimate High Priest, who makes atonement for humanity through His sacrifice on the cross, as described in Hebrews 9:11-14.

and he will be forgiven
Forgiveness is the ultimate goal of the sacrificial system, restoring the relationship between the sinner and God. This assurance of forgiveness reflects God's mercy and grace, foundational themes throughout Scripture. The concept of forgiveness through sacrifice is fulfilled in the New Testament, where Jesus' death and resurrection provide complete and eternal forgiveness for those who believe, as seen in passages like 1 John 1:9.

If, however, he brings a lamb as a sin offering
In the Levitical sacrificial system, the sin offering was a crucial aspect of atonement for unintentional sins. The use of a lamb highlights the accessibility of the offering, as lambs were common livestock among the Israelites. This provision allowed individuals of varying economic status to participate in the sacrificial system. The lamb as a sin offering foreshadows Christ, who is referred to as the "Lamb of God" (John 1:29), symbolizing His role in taking away the sins of the world. The offering of a lamb also connects to the Passover lamb, which was a symbol of deliverance and protection (Exodus 12).

he must bring an unblemished female
The requirement for the lamb to be unblemished signifies the need for purity and perfection in the sacrifice, reflecting God's holiness. This mirrors the necessity for Christ to be sinless in order to be the perfect sacrifice for humanity's sins (Hebrews 4:15). The specification of a female lamb is unique to the sin offering, as other offerings often required a male. This distinction may emphasize the completeness and sufficiency of the offering, as well as the inclusivity of God's provision for atonement. The unblemished nature of the offering underscores the importance of giving God the best, a principle seen throughout the Old Testament sacrificial system.

And he is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering
This act of laying hands on the animal symbolizes the transfer of the individual's sin to the offering. It signifies identification with the sacrifice, acknowledging that the animal is taking the place of the sinner. This practice is rooted in the ancient Near Eastern customs of substitutionary atonement. It foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who bore the sins of humanity. The laying on of hands is also seen in other parts of Scripture, such as in the ordination of priests (Numbers 8:10) and the commissioning of leaders (Acts 13:3).

and slaughter it as a sin offering
The slaughtering of the animal represents the seriousness of sin and the necessity of bloodshed for atonement, as stated in Hebrews 9:22, "without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness." This act is a vivid reminder of the cost of sin and the need for a substitute to bear the penalty. The sin offering is distinct from other offerings, such as the burnt offering, in its specific purpose of atonement for unintentional sins. This reflects the holiness of God and the need for purity among His people.

at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered
The location for the slaughtering of the sin offering is significant, as it is the same place where the burnt offering is made. This indicates the interconnectedness of the offerings and the centrality of the altar in the sacrificial system. The burnt offering, which represents total dedication to God, complements the sin offering's focus on atonement. The shared location underscores the comprehensive nature of the sacrificial system in addressing both sin and devotion. This place, likely the altar of burnt offering in the Tabernacle or Temple, is a sacred space where God meets with His people, as seen in Exodus 29:42-43.

Then the priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger
In the Levitical system, the priest acts as a mediator between God and the people. The use of blood signifies atonement, as blood represents life (Leviticus 17:11). The priest's role in handling the blood underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for purification. This act foreshadows Christ's role as the ultimate High Priest (Hebrews 9:11-14), who offers His own blood for the atonement of humanity's sins.

put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
The altar of burnt offering, located in the Tabernacle's outer court, was central to Israel's sacrificial system. The horns of the altar symbolize strength and salvation (Psalm 18:2). Applying blood to the horns signifies the transfer of sin and the plea for divine mercy. This act points to the power of Christ's sacrifice, which provides salvation and strength to believers (Romans 1:16).

and pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar
Pouring the remaining blood at the altar's base signifies the complete offering of life to God. It represents the total surrender and cleansing from sin. This act prefigures the complete and sufficient sacrifice of Jesus, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Matthew 26:28). The base of the altar, being the foundation, highlights the foundational nature of Christ's sacrifice in the believer's faith.

And he shall remove all the fat
In the sacrificial system, the removal of fat symbolizes the offering of the best part to God. Fat was considered the richest part of the animal, representing abundance and blessing. This act signifies giving God the choicest portion, reflecting the principle of offering our best to Him.

just as the fat of the lamb is removed from the peace offerings
The peace offering, or fellowship offering, was a voluntary act of worship, symbolizing peace and fellowship with God. The removal of fat in both sin and peace offerings indicates a consistent practice in sacrificial rituals, emphasizing the importance of purity and dedication in worship.

and he shall burn it on the altar
Burning the fat on the altar signifies the complete surrender of the offering to God. The altar, central to Israelite worship, represents a place of divine-human interaction. The act of burning transforms the physical into a pleasing aroma to the Lord, symbolizing acceptance.

along with the food offerings to the LORD
Food offerings, or grain offerings, were often presented alongside animal sacrifices. They represent sustenance and provision, acknowledging God's role as the provider. This combination of offerings underscores the holistic nature of worship, involving both material and spiritual elements.

In this way the priest will make atonement for him
Atonement involves reconciliation between God and humanity. The priest acts as a mediator, foreshadowing the ultimate mediation of Christ. This process highlights the seriousness of sin and the necessity of a sacrificial system to restore fellowship with God.

for the sin he has committed
Sin, in this context, refers to unintentional transgressions against God's commandments. The sacrificial system provided a means for dealing with sin, emphasizing God's holiness and the need for repentance and purification.

and he will be forgiven
Forgiveness is a central theme in the sacrificial system, pointing to God's mercy and grace. This assurance of forgiveness prefigures the ultimate forgiveness offered through Jesus Christ, whose sacrifice provides complete atonement for sin.