and He loves the foreigner
The inclusion of the foreigner, or "sojourner," underscores the universality of God's love and justice. In the ancient Near East, foreigners often had no legal rights or social standing, making them vulnerable to exploitation. God's love for the foreigner is a recurring theme in the Old Testament (Leviticus 19:34), where Israel is reminded of their own history as foreigners in Egypt. This love is not merely emotional but is demonstrated through tangible actions, setting a precedent for the inclusion of Gentiles in the New Testament (Ephesians 2:12-19). The love for the foreigner foreshadows the breaking down of ethnic barriers in Christ (Galatians 3:28).

giving him food and clothing
Providing food and clothing signifies meeting basic human needs, reflecting God's provision and care. In the context of Deuteronomy, this provision is part of the covenantal relationship between God and His people, where obedience to His commands includes caring for the needy (Deuteronomy 14:28-29). This act of giving is a practical expression of love and justice, aligning with Jesus' teachings in the New Testament, where He emphasizes caring for the "least of these" (Matthew 25:35-36). The provision of food and clothing also symbolizes God's sufficiency and faithfulness, themes that resonate throughout Scripture (Philippians 4:19).

Deuteronomy 10:18 opens by declaring, “He executes justice for the fatherless and widow.” This reveals God’s active role in defending those who can’t defend themselves.

• Throughout Scripture the Lord calls Himself “a father to the fatherless, a defender of widows” (Psalm 68:5), underscoring that this is not a one-time promise but a consistent part of His character.

• Isaiah 1:17 urges Israel, “Uphold the rights of the fatherless; plead the cause of the widow,” echoing God’s expectation that His people reflect His heart.

• Psalm 146:9 reassures us that “The LORD protects the foreigners; He sustains the fatherless and widow,” tying together all three vulnerable groups named in Deuteronomy 10:18.

When Israel heard Moses speak these words, they were reminded that their covenant God personally steps into the courtroom on behalf of orphans and widows. In every generation, believers are called to do the same—seeing social justice not as a trend but as obedience to the God who literally executes justice for the powerless.

The verse continues, “and He loves the foreigner.” God’s love is not restricted by national borders or ethnic lines.

• Earlier legislation warned, “You must not mistreat or oppress a foreigner, for you were foreigners in Egypt” (Exodus 22:21).

• Leviticus 19:34 raises the bar: “The foreigner living among you must be treated as your native-born. Love him as yourself.”

• Moses drives the point home in the very next verse, “You are also to love the foreigner, since you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt” (Deuteronomy 10:19).

• Centuries later, Ruth the Moabitess experienced this divine hospitality through Boaz, pointing forward to the way Gentiles would be welcomed into God’s family (Ephesians 2:19).

The Lord’s love for foreigners displays His universal grace and anticipates the gospel’s reach “to the ends of the earth” (Acts 1:8).

God’s love shows up in practical ways: “giving him food and clothing.” This is more than sentiment; it is tangible provision.

• Jesus highlighted the Father’s caring provision when He said, “Your heavenly Father knows that you need them” (Matthew 6:32).

• Paul echoed the same truth: “My God will supply all your needs according to His riches in glory in Christ Jesus” (Philippians 4:19).

• James presses believers to act likewise: “If a brother or sister is without clothes and daily food… what good is it if you do nothing?” (James 2:15-16).

• John adds, “If anyone has the world’s goods and sees his brother in need yet closes his heart… how does God’s love abide in him?” (1 John 3:17).

By citing food and clothing, Moses specifies necessities, assuring the outsider that God meets basic needs through His people’s obedience and through His own providence.

Deuteronomy 10:18 paints a vivid portrait of God’s righteous compassion: He personally secures justice for orphans and widows, extends covenant love to foreigners, and supplies their essential needs. The verse invites every believer to mirror that same heart—championing the vulnerable, welcoming the outsider, and meeting practical needs—because this is exactly how our God acts, yesterday, today, and forever.