I will shake all the nations
This phrase indicates a divine intervention where God asserts His sovereignty over the nations. The "shaking" can be understood as a metaphor for political and social upheaval, which often precedes significant changes in history. This concept is echoed in Hebrews 12:26-27, where the shaking signifies the removal of what can be shaken, so that what cannot be shaken may remain. Historically, this could refer to the period of turmoil and transition during the Persian Empire, which allowed the Jewish exiles to return and rebuild the temple. It also foreshadows eschatological events where God will establish His ultimate kingdom.

and they will come with all their treasures
This suggests that the nations will bring their wealth to Jerusalem, contributing to the glory of the temple. This can be seen as a fulfillment of prophecies like Isaiah 60:5-7, where the wealth of nations is brought to Zion. In a historical context, this may refer to the support from the Persian Empire, which provided resources for the temple's reconstruction. Spiritually, it points to the gathering of Gentiles into the faith, bringing their gifts and talents into the service of God's kingdom.

and I will fill this house with glory
The "house" refers to the Second Temple, which was being rebuilt during Haggai's time. The promise of filling it with glory reassures the people that despite its humble beginnings, the temple will be honored by God's presence. This is reminiscent of the Shekinah glory that filled Solomon's Temple (1 Kings 8:10-11). Prophetically, it points to the coming of Jesus Christ, who is the ultimate manifestation of God's glory (John 1:14), and to the future glory of the New Jerusalem described in Revelation 21:22-26.

says the LORD of Hosts
This title emphasizes God's supreme authority and power as the commander of heavenly armies. It reassures the people of Judah that the promises made are backed by the might of the divine. The use of this title throughout the prophetic books underscores God's ability to accomplish His purposes despite human limitations and opposition. It serves as a reminder of God's covenant faithfulness and His commitment to fulfill His promises to His people.

1. Haggai
A prophet who delivered God's messages to the Jewish people during the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile.

2. The LORD of Hosts
A title for God emphasizing His sovereignty and command over the heavenly armies.

3. The Nations
Refers to the Gentile nations surrounding Israel, indicating a global scope of God's influence and power.

4. The House
The Second Temple in Jerusalem, which was being rebuilt during Haggai's prophetic ministry.

5. The Shaking
A metaphorical event indicating God's intervention in the world, leading to a transformation that brings glory to His house.God's Sovereignty Over Nations
God is in control of all nations and uses global events to fulfill His purposes. We can trust His sovereignty in our world today.

The Glory of God's House
The ultimate glory of God's house is not in its physical structure but in His presence. We should seek His presence in our lives and communities.

The Role of the Nations
God's plan includes all nations, and He desires for them to contribute to His glory. We should be open to how God might use diverse peoples and cultures in His kingdom work.

The Call to Faithfulness
Just as the Israelites were called to rebuild the temple, we are called to be faithful in building God's kingdom, trusting that He will provide the resources needed.

Anticipation of God's Kingdom
The shaking of the nations points to the coming of God's eternal kingdom. We should live with anticipation and readiness for His return.(7) And the desire of all nations shall come.--Better, and the precious things of all the nations shall come--scil., shall be brought as offerings. (Comp. Zephaniah 3:10; Zechariah 14:16.) So apparently the LXX., ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????. The rendering of the Authorised Version, which is based on Jerome's et venit desideratus cunctis gentibus, is grammatically impossible with the present text, for the verb "come" is plural, not singular. Its retention in some of the modern commentaries is mainly attributable to a natural unwillingness to give up a direct Messianic prophecy. Apart, however, from the grammatical difficulty, it must be remarked that the Messiah was not longed for by all nations, and that if He had been there would be no point in mentioning the fact in the present connection. On the other hand, the prediction of Gentile offerings to the Temple is most appropriate. It is the answer to those who sorrowed when they contrasted the mean appearance of this present house with the glories of that built by Solomon (Haggai 2:3). It also explains the otherwise meaningless utterance in Haggai 2:8. Another possible rendering is that adopted by Frst, and (at one time) by Ewald, "And the pick of the nations shall come," scil., with offerings to the Temple. The significance of the utterance is the same with either translation--scil., that by agencies not specified the Gentile world is to be converted and induced to offer worship and homage to Jehovah.

Verse 7. - All nations (Luke 21:25, where our Lord refers to the end of this world). But before Christ's first advent there was a general shaking of empires. Persia fell; Alexander's dominion was divided and gradually shattered before the might of Rome; Rome herself was torn with civil wars. The faith in the power of national gods was everywhere weakened, and men were prepared to receive the new revelation of one Supreme Deity, who came on earth to teach and save. Now is mentioned the object or consequence of this shaking of nations. The desire of all nations shall come. This is the rendering of the ancient Jewish expositors, the Chaldee Targum, and the Vulgate, which gives, Veniet desideratus cunctis gentibus. Tile words in this case point to a person, and this person can be no one else than the Messiaih for whom "all nations consciously or unconsciously yearn, in whom alone all the longings of the human heart find satisfaction" (Perowne). But there is difficulty in accepting this view. The word rendered "the desire" (chemdath) is singular, the verb "shall come" (bau) is plural, as if it was said in Latin, Venient desiderium omnium gentium. The LXX. translates, Ηξει τὰ ἐκλεκτὰ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν, "The choice things [or, 'portions'] of all the nations shall come." The plural verb seems fatal to the idea of a person being spoken of; nor is this objection answered by Dr. Pusey's allegation that the object of desire contains in itself many objects of desire, or Bishop Wordsworth's refinement, that Messiah is regarded as a collective Being, containing in his own Person the natures of God and man, and combining the three offices of Prophet, Priest, and King. Every one must see that both these explanations are forced and unnatural, and are conformed rather to theological considerations than to grammatical accuracy. Chemdah is used for "the object of desire," as 2 Chronicles 32:27, where it refers to Hezekiah's treasures, and 2 Chronicles 36:10, "the goodly vessels" of the temple (comp. Jeremiah 25:34; Nahum 2:9). Nowhere is any intimation given that it is a name applied to the Messiah; nowhere is any such explanation offered of the term so applied. The word is a common one; its meaning is well ascertained; and it could hardly have been understood in any but its usual acceptation without some preparation or further definition. This acceptation is confirmed by the mention of "the gold and silver" in ver. 8. The Revised Version cuts the knot by rendering, "the desirable things;" Perowne affirms that the plural verb denotes the manifoldness and variety of the gifts. This seems scarcely satisfactory. May it not be, as Knabenbauer suggests, that "the desire of all nations" forms one notion, in which the words, "all nations," have a predominating influence, and so the plural ensues by constructio ad sensum? The meaning, then, is that all nations with their wealth come, that the Gentiles shall devote their treasures, their powers, whatever they most highly prize, to the service of God. This is what is predicted elsewhere (e.g. Isaiah 55:5-7, 11, 13, 17), and it is called, metaphorically, coming with treasures to the temple. To hear of such a glorious future might well be a topic of consolation to the depressed Israelites. (For a further development of the same idea, see Revelation 21:24, 26.) I will fill this house with glory. There is a verbal allusion to the glory which filled Solomon's temple at the dedication (2 Chronicles 7:1), but the especial mode in which it is to be manifested in this case is not here mentioned. The previous clause would make the reference rather to the material offerings of the Gentiles, but a further and a deeper signification is connected with the advent of Messiah (as Malachi 3:1), with which the complete fulfilment commenced.

Parallel Commentaries ...


I will shake
וְהִרְעַשְׁתִּי֙ (wə·hir·‘aš·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7493: To undulate, through fear, to spring

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

the nations,
הַגּוֹיִ֔ם (hag·gō·w·yim)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1471: A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts

and they will come
וּבָ֖אוּ (ū·ḇā·’ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

with all [their] treasures,
חֶמְדַּ֣ת (ḥem·daṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 2532: Desire, delight

and I will fill
וּמִלֵּאתִ֞י (ū·mil·lê·ṯî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 4390: To fill, be full of

this
הַזֶּה֙ (haz·zeh)
Article | Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088: This, that

house
הַבַּ֤יִת (hab·ba·yiṯ)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1004: A house

with glory,
כָּב֔וֹד (kā·ḇō·wḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3519: Weight, splendor, copiousness

says
אָמַ֖ר (’ā·mar)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

the LORD
יְהוָ֥ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

of Hosts.
צְבָאֽוֹת׃ (ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ)
Noun - common plural
Strong's 6635: A mass of persons, reg, organized for, war, a campaign


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OT Prophets: Haggai 2:7 And I will shake all nations (Hagg. Hag. Hg)