1Brothers, I do not want you to be ignorant (unknowing) that all our fathers were under the cloud and all passed through the sea, 2And all were baptized unto (into) Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 3And all ate the same spiritual food, 4And all drank the same spiritual drink, for they drank from out of the spiritual rock (petra- large mass of connected rock, projecting rock/cliff) following (accompanying, walk the same road) them, and the rock was Christ. 5Nevertheless, God was not well-pleased with most (many) of them, for they were overthrown (strewn/scattered down on the ground) in the wilderness (desolate/solitary area, desert, an uncultivated/unpopulated place, latin- deserto).

6Now these things have become types (repeated model) for us to not be eager cravers after malices (evil foul things, kakon), as they also craved. 7Neither be idolaters as some of them, as it has been written, “The people sat down to eat and to drink and rose up to play.” 8Neither should we commit fornication as some of them committed fornication and twenty-three thousand fell in one day. 9Neither should we test (tempt) Christ as some of them tested (tempted) and by serpents (snakes, latin-serpentibus) perished (fully destroy, cut off entirely). 10Neither are you to grumble (murmur or mutter with muffled undertones with smoldering discontent) as some of them grumbled and perished (fully destroyed) under (by) the destroyer. 11Now these things happened to them as types and were written with admonition (warning, setting/placing the understanding, reasoning by warning) to us, to whom the ends (consummations) of the ages have arrived (come down to, reached). 12Therefore let the one supposing he stands take heed (see, look, be observant, watchful) lest he fall (fall under). 13No temptation has taken you except what is human (belonging to humans). God is faithful and He will not allow (leave, let alone) you to be tempted (tested) beyond (above) what you are able, but rather will make with the temptation also the escape (successful way out, exit, outcome, move forward out from and to) to be able to bear under it.

14Therefore, my beloved, flee (shun) away from idolatry. 15I speak as to sensible ones (practically wise ones, savvy intelligent, prudent, relates to how we size things up): judge for yourselves what I say. 16The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a sharing (koinonia- what is shared in common as a basis of fellowship) in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break is it not a sharing in the body of Christ? 17Since there is one bread, we are the many, one body, for all partake of the one bread. 18Behold Israel according to the flesh: Are not those eating the sacrifices fellow-partakers in the altar? 19What then do I mean (shine, bring to light by asserting one view over another, speak comparatively)? That sacrificed to idols is anything or that an idol is anything? 20Rather that what the ethnicities sacrifice to demons, they do not sacrifice to God. And I do not wish you to be fellow-partakers with demons. 21You are not able to drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You are not able to partake of the table of the Lord and of the table of demons. 22Or do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger (mightier, more powerful) than He?

23All things are permissible (possible, latin- licent for license), but rather not all things are beneficial. All things are permissible but rather not all upbuild. 24Let no one seek that of himself, but rather that of the other (heterou- other of a different kind). 25Eat everything being sold in the meat market without inquiring (examining) on account of conscience. 26For the earth is the Lord’s and the fullness (sum total) of it. 27If anyone unbelieving calls you and you wish to go, eat everything being set before you without inquiring (examining) on account of conscience. 28But if anyone should say to you, “This is sacrificed to idols.” Do not eat it on account of him having made it known and conscience. For the earth is the Lord’s and the fullness of it. 29I am not saying your own conscience, but rather that of the other (other of a different kind): for why is my liberty judged by another’s conscience? 30If I partake with grace (charity- grace, kindness, thankfulness), why am I blasphemed (refuse to acknowledge good, speak evil against reputation) for that which I give thanks (give good grace)?

31Therefore, whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do all things to the glory of God. 32Become you without cause for stumbling to Jews and Greeks and to the church of God. 33Just as I also please everyone in all things, not seeking my own benefit, but rather that of the many, that they might be saved.