Ruth 1:5
New International Version
both Mahlon and Kilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and her husband.

New Living Translation
both Mahlon and Kilion died. This left Naomi alone, without her two sons or her husband.

English Standard Version
and both Mahlon and Chilion died, so that the woman was left without her two sons and her husband.

Berean Standard Bible
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.

King James Bible
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.

New King James Version
Then both Mahlon and Chilion also died; so the woman survived her two sons and her husband.

New American Standard Bible
Then both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and the woman was left without her two sons and her husband.

NASB 1995
Then both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and the woman was bereft of her two children and her husband.

NASB 1977
Then both Mahlon and Chilion also died; and the woman was bereft of her two children and her husband.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and the woman was left without her two children and her husband.

Amplified Bible
and then both Mahlon and Chilion also died, so the woman [Naomi] was left without her two sons and her husband.

Christian Standard Bible
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and the woman was left without her two children and without her husband.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two children and without her husband.

American Standard Version
And Mahlon and Chilion died both of them; and the woman was left of her two children and of her husband.

Contemporary English Version
Mahlon and Chilion also died. Now Naomi had no husband or sons.

English Revised Version
And Mahlon and Chilion died both of them; and the woman was left of her two children and of her husband.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Then both Mahlon and Chilion died as well. So Naomi was left alone, without her two sons or her husband.

Good News Translation
Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left all alone, without husband or sons.

International Standard Version
both Mahlon and Chilion died, leaving Naomi alone with neither her husband nor her two sons.

Majority Standard Bible
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.

NET Bible
Then Naomi's two sons, Mahlon and Kilion, also died. So the woman was left all alone--bereaved of her two children as well as her husband!

New Heart English Bible
Mahlon and Kilion both died, and the woman was bereaved of her two children and of her husband.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left by her two sons and her husband.

World English Bible
Mahlon and Chilion both died, and the woman was bereaved of her two children and of her husband.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they die also, both of them—Mahlon and Chilion—and the woman is left of her two children and of her husband.

Young's Literal Translation
And they die also, both of them -- Mahlon and Chilion -- and the woman is left of her two children and of her husband.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Mahlon and chilion, also they two, will die; and the woman will be left of her two children and of her husband.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And they both died, to wit, Mahalon and Chelion: and the woman was left alone, having lost both her sons and her husband.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And they both died, namely Mahlon and Chilion, and the woman was left alone, bereaved of her two children and her husband.

New American Bible
both Mahlon and Chilion died also, and the woman was left with neither her two boys nor her husband.

New Revised Standard Version
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, so that the woman was left without her two sons and her husband.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And Malion and Calion, her two sons, died; and the woman was bereft of her husband and her two sons.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And both her sons, Malyun and Kelyoon, died, and the woman was bereft of her husband and of both her sons
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Mahlon and Chilion died both of them; and the woman was left of her two children and of her husband.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And both Maalon and Chelaion died also; and the woman was left of her husband and her two sons.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Naomi Becomes a Widow
4who took Moabite women as their wives, one named Orpah and the other named Ruth. And after they had lived in Moab about ten years, 5both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.

Cross References
Job 1:18-19
While he was still speaking, another messenger came and reported: “Your sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house, / when suddenly a mighty wind swept in from the desert and struck the four corners of the house. It collapsed on the young people and they are dead, and I alone have escaped to tell you!”

Genesis 38:11
Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Live as a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up.” For he thought, “He may die too, like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s house.

2 Kings 4:1
Now the wife of one of the sons of the prophets cried out to Elisha, “Your servant, my husband, is dead, and you know that your servant feared the LORD. And now his creditor is coming to take my two children as his slaves!”

Genesis 23:19
After this, Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field at Machpelah near Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan.

1 Samuel 4:19-21
Now Eli’s daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and about to give birth. When she heard the news of the capture of God’s ark and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband, she collapsed and gave birth, for her labor pains overtook her. / As she was dying, the women attending to her said, “Do not be afraid, for you have given birth to a son!” But she did not respond or pay any heed. / And she named the boy Ichabod, saying, “The glory has departed from Israel,” because the ark of God had been captured and her father-in-law and her husband had been killed.

2 Samuel 14:7
Now the whole clan has risen up against your maidservant and said, ‘Hand over the one who struck down his brother, that we may put him to death for the life of the brother whom he killed. Then we will cut off the heir as well!’ So they would extinguish my one remaining ember by not preserving my husband’s name or posterity on the earth.”

Jeremiah 6:26
O daughter of my people, dress yourselves in sackcloth and roll in ashes. Mourn with bitter wailing, as you would for an only son, for suddenly the destroyer will come upon us.

Lamentations 1:1
How lonely lies the city, once so full of people! She who was great among the nations has become a widow. The princess of the provinces has become a slave.

Ezekiel 24:16-18
“Son of man, behold, I am about to take away the desire of your eyes with a fatal blow. But you must not mourn or weep or let your tears flow. / Groan quietly; do not mourn for the dead. Put on your turban and strap your sandals on your feet; do not cover your lips or eat the bread of mourners.” / So I spoke to the people in the morning, and in the evening my wife died. And the next morning I did as I had been commanded.

Isaiah 47:9
These two things will overtake you in a moment, in a single day: loss of children, and widowhood. They will come upon you in full measure, in spite of your many sorceries and the potency of your spells.

Matthew 22:25
Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died without having children. So he left his wife to his brother.

Luke 7:12
As He approached the town gate, He saw a dead man being carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow. And a large crowd from the town was with her.

John 11:19
and many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to console them in the loss of their brother.

Acts 9:39
So Peter got up and went with them. On his arrival, they took him to the upper room. All the widows stood around him, weeping and showing him the tunics and other clothing that Dorcas had made while she was still with them.

1 Timothy 5:5
The widow who is truly in need and left all alone puts her hope in God and continues night and day in her petitions and prayers.


Treasury of Scripture

And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.

A.

Deuteronomy 32:29
O that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their latter end!

Psalm 89:30-32
If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments; …

Jeremiah 2:19
Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.

and the woman

Isaiah 49:21
Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been?

Matthew 22:25-27
Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother: …

Luke 7:12
Now when he came nigh to the gate of the city, behold, there was a dead man carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow: and much people of the city was with her.

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Ruth 1
1. Elimelech, driven by famine into Moab, dies there
4. Mahlon and Chilion, having married wives of Moab, die also
6. Naomi, returning homeward
8. dissuades her two daughters-in-law from going with her
14. Orpah leaves her, but Ruth with great constancy accompanies her
19. The two come to Bethlehem, where they are gladly received














both Mahlon and Chilion also died
The names "Mahlon" and "Chilion" are significant in understanding the narrative. In Hebrew, "Mahlon" can mean "sickness" and "Chilion" can mean "wasting" or "pining." These names may foreshadow their untimely deaths, suggesting a divine orchestration or a reflection of the dire circumstances in Moab. Historically, the deaths of these two sons emphasize the complete loss and vulnerability of Naomi, a widow in a foreign land, which sets the stage for the redemptive account that follows. This phrase underscores the theme of suffering and loss that is prevalent in the Book of Ruth, reminding us of the transient nature of life and the sovereignty of God over human affairs.

and Naomi was left
The Hebrew root for "left" is "sha'ar," which conveys the idea of being left behind or remaining. Naomi's situation is one of profound isolation and desolation. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a woman's security and social standing were closely tied to her male relatives. Naomi's being "left" without her sons and husband highlights her vulnerability and the precariousness of her situation. This phrase sets the emotional tone for Naomi's return to Bethlehem and her eventual transformation from bitterness to joy, illustrating God's providential care and the hope of restoration.

without her two sons and without her husband
The repetition of "without" emphasizes the totality of Naomi's loss. In the patriarchal society of ancient Israel, a woman's identity and protection were largely derived from her male family members. The absence of her "two sons" and "husband" signifies not only personal grief but also social and economic destitution. This dire circumstance is a catalyst for the unfolding narrative, where God's redemptive plan begins to take shape through Ruth's loyalty and Boaz's kindness. Theologically, this phrase invites reflection on the themes of faith, resilience, and divine provision, encouraging believers to trust in God's faithfulness even in the midst of profound loss.

(5) And they died.--Clearly as quite young men. It is not for us to say how far those are right who see in the death of Elimelech and his sons God's punishment for the disregard of His law. Thus Naomi is left alone, as one on whom comes suddenly the loss of children and widowhood.

Verse 5. - And, to make a long story short, Machlon and Chillon died also both of them. "Like green apples," says Fuller, "cudgelled off the tree." But why "cudgelled?" There is no evidence in the text of Divine displeasure, and the Christian expositor, when going beyond the text in quest of principles, should not forget the tower of Siloam, and the victims of Pilate s bloodthirstiness (see Luke 13:1-5). And the woman was left of her two children and of her husband. That is, "of her two children as well as of her husband." She became as it were their relict too. She remained behind after they had gone on before. If all sentiment were to be taken out of the expression, it might then be simply said, in very commonplace prose, she survived them. Poor woman! "Of the two sexes," says Fuller, "the woman is the weaker; of women, old women are most feeble; of old women, widows most woeful; of widows, those that are poor, their plight most pitiful; of poor widows, those who want children, their case most doleful; of widows that want children, those that once had them, and after lost them, their estate most desolate; of widows that have had children, those that are strangers in a foreign country, their condition most comfortless. Yet all these met together in Naomi, as in the center of sorrow, to make the measure of her misery pressed down, shaken together, running over. I conclude, therefore, many men have had affliction - none like Job; many women have had tribulation - none like Naomi."

CHAPTER 1:6-14.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
both
שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם (šə·nê·hem)
Number - mdc | third person masculine plural
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

Mahlon
מַחְל֣וֹן (maḥ·lō·wn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4248: Mahlon -- the first husband of Ruth

and Chilion
וְכִלְי֑וֹן (wə·ḵil·yō·wn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3630: Chilion -- a son of Naomi

also
גַם־ (ḡam-)
Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

died,
וַיָּמ֥וּתוּ (way·yā·mū·ṯū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

and Naomi
הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה (hā·’iš·šāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

was left
וַתִּשָּׁאֵר֙ (wat·tiš·šā·’êr)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7604: To swell up, be, redundant

without her two
מִשְּׁנֵ֥י (miš·šə·nê)
Preposition-m | Number - mdc
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

sons
יְלָדֶ֖יהָ (yə·lā·ḏe·hā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 3206: Something born, a lad, offspring

and without her husband.
וּמֵאִישָֽׁהּ׃ (ū·mê·’î·šāh)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


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OT History: Ruth 1:5 Mahlon and Chilion died both of them (Ru Rut.)
Ruth 1:4
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