The "Reading of the Law" refers to the public proclamation and recitation of the Mosaic Law, a practice deeply rooted in the religious and communal life of ancient Israel. This tradition underscores the importance of the Law as the foundation of Israel's covenant relationship with God and serves as a means of instruction, remembrance, and renewal of commitment to God's commandments.

Biblical Foundation

The practice of reading the Law publicly is first commanded in the Torah. In Deuteronomy 31:10-13, Moses instructs the Israelites to read the Law every seven years during the Feast of Tabernacles: "Then Moses commanded them, 'At the end of every seven years, at the appointed time in the year of remission, during the Feast of Tabernacles, when all Israel comes to appear before the LORD your God at the place He will choose, you shall read this law in the hearing of all Israel. Assemble the people—men, women, children, and the foreigners within your gates—so that they may listen and learn to fear the LORD your God and to follow carefully all the words of this law.'"

This command highlights the inclusive nature of the reading, involving all members of the community, including children and foreigners, emphasizing the universal application and importance of the Law.

Historical Instances

Several significant instances of the public reading of the Law are recorded in the Old Testament. One notable event occurs during the reign of King Josiah. Upon discovering the Book of the Law in the temple, Josiah initiates a religious reform by reading it to the people, leading to a national renewal of the covenant (2 Kings 23:1-3).

Another prominent example is found in the post-exilic period under the leadership of Ezra and Nehemiah. In Nehemiah 8:1-8, Ezra the scribe reads the Law to the assembled Israelites in Jerusalem. This event is marked by a profound communal response, as the people listen attentively, and the Levites help them understand the reading: "They read from the Book of the Law of God, clearly and with interpretation, so that the people could understand the reading." (Nehemiah 8:8)

Theological Significance

The reading of the Law serves several theological purposes. It acts as a reminder of God's covenant with Israel, reinforcing the identity of the Israelites as God's chosen people. The public reading also functions as a tool for education, ensuring that each generation understands the requirements and blessings of the covenant.

Moreover, the reading of the Law is an act of worship and reverence, acknowledging God's sovereignty and authority. It calls the community to repentance and renewal, as seen in the responses of Josiah's and Ezra's audiences, who were moved to recommit themselves to the covenant.

Contemporary Reflections

In contemporary Christian practice, the reading of Scripture during worship services echoes the ancient tradition of the public reading of the Law. It serves as a reminder of the continuity of God's Word and its central role in guiding the faith and practice of believers. The emphasis on Scripture reading in worship highlights the enduring relevance of God's commandments and the call to live in accordance with His will.