The Tribe of Issachar is one of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Issachar, the fifth son of Jacob and Leah. The name "Issachar" is often interpreted to mean "reward" or "recompense," reflecting Leah's sentiment upon his birth (Genesis 30:18). The tribe is noted for its role in the history of Israel, its strategic location, and its participation in significant biblical events.

Territory and Location

The territory of Issachar was located in the fertile region of the Jezreel Valley, extending to the Jordan River. This area was known for its agricultural productivity, which is reflected in the blessing given by Jacob: "Issachar is a strong donkey, lying down between the sheepfolds. He saw that his resting place was good and that the land was pleasant; so he bent his shoulder to the burden and submitted to labor as a servant" (Genesis 49:14-15). The tribe's land included key cities such as Jezreel, Shunem, and Mount Tabor.

Role in Israel's History

Issachar played a significant role in the history of Israel, particularly during the period of the Judges and the united monarchy. The tribe is noted for its wisdom and understanding of the times, as described in 1 Chronicles 12:32: "From the sons of Issachar, men who understood the times and knew what Israel should do, 200 chiefs with all their kinsmen at their command."

During the time of the Judges, Issachar supported Deborah and Barak in their battle against Sisera, the commander of the Canaanite army. Judges 5:15 highlights their involvement: "The princes of Issachar were with Deborah; yes, Issachar was with Barak, sent under his command into the valley."

Mount Gerizim and the Blessings

One of the significant events involving the Tribe of Issachar was their participation in the covenant renewal ceremony on Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal. As the Israelites entered the Promised Land, they were instructed to pronounce blessings and curses from these two mountains. Issachar was among the tribes assigned to stand on Mount Gerizim to pronounce the blessings (Deuteronomy 27:12). This act symbolized their commitment to the covenant and their role in affirming the blessings of obedience to God's law.

Census and Military Contribution

In the wilderness, the Tribe of Issachar was counted twice in the census taken by Moses. The first census recorded 54,400 men able to go to war (Numbers 1:29), and the second census, taken near the end of the wilderness journey, recorded 64,300 men (Numbers 26:25). This increase in numbers reflects the tribe's growth and its capacity to contribute to Israel's military strength.

Prophetic Significance

The Tribe of Issachar is also mentioned in the prophetic literature, where its future is alluded to in the blessings of Moses. In Deuteronomy 33:18-19, Moses blesses Issachar alongside Zebulun, highlighting their prosperity and participation in the worship of the Lord: "Rejoice, O Zebulun, in your going out, and you, Issachar, in your tents. They will summon the peoples to the mountain; there they will offer sacrifices of righteousness, for they will feast on the abundance of the seas and the hidden treasures of the sand."

Legacy

The legacy of the Tribe of Issachar is one of wisdom, understanding, and faithful participation in the life of Israel. Their strategic location and agricultural wealth contributed to their influence, while their role in key biblical events underscored their importance in the narrative of God's people. The tribe's willingness to bear burdens and their discernment of the times remain enduring aspects of their biblical portrayal.Deuteronomy 27:12
These shall stand on mount Gerizim to bless the people, when you are come over Jordan; Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar, and Joseph, and Benjamin:
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Who was Leah in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

What is the significance of Mount Tabor in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

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