Lexical Summary kakeinos: that one, he, she, it, those Original Word: ἐκεῖνος Strong's Exhaustive Concordance and him, him also, them alsoFrom kai and ekeinos; likewise that (or those) -- and him (other, them), even he, him also, them (also), (and) they. see GREEK kai see GREEK ekeinos NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom kai and ekeinos Definition and that one NASB Translation also (10), one (1), others (2), those (1), too (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 2548: κἀκεῖνοςκἀκεῖνος (Griesbach κἀκεῖνος; see κἀγώ and references), κακεινη, κακεινο (by crasis from καί and ἐκεῖνος (cf. Winers Grammar, § 5, 3; especially Tdf. Proleg., p. 97)); 1. ἐκεῖνος referring to the more remote subject; a. and he (Latinet ille): Luke 11:7; Luke 22:12; Acts 18:19; ταῦτα ... κἀκεῖνα (A. V. the other), Matthew 23:23; Luke 11:42. b. he also: Acts 15:11; Romans 11:23 (Rec.st καί ἐκεῖνος); 1 Corinthians 10:6. 2. ἐκεῖνος referring to the nearer subject (cf. ἐκεῖνος, 1 c.); a. and he (Latinet is, German und selbiger): Matthew 15:18; John 7:29; John 19:35 (L Tr WH καί ἐκεῖνος). b. he also (German auch selbiger): Matthew 20:4 (T WH καί ἐκεῖνος); Mark 12:4; Mark 16:11, 13; Luke 22:12; John 14:12; John 17:24. Topical Lexicon Compound Demonstrative of Addition and Contrast κἀκεῖνος and its related forms (“and that one / those”) join καί (“and”) with ἐκεῖνος (“that”). The compound therefore points to something already distinct from the immediate subject and adds it to the discussion. Whenever the inspired writers wished to maintain a clear distinction between “these” and “those,” yet still hold both groups or matters before the reader, κἀκεῖνος was the suited term. Occurrences that Contrast Spiritual Reality • Matthew 15:18 sets inward defilement (“the things coming out of the mouth”) over against external food laws. “But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these things defile the man.” κἀκεῖνα signals that the real problem is “those” inner things rather than mere dietary issues. Affirmation of a Wider Redemptive Purpose • John 10:16: “I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to My voice. Then there will be one flock and one Shepherd.” κἀκεῖνα stresses the inclusion of “those” other sheep—Gentiles—without displacing the Jewish fold. Witness and Unbelief • Mark 16:11, 16:13 describe disciples who “did not believe” the resurrection testimony. κἀκεῖνοι distinguishes the unbelieving audience from the faithful messengers, underscoring the necessity of personal faith. Prophetic Illustration in the Parables In the parable of the tenants (Mark 12:4-5; Luke 20:11) κἀκεῖνον marks the escalating mistreatment of successive servants. Each “other one” sent by the owner intensifies the guilt of the vine-dressers and paves the way for the sending of the beloved Son. The term aids the narrative rhythm that drives home Israel’s long-standing rejection of prophetic calls. Pastoral Use: Door-Closing and Door-Opening Because κἀκεῖνος often introduces a group or matter held at arm’s length, the Spirit employs it both to warn and to invite. Warnings: unbelief leaves one among “those” who fell short (Hebrews 4:2). Invitations: grace can transform “those” outsiders into one flock (John 10:16). The word therefore supports both the church’s call to separation from sin and its mission to embrace the nations. Historical and Doctrinal Significance Early church fathers drew upon κἀκεῖνος in debates over Jew-Gentile relations, citing John 10:16 and Acts 15:11 to defend the full inclusion of Gentiles without circumcision. Reformation commentators employed 1 Corinthians 10:6 and Hebrews 4:2 to maintain the unity of the covenants—one gospel heard by “those” in the wilderness and by believers today. Modern expositors continue to rely on κἀκεῖνος to show the consistent moral standards of God and the scope of His mercy. Ministry Application 1. Guard the heart: Matthew 15:18 reminds pastors that defilement arises from within; vigilant self-examination precedes effective ministry. Summary κἀκεῖνος and its cognates serve Scripture by holding two parties or matters in view—linking them yet keeping their distinction clear. Whether contrasting empty ritual with genuine righteousness, unbelief with faith, or Israel with the nations, the Spirit wields this compound pronoun to advance redemptive truth and call every reader into obedient trust in Jesus Christ. Forms and Transliterations κακεινα κακείνα κακείνά κἀκεῖνα κακεινοι κακείνοι κἀκεῖνοι κακείνοις κακεινον κακείνον κἀκεῖνον κακεινος κακείνος κακείνός κάκεινος κἀκεῖνος κἀκεῖνός κακεινους κακείνους κἀκείνους kakeina kakeîna kakeinoi kakeînoi kakeinon kakeînon kakeinos kakeînos kakeînós kakeinous kakeínousLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Matthew 15:18 DPro-NNP-CGRK: καρδίας ἐξέρχεται κἀκεῖνα κοινοῖ τὸν NAS: from the heart, and those defile KJV: the heart; and they defile INT: heart come forth and these defile the Matthew 23:23 DPro-NNP-C Mark 12:4 DPro-AMS-C Mark 12:5 DPro-AMS-C Mark 16:11 DPro-NMP-C Mark 16:13 DPro-NMP-C Luke 11:7 DPro-NMS-C Luke 11:42 DPro-NNP-C Luke 20:11 DPro-AMS-C Luke 22:12 DPro-NMS-C John 6:57 DPro-NMS-C John 7:29 DPro-NMS-C John 10:16 DPro-NNP-C John 14:12 DPro-NMS-C John 17:24 DPro-NMP-C Acts 5:37 DPro-NMS-C Acts 15:11 DPro-NMP-C Acts 18:19 DPro-AMP-C Romans 11:23 DPro-NMP-C 1 Corinthians 10:6 DPro-NMP-C 2 Timothy 2:12 DPro-NMS-C Hebrews 4:2 DPro-NMP-C Strong's Greek 2548 |
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