In the study of biblical music, the terms "Shoshannim" and "Shushan-Eduth" appear in the titles of certain Psalms, offering insight into the musical and liturgical practices of ancient Israel. These terms are often associated with the musical instructions or tunes to which the Psalms were set.

Shoshannim

The term "Shoshannim" appears in the titles of Psalms 45, 69, and 80. The word "Shoshannim" is generally understood to mean "lilies" in Hebrew. This term is thought to refer to a specific melody or musical style used in the performance of these Psalms. The association with lilies may suggest a tune that is elegant or beautiful, reflecting the nature of the flower.

· Psalm 45: Titled "For the choirmaster. According to 'The Lilies.' A Maskil of the sons of Korah. A love song," this Psalm is a royal wedding song, celebrating the king's marriage. The use of "Shoshannim" may indicate a joyful and celebratory tune fitting for such an occasion.

· Psalm 69: Titled "For the choirmaster. To the tune of 'Lilies.' Of David," this Psalm is a lament, expressing deep distress and a plea for deliverance. The use of "Shoshannim" here might suggest a contrast between the beauty of the melody and the somberness of the content, highlighting the depth of the psalmist's emotions.

· Psalm 80: Titled "For the choirmaster. To the tune of 'Lilies of the Covenant.' A Psalm of Asaph," this Psalm is a communal lament, pleading for the restoration of Israel. The reference to "Lilies of the Covenant" may imply a melody that underscores the covenantal relationship between God and His people.

Shushan-Eduth

The term "Shushan-Eduth" appears in the title of Psalm 60. "Shushan" means "lily," and "Eduth" means "testimony" or "witness," suggesting a tune or musical setting that bears witness or serves as a testimony.

· Psalm 60: Titled "For the choirmaster. To the tune of 'The Lily of the Testimony.' A Miktam of David for instruction. When he fought Aram-Naharaim and Aram-Zobah, and Joab returned and struck down twelve thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt," this Psalm is a national lament and a plea for divine intervention in battle. The use of "Shushan-Eduth" may indicate a melody that reinforces the themes of testimony and remembrance, serving as a musical reminder of God's past deliverances and the hope for future victories.

In summary, "Shoshannim" and "Shushan-Eduth" in the titles of Psalms likely refer to specific tunes or musical styles used in ancient Israelite worship. These terms highlight the rich musical tradition of the Psalms and their role in expressing the full range of human emotions and experiences before God.Psalm 45:1
My heart is gushing a good matter: I speak of the things which I have made touching the king: my tongue is the pen of a ready writer.
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Psalm 60:1
O God, you have cast us off, you have scattered us, you have been displeased; O turn yourself to us again.
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Psalm 69:1
Save me, O God; for the waters are come in to my soul.
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Psalm 80:1
Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, you that lead Joseph like a flock; you that dwell between the cherubim, shine forth.
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