The Bible addresses the themes of poverty and wealth extensively, offering guidance on the spiritual and moral implications of both states. Scripture provides insight into God's perspective on the poor and the rich, emphasizing justice, compassion, and the proper use of resources.

Old Testament Insights

In the Old Testament, the Law of Moses includes numerous provisions for the care of the poor. Leviticus 19:9-10 instructs, "When you reap the harvest of your land, you are not to reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest. You must not strip your vineyard bare or gather its fallen grapes. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the LORD your God." This command reflects God's concern for the marginalized and His desire for His people to act with generosity and justice.

The wisdom literature, particularly the Book of Proverbs, contrasts the behaviors and outcomes of the poor and the rich. Proverbs 22:2 states, "The rich and the poor have this in common: The LORD is the Maker of them all." This verse underscores the equality of all people before God, regardless of their economic status. Proverbs also warns against the dangers of wealth, as in Proverbs 11:28 : "He who trusts in his riches will fall, but the righteous will thrive like a green leaf."

New Testament Teachings

In the New Testament, Jesus' teachings further illuminate God's heart for the poor. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus declares, "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 5:3). This beatitude highlights the spiritual posture of humility and dependence on God, which is often more readily embraced by those who are materially poor.

Jesus' parables frequently address the use of wealth and the responsibility of the rich. In the Parable of the Rich Fool (Luke 12:16-21), Jesus warns against storing up earthly treasures without being "rich toward God." Similarly, the account of the Rich Man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31) illustrates the eternal consequences of neglecting the needs of the poor.

The early church exemplified a community where resources were shared to meet the needs of all. Acts 4:34-35 describes, "There were no needy ones among them, because those who owned lands or houses would sell their property, bring the proceeds from the sales, and lay them at the apostles’ feet for distribution to anyone as he had need."

Apostolic Instructions

The Epistles provide further guidance on the relationship between the poor and the rich. James 2:5-6 admonishes believers, "Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him? But you have dishonored the poor. Is it not the rich who oppress you and drag you into court?" This passage challenges the church to honor the poor and warns against favoritism toward the wealthy.

Paul's letters also address the responsibilities of the rich. In 1 Timothy 6:17-19 , he instructs, "Instruct those who are rich in the present age not to be conceited and not to put their hope in the uncertainty of wealth, but in God, who richly provides us with everything for our enjoyment. Instruct them to do good, to be rich in good works, and to be generous and ready to share, treasuring up for themselves a firm foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is truly life."

Conclusion

The biblical narrative consistently calls for a heart of compassion and justice toward the poor, while cautioning against the perils of wealth. The Scriptures encourage believers to use their resources wisely, to care for those in need, and to maintain a posture of humility and dependence on God, recognizing that true riches are found in Him.