Nehemiah 13:20
New International Version
Once or twice the merchants and sellers of all kinds of goods spent the night outside Jerusalem.

New Living Translation
The merchants and tradesmen with a variety of wares camped outside Jerusalem once or twice.

English Standard Version
Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice.

Berean Standard Bible
Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

King James Bible
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

New King James Version
Now the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice.

New American Standard Bible
Once or twice the traders and merchants of every kind of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem.

NASB 1995
Once or twice the traders and merchants of every kind of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem.

NASB 1977
Once or twice the traders and merchants of every kind of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem.

Legacy Standard Bible
Once or twice the traders and merchants of every kind of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem.

Amplified Bible
So once or twice the merchants and sellers of every kind of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem.

Christian Standard Bible
Once or twice the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Once or twice the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

American Standard Version
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of wares lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

Contemporary English Version
Once or twice some merchants spent the night outside Jerusalem with their goods.

English Revised Version
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Once or twice merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods spent the night outside Jerusalem.

Good News Translation
Once or twice merchants who sold all kinds of goods spent Friday night outside the city walls.

International Standard Version
As a result, the merchants and sellers of all sorts of goods remained outside Jerusalem a couple of times.

Majority Standard Bible
Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

NET Bible
The traders and sellers of all kinds of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem once or twice.

New Heart English Bible
So the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside of Jerusalem once or twice.

Webster's Bible Translation
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of wares lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

World English Bible
So the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares camped outside of Jerusalem once or twice.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they lodge—the merchants and sellers of all ware—at the outside of Jerusalem, once or twice,

Young's Literal Translation
And they lodge -- the merchants and sellers of all ware -- at the outside of Jerusalem, once or twice,

Smith's Literal Translation
And the merchants and those selling every selling will lodge from without to Jerusalem once and twice.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
So the merchants, and they that sold all kinds of wares, stayed without Jerusalem once or twice.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And so the merchants and those who sold all kinds of items remained just outside of Jerusalem, once and again.

New American Bible
The merchants and sellers of various kinds of merchandise spent the night once or twice outside Jerusalem,

New Revised Standard Version
Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of merchandise spent the night outside Jerusalem once or twice.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
So the merchants and the sellers of all kinds of merchandise lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Merchants and Buyers of selling lodged outside of Jerusalem a day or two.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
So all the merchants lodged, and carried on traffic without Jerusalem once or twice.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Sabbath Restored
19When the evening shadows began to fall on the gates of Jerusalem, just before the Sabbath, I ordered that the gates be shut and not opened until after the Sabbath. I posted some of my servants at the gates so that no load could enter on the Sabbath day. 20Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem, 21but I warned them, “Why are you camping in front of the wall? If you do it again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on, they did not return on the Sabbath.…

Cross References
Exodus 20:8-11
Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. / Six days you shall labor and do all your work, / but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant or livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates. ...

Deuteronomy 5:12-15
Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy, as the LORD your God has commanded you. / Six days you shall labor and do all your work, / but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your ox or donkey or any of your livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates, so that your manservant and maidservant may rest as you do. ...

Isaiah 58:13-14
If you turn your foot from breaking the Sabbath, from doing as you please on My holy day, if you call the Sabbath a delight, and the LORD’s holy day honorable, if you honor it by not going your own way or seeking your own pleasure or speaking idle words, / then you will delight yourself in the LORD, and I will make you ride on the heights of the land and feed you with the heritage of your father Jacob.” For the mouth of the LORD has spoken.

Jeremiah 17:21-27
This is what the LORD says: Take heed for yourselves; do not carry a load or bring it through the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. / You must not carry a load out of your houses or do any work on the Sabbath day, but you must keep the Sabbath day holy, just as I commanded your forefathers. / Yet they would not listen or incline their ear, but they stiffened their necks and would not listen or receive My discipline. ...

Ezekiel 20:12-24
I also gave them My Sabbaths as a sign between us, so that they would know that I am the LORD who sanctifies them. / Yet the house of Israel rebelled against Me in the wilderness. They did not follow My statutes and they rejected My ordinances—though the man who does these things will live by them—and they utterly profaned My Sabbaths. Then I resolved to pour out My wrath upon them and put an end to them in the wilderness. / But I acted for the sake of My name, so that it would not be profaned in the eyes of the nations in whose sight I had brought them out. ...

Amos 8:5
asking, “When will the New Moon be over, that we may sell grain? When will the Sabbath end, that we may market wheat? Let us reduce the ephah and increase the shekel; let us cheat with dishonest scales.

Matthew 12:1-8
At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat them. / When the Pharisees saw this, they said to Him, “Look, Your disciples are doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath.” / Jesus replied, “Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? ...

Mark 2:23-28
One Sabbath Jesus was passing through the grainfields, and His disciples began to pick the heads of grain as they walked along. / So the Pharisees said to Him, “Look, why are they doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?” / Jesus replied, “Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need? ...

Luke 6:1-5
One Sabbath Jesus was passing through the grainfields, and His disciples began to pick the heads of grain, rub them in their hands, and eat them. / But some of the Pharisees asked, “Why are you doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?” / Jesus replied, “Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? ...

John 5:9-18
Immediately the man was made well, and he picked up his mat and began to walk. Now this happened on the Sabbath day, / so the Jews said to the man who had been healed, “This is the Sabbath! It is unlawful for you to carry your mat.” / But he answered, “The man who made me well told me, ‘Pick up your mat and walk.’” ...

John 7:22-24
But because Moses gave you circumcision, you circumcise a boy on the Sabbath (not that it is from Moses, but from the patriarchs.) / If a boy can be circumcised on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses will not be broken, why are you angry with Me for making the whole man well on the Sabbath? / Stop judging by outward appearances, and start judging justly.”

Acts 13:42-44
As Paul and Barnabas were leaving the synagogue, the people urged them to continue this message on the next Sabbath. / After the synagogue was dismissed, many of the Jews and devout converts to Judaism followed Paul and Barnabas, who spoke to them and urged them to continue in the grace of God. / On the following Sabbath, nearly the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord.

Acts 15:21
For Moses has been proclaimed in every city from ancient times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath.”

Romans 14:5-6
One person regards a certain day above the others, while someone else considers every day alike. Each one should be fully convinced in his own mind. / He who observes a special day does so to the Lord; he who eats does so to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and he who abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God.

Colossians 2:16-17
Therefore let no one judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a feast, a New Moon, or a Sabbath. / These are a shadow of the things to come, but the body that casts it belongs to Christ.


Treasury of Scripture

So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

Jump to Previous
Dealers Goods Jerusalem Kind Kinds Lodged Merchandise Merchants Night Night's Once Outside Rest Sellers Sorts Spent Traders Twice Ware Wares
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Dealers Goods Jerusalem Kind Kinds Lodged Merchandise Merchants Night Night's Once Outside Rest Sellers Sorts Spent Traders Twice Ware Wares
Nehemiah 13
1. Upon the reading of the law, separation is made from the mixed multitude.
4. Nehemiah, at his return, causes the chambers to be cleansed.
10. He reforms the offices in the house of God;
15. the violation of the Sabbath;
23. and the marriages with the strange wives.














Once or twice
This phrase indicates a repeated action, though not continuous. In the context of Nehemiah's reforms, it suggests that the merchants attempted to breach the Sabbath regulations more than once, showing persistence in their commercial endeavors. The Hebrew root here implies a limited frequency, emphasizing Nehemiah's vigilance and the merchants' determination. Historically, this reflects the ongoing struggle to maintain religious purity and adherence to the Law amidst external pressures.

the merchants
Merchants in ancient times were crucial for the economy, often traveling long distances to trade goods. The Hebrew term used here can denote traders or peddlers, highlighting their role in society. In the context of Nehemiah, these merchants represent the external influences that threatened to undermine the sanctity of the Sabbath. Their presence outside Jerusalem signifies the tension between economic activity and religious observance, a recurring theme in the post-exilic community striving to reestablish its identity.

and those who sell all kinds of goods
This phrase expands on the variety and scope of commerce that was taking place. The Hebrew words suggest a wide array of merchandise, indicating a bustling trade environment. This diversity of goods underscores the temptation and challenge faced by the Israelites to maintain their distinctiveness and obedience to God's commandments. It serves as a reminder of the pervasive nature of worldly distractions that can lead believers away from spiritual commitments.

camped outside Jerusalem
The act of camping outside the city walls is significant. It shows the merchants' determination to conduct business despite the restrictions imposed by Nehemiah. The Hebrew root for "camped" conveys a sense of temporary settlement, suggesting that these traders were waiting for an opportunity to enter the city. Archaeologically, this reflects the strategic importance of Jerusalem as a commercial hub and the protective measures taken to preserve its sanctity. Spiritually, it symbolizes the constant vigilance required to guard against influences that can compromise one's faith and community values.

(20) Once or twice.--For a time they lodged outside; the unseemliness of this, and the evidence it gave that they were only waiting to evade the law, made Nehemiah testify in word, and threaten forcible action. This effectually removed the evil.

Verse 20. - The merchants lodged without. The merchants could not leave their wares unguarded; and the wares not being admitted into the town, they were obliged to camp out. Thus a crowd was collected about the gates, and a disturbance and excitement caused, which was unsuitable for the sabbath. To prevent this, Nehemiah threatened to arrest the merchants, whereupon the practice was given up (ver. 21).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Once
פַּ֥עַם (pa·‘am)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 6471: A beat, foot, anvil, occurrence

or twice,
וּשְׁתָּֽיִם׃ (ū·šə·tā·yim)
Conjunctive waw | Number - fd
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

the merchants
הָרֹכְלִ֜ים (hā·rō·ḵə·lîm)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 7402: To travel for, trading

and those who sell
וּמֹכְרֵ֧י (ū·mō·ḵə·rê)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4376: To sell

all kinds
כָל־ (ḵāl)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

of goods
מִמְכָּ֛ר (mim·kār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4465: Merchandise, a selling

camped
וַיָּלִ֨ינוּ (way·yā·lî·nū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3885: To stop, to stay permanently, to be obstinate

outside
מִח֥וּץ (mi·ḥūṣ)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2351: Separate by a, wall, outside, outdoors

Jerusalem,
לִירוּשָׁלִָ֖ם (lî·rū·šā·lim)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3389: Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel


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OT History: Nehemiah 13:20 So the merchants and sellers of all (Neh Ne)
Nehemiah 13:19
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