Esther 9:10
New International Version
the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. But they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

New Living Translation
the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. But they did not take any plunder.

English Standard Version
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, but they laid no hand on the plunder.

Berean Standard Bible
They killed these ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

King James Bible
The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, slew they; but on the spoil laid they not their hand.

New King James Version
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews—they killed; but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

New American Standard Bible
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

NASB 1995
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

NASB 1977
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

Legacy Standard Bible
the 10 sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ adversary; but they did not send forth their hand for the plunder.

Amplified Bible
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

Christian Standard Bible
They killed these ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. However, they did not seize any plunder.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
They killed these 10 sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. However, they did not seize any plunder.

American Standard Version
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jew's enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.

English Revised Version
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
These were the ten sons of Haman, who was the son of Hammedatha and the enemy of the Jews. But the Jews did not seize any of their possessions.

International Standard Version
the ten sons of Hammedatha's son Haman, the enemy of the Jewish people, but they did not lay their hands on the spoils.

Majority Standard Bible
They killed these ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

NET Bible
the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. But they did not confiscate their property.

New Heart English Bible
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jew's enemy, but they did not lay their hand on the plunder.

Webster's Bible Translation
The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, they slew; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.

World English Bible
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy, but they didn’t lay their hand on the plunder.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, adversary of the Jews, they have slain, and on the prey they have not put forth their hand.

Young's Literal Translation
ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, adversary of the Jews, they have slain, and on the prey they have not put forth their hand.

Smith's Literal Translation
The ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the Jews enemy, they slew; and upon the prey they stretched not out their hand.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And when they had slain them, they would not touch the spoils of their goods.

Catholic Public Domain Version
When they had slain them, they were unwilling to touch the spoils of their belongings.

New American Bible
the ten sons of Haman, son of Hammedatha, the foe of the Jews. However, they did not engage in plundering.

New Revised Standard Version
the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews; but they did not touch the plunder.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammadatha, the enemy of the Jews; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
The ten sons of Haman the Aggagite, the enemy of the Jews, they killed, and they did not stretch forth their hands that day for plunder.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
the ten sons of Aman the son of Amadathes the Bugaean, the enemy of the Jews, and they plundered their property on the same day:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Jews Destroy Their Enemies
9Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai, and Vaizatha. 10They killed these ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

Cross References
Esther 3:13
And the letters were sent by couriers to each of the royal provinces with the order to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jews—young and old, women and children—and to plunder their possessions on a single day, the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month.

Esther 8:11
By these letters the king permitted the Jews in each and every city the right to assemble and defend themselves, to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province hostile to them, including women and children, and to plunder their possessions.

Esther 7:10
So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the fury of the king subsided.

Esther 3:6
And when he learned the identity of Mordecai’s people, he scorned the notion of laying hands on Mordecai alone. Instead, he sought to destroy all of Mordecai’s people, the Jews, throughout the kingdom of Xerxes.

Esther 5:14
His wife Zeresh and all his friends told him, “Have them build a gallows fifty cubits high, and ask the king in the morning to have Mordecai hanged on it. Then go to the banquet with the king and enjoy yourself.” The advice pleased Haman, and he had the gallows constructed.

Esther 6:13
Haman told his wife Zeresh and all his friends everything that had happened. His advisers and his wife Zeresh said to him, “Since Mordecai, before whom your downfall has begun, is Jewish, you will not prevail against him—for surely you will fall before him.”

Esther 8:7
So King Xerxes said to Esther the Queen and Mordecai the Jew, “Behold, I have given Haman’s estate to Esther, and he was hanged on the gallows because he attacked the Jews.

Esther 4:7
and Mordecai told him all that had happened to him, including the exact amount of money that Haman had promised to pay into the royal treasury in order to destroy the Jews.

Esther 2:5-6
Now there was at the citadel of Susa a Jewish man from the tribe of Benjamin named Mordecai son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish. / He had been carried into exile from Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon among those taken captive with Jeconiah king of Judah.

Esther 3:1
After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him.

Esther 8:1
That same day King Xerxes awarded Queen Esther the estate of Haman, the enemy of the Jews. And Mordecai entered the king’s presence because Esther had revealed his relation to her.

Esther 4:14
For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows if perhaps you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”

Esther 5:9
That day Haman went out full of joy and glad of heart. At the king’s gate, however, he saw Mordecai, who did not rise or tremble in fear at his presence. And Haman was filled with rage toward Mordecai.

Esther 6:10
“Hurry,” said the king to Haman, “and do just as you proposed. Take the robe and the horse to Mordecai the Jew, who is sitting at the king’s gate. Do not neglect anything that you have suggested.”

Esther 7:6
Esther replied, “The adversary and enemy is this wicked man—Haman!” And Haman stood in terror before the king and queen.


Treasury of Scripture

The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, slew they; but on the spoil laid they not their hand.

ten sons.

Esther 5:11
And Haman told them of the glory of his riches, and the multitude of his children, and all the things wherein the king had promoted him, and how he had advanced him above the princes and servants of the king.

Exodus 20:5
Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

Job 18:18,19
He shall be driven from light into darkness, and chased out of the world…

enemy.

Esther 3:1
After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.

Esther 7:4,6
For we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish. But if we had been sold for bondmen and bondwomen, I had held my tongue, although the enemy could not countervail the king's damage…

Exodus 17:16
For he said, Because the LORD hath sworn that the LORD will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.

but on the spoil.

Esther 9:15,16
For the Jews that were in Shushan gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar, and slew three hundred men at Shushan; but on the prey they laid not their hand…

Esther 8:11
Wherein the king granted the Jews which were in every city to gather themselves together, and to stand for their life, to destroy, to slay, and to cause to perish, all the power of the people and province that would assault them, both little ones and women, and to take the spoil of them for a prey,

Genesis 14:23
That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:

Jump to Previous
Adversary Enemy Forth Goods Haman Hammedatha Hammeda'tha Hand Hands Hater Jews Jew's Lay Oppressor Plunder Prey Slain Slew Spoil Ten
Jump to Next
Adversary Enemy Forth Goods Haman Hammedatha Hammeda'tha Hand Hands Hater Jews Jew's Lay Oppressor Plunder Prey Slain Slew Spoil Ten
Esther 9
1. The Jews slay their enemies, with the ten sons of Haman.
12. Xerxes, at the request of Esther,
14. grants another day of slaughter, and Haman's sons to be hanged.
20. The two days of Purim are instituted.














They killed these ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha
The execution of Haman's ten sons signifies the complete downfall of Haman's lineage, which had sought to annihilate the Jewish people. Haman, an Agagite, is often linked to the Amalekites, ancient enemies of Israel (Exodus 17:8-16). The destruction of his sons fulfills the divine justice against those who oppose God's chosen people. This act can be seen as a continuation of the conflict between Israel and Amalek, as commanded in Deuteronomy 25:17-19. The number ten may symbolize completeness, indicating the total eradication of Haman's influence.

the enemy of the Jews
Haman is repeatedly identified as the enemy of the Jews, emphasizing his role as an antagonist in the narrative. This enmity is rooted in historical animosities, as the Amalekites were among the first to attack the Israelites after their exodus from Egypt. The term "enemy" underscores the spiritual and physical threat Haman posed, reflecting the broader theme of anti-Semitism throughout history. This phrase also highlights the providential protection of the Jewish people, a recurring theme in the book of Esther.

but they did not lay a hand on the plunder
The decision not to take the plunder is significant, as it demonstrates the Jews' motives were not driven by greed but by self-defense and justice. This restraint mirrors the command given to King Saul in 1 Samuel 15, where he was instructed to destroy the Amalekites and not take any spoils. Saul's failure to obey led to his downfall, contrasting with the Jews' obedience in Esther, which results in their deliverance. This act of self-control also aligns with the biblical principle of trusting God for provision and justice, rather than relying on material gain.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Haman
The antagonist in the Book of Esther, Haman was an Agagite and a high-ranking official in the Persian Empire who plotted to annihilate the Jews.

2. The Ten Sons of Haman
These were the offspring of Haman, who shared in his enmity against the Jews and were killed as part of the Jews' defense against their enemies.

3. The Jews
The people of God living in the Persian Empire who were targeted for destruction by Haman's decree but were saved through Esther's intervention.

4. Susa
The capital of the Persian Empire where much of the account of Esther takes place, including the events of Esther 9.

5. The Plunder
Refers to the goods and possessions of the enemies that the Jews refrained from taking, despite having the right to do so.
Teaching Points
Obedience to God’s Commands
The Jews' decision not to take the plunder reflects a commitment to God's commands and a focus on justice rather than material gain.

Divine Justice and Protection
The account illustrates God's providential care and justice for His people, encouraging believers to trust in God's timing and methods.

Restraint and Integrity
By not taking the plunder, the Jews demonstrated integrity and restraint, setting an example for believers to act righteously even when given the opportunity for personal gain.

Historical Continuity of God's Plan
The events in Esther 9 are part of a larger account of God's faithfulness to His covenant people, reminding believers of the continuity of God's redemptive plan.(10) On the spoil laid they not their hand.--This they might have done, according to the edict (Esther 8:11).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
They killed
הָרָ֑גוּ (hā·rā·ḡū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 2026: To smite with deadly intent

these ten
עֲ֠שֶׂרֶת (‘ă·śe·reṯ)
Number - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6235: Ten

sons
בְּנֵ֨י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Haman
הָמָ֧ן (hā·mān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2001: Haman -- to rage, be turbulent

son
בֶּֽן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Hammedatha,
הַמְּדָ֛תָא (ham·mə·ḏā·ṯā)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4099: Hammedatha including the article

the enemy
צֹרֵ֥ר (ṣō·rêr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 6887: To bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, or cramped

of the Jews,
הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים (hay·yə·hū·ḏîm)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish

but they did not
לֹ֥א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

lay
שָׁלְח֖וּ (šā·lə·ḥū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 7971: To send away, for, out

a hand
יָדָֽם׃ (yā·ḏām)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3027: A hand

on the plunder.
וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה (ū·ḇab·biz·zāh)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 961: Spoil, booty


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OT History: Esther 9:10 The ten sons of Haman the son (Est Esth. Es)
Esther 9:9
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