Jump to: Smith's • ATS • ISBE • Easton's • Webster's • Concordance • Thesaurus • Greek • Hebrew • Library • Subtopics • Terms Topical Encyclopedia The term "poor" in the Bible encompasses a range of meanings, including economic poverty, social marginalization, and spiritual humility. The Scriptures address the condition of the poor extensively, emphasizing God's concern for them and the responsibility of His people to care for those in need.Old Testament Context In the Old Testament, the Hebrew word often translated as "poor" is "ani" or "ebyon," referring to those who are economically disadvantaged or oppressed. The Law of Moses includes numerous provisions to protect and support the poor. For instance, the Israelites were commanded to leave the gleanings of their harvest for the poor and the foreigner (Leviticus 19:9-10: "When you reap the harvest of your land, you are not to reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest. You must not strip your vineyard bare or gather its fallen grapes. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner; I am the LORD your God."). The Year of Jubilee, described in Leviticus 25, was another provision designed to prevent the permanent impoverishment of individuals and families. Every fiftieth year, debts were to be forgiven, and land was to be returned to its original owners, ensuring that poverty did not become a generational curse. The Psalms and the Prophets frequently highlight God's concern for the poor. Psalm 82:3-4 exhorts, "Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; uphold the rights of the afflicted and oppressed. Rescue the weak and needy; save them from the hand of the wicked." The prophets, such as Isaiah and Amos, often rebuked Israel for neglecting the poor and warned of divine judgment for such injustices (Isaiah 1:17: "Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow."). New Testament Context In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's ministry is marked by a profound concern for the poor. In His inaugural sermon in Nazareth, Jesus reads from the scroll of Isaiah, declaring His mission to "proclaim good news to the poor" (Luke 4:18). The Beatitudes in the Sermon on the Mount begin with a blessing on the "poor in spirit," for theirs is the kingdom of heaven (Matthew 5:3). Jesus' teachings often highlight the spiritual dimension of poverty, emphasizing humility and dependence on God. The parable of the rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31) contrasts the earthly wealth of the rich man with the heavenly reward of the poor man, Lazarus, underscoring the eternal perspective on wealth and poverty. The early church continued this emphasis on caring for the poor. Acts 2:44-45 describes the early believers as having "all things in common" and selling their possessions to distribute to anyone in need. The Apostle Paul, in his epistles, encourages generosity and support for the poor, particularly in his collection for the saints in Jerusalem (Romans 15:26: "For Macedonia and Achaia were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the saints in Jerusalem."). Theological Significance The Bible presents poverty not merely as an economic condition but as a state that calls for compassion, justice, and action from God's people. The Scriptures consistently affirm that God is the defender of the poor and that His followers are to reflect His character by advocating for and assisting those in need. The call to care for the poor is a recurring theme that underscores the ethical and spiritual responsibilities of believers, highlighting the kingdom values of mercy, justice, and love. Smith's Bible Dictionary PoorThe general kindly spirit of the law toward the poor is sufficiently shown by such passages as (15:7) for the reason that (ver. 11) "the poor shall never cease out of the land." Among the special enactments in their favor the following must be mentioned:
ATS Bible Dictionary PoorPsalm 12:5 41:1-3, especially cared for in the Jewish dispensation, Exodus 23:6 Proverbs 14:31, and even more so under the gospel, Matthew 25:42-45 James 2:5. The slight offerings required of them by the law were as acceptable as the hecatombs of the rich, Le 5:7-13 Mark 12:41-44. The gleanings of the fields, the olive trees, and the vines, were to be left for them, Le 19:9 De 24:19 Ruth 2:2. Every seventh year, the spontaneous products of the ground were free to all, Le 25:7; and in the Jubilee their alienated inheritance returned to their possession. Compare also Le 25:1-55 De 24:1-22. Neglect and oppression of the poor were severely reproved by the prophets, Isaiah 10:2 Jeremiah 5:28 Am 2:6; but charity to the poor was an eminent virtue among primitive Christians, Matthew 6:2-4 Luke 10:33-35 19:8 Acts 9:36-39 10:2:11:29-30. Easton's Bible Dictionary The Mosaic legislation regarding the poor is specially important. (1.) They had the right of gleaning the fields (Leviticus 19:9, 10; Deuteronomy 24:19, 21). (2.) In the sabbatical year they were to have their share of the produce of the fields and the vineyards (Exodus 23:11; Leviticus 25:6). (3.) In the year of jubilee they recovered their property (Leviticus 25:25-30). (4.) Usury was forbidden, and the pledged raiment was to be returned before the sun went down (Exodus 22:25-27; Deuteronomy 24:10-13). The rich were to be generous to the poor (Deuteronomy 15:7-11). (5.) In the sabbatical and jubilee years the bond-servant was to go free (Deuteronomy 15:12-15; Leviticus 25:39-42, 47-54). (6.) Certain portions from the tithes were assigned to the poor (Deuteronomy 14:28, 29; 26:12, 13). (7.) They shared in the feasts (Deuteronomy 16:11, 14; Nehemiah 8:10). (8.) Wages were to be paid at the close of each day (Leviticus 19:13). In the New Testament (Luke 3:11; 14:13; Acts 6:1; Galatians 2:10; James 2:15, 16) we have similar injunctions given with reference to the poor. Begging was not common under the Old Testament, while it was so in the New Testament times (Luke 16:20, 21, etc.). But begging in the case of those who are able to work is forbidden, and all such are enjoined to "work with their own hands" as a Christian duty (1 Thessalonians 4:11; 2 Thessalonians 3:7-13; Ephesians 4:28). This word is used figuratively in Matthew 5:3; Luke 6:20; 2 Corinthians 8:9; Revelation 3:17. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary 1. (superl.) Destitute of property; wanting in material riches or goods; needy; indigent.2. (superl.) So completely destitute of property as to be entitled to maintenance from the public. 3. (superl.) Destitute of such qualities as are desirable, or might naturally be expected 4. (superl.) Wanting in fat, plumpness, or fleshiness; lean; emaciated; meager; as, a poor horse, ox, dog, etc. 5. (superl.) Wanting in strength or vigor; feeble; dejected; as, poor health; poor spirits. 6. (superl.) of little value or worth; not good; inferior; shabby; mean; as, poor clothes; poor lodgings. 7. (superl.) Destitute of fertility; exhausted; barren; sterile; -- said of land; as, poor soil. 8. (superl.) Destitute of beauty, fitness, or merit; as, a poor discourse; a poor picture. 9. (superl.) Without prosperous conditions or good results; unfavorable; unfortunate; unconformable; as, a poor business; the sick man had a poor night. 10. (superl.) Inadequate; insufficient; insignificant; as, a poor excuse. 11. (superl.) Worthy of pity or sympathy; -- used also sometimes as a term of endearment, or as an expression of modesty, and sometimes as a word of contempt. 12. (superl.) Free from self-assertion; not proud or arrogant; meek. 13. (n.) A small European codfish (Gadus minutus); -- called also power cod. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia POORpoor ('ebhyon, dal, `ani, rush; ptochos): Greek 4434. ptochos -- (of one who crouches and cowers, hence) beggarly ... ... 4433, 4434. ptochos. 4435 . (of one who crouches and cowers, hence) beggarly, poor. Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: ptochos Phonetic Spelling: ( ... //strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4434.htm - 8k 3998. penichros -- needy, poor 3993. penes -- one who works for his living 4433. ptocheuo -- to be a beggar, be destitute 2895. krabattos -- a camp bed 1133. gunaikarion -- a little woman, (contemptuously) a silly ... 4442. pur -- fire 1654. eleemosune -- mercy, pity, spec. alms 329. anazopureo -- to kindle afresh 4444. purgos -- a tower Strong's Hebrew 7326. rush -- to be in want or poor... 7325, 7326. rush. 7327 . to be in want or poor. Transliteration: rush Phonetic Spelling: (roosh) Short Definition: poor. Word Origin a prim. ... /hebrew/7326.htm - 6k 6041. ani -- poor, afflicted, humble 4542. misken -- poor 4134. muk -- to be low or depressed, to grow poor 34. ebyon -- in want, needy, poor 1800b. dal -- low, weak, poor, thin 6035. anav -- poor, afflicted, humble, meek 6040b. anay -- poor, needy 6033. anah -- poor 1803b. dallah -- the poor Library The Tillage of the Poor Preaching for the Poor The Poor in Spirit For the Poor. Blessed are the Poor in Spirit The Duty of Remembering the Poor To the Poor in Health. The Poor in Spirit are Enriched with a Kingdom On Helping the Poor. How the Poor and the Rich Should be Admonished. Thesaurus Poor (276 Occurrences)... Easton's Bible Dictionary The Mosaic legislation regarding the poor is specially important. ... The rich were to be generous to the poor (Deuteronomy 15:7-11). ... /p/poor.htm - 60k Poor-looking (2 Occurrences) Poverty (25 Occurrences) Meekness (14 Occurrences) Countrymen (60 Occurrences) Creditor (8 Occurrences) Sabbatical (1 Occurrence) Beg (77 Occurrences) Destitute (25 Occurrences) Delivers (38 Occurrences) Resources What does the Bible say about giving to the poor? | GotQuestions.orgWhat does the Bible say about being poor? | GotQuestions.org What does it mean to be poor in spirit? | GotQuestions.org Poor: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus Concordance Poor (276 Occurrences)Matthew 5:3 Matthew 6:2 Matthew 6:3 Matthew 11:5 Matthew 19:21 Matthew 26:9 Matthew 26:11 Mark 10:21 Mark 12:42 Mark 12:43 Mark 14:5 Mark 14:7 Luke 1:48 Luke 4:18 Luke 6:20 Luke 7:22 Luke 11:41 Luke 12:33 Luke 14:13 Luke 14:21 Luke 16:20 Luke 16:22 Luke 18:22 Luke 19:8 Luke 21:2 Luke 21:3 John 2:10 John 12:5 John 12:6 John 12:8 John 13:29 Acts 9:36 Acts 10:2 Acts 10:4 Acts 10:31 Acts 24:17 Acts 26:22 Romans 15:26 1 Corinthians 11:22 1 Corinthians 13:3 2 Corinthians 5:1 2 Corinthians 6:10 2 Corinthians 7:6 2 Corinthians 8:9 2 Corinthians 9:9 2 Corinthians 10:1 Galatians 2:10 Galatians 4:9 Galatians 4:14 Philippians 3:21 Hebrews 2:6 Hebrews 10:1 Hebrews 11:37 James 2:2 James 2:3 James 2:5 James 2:6 Revelation 2:9 Revelation 3:17 Revelation 13:16 Genesis 41:19 Genesis 42:9 Genesis 42:12 Genesis 45:11 Exodus 22:25 Exodus 23:3 Exodus 23:6 Exodus 23:11 Exodus 30:15 Leviticus 14:21 Leviticus 19:10 Leviticus 19:15 Leviticus 23:22 Leviticus 25:25 Leviticus 25:35 Leviticus 25:39 Leviticus 25:47 Leviticus 27:8 Numbers 13:20 Numbers 21:5 Deuteronomy 15:4 Deuteronomy 15:7 Deuteronomy 15:9 Deuteronomy 15:11 Deuteronomy 24:12 Deuteronomy 24:14 Deuteronomy 24:15 Deuteronomy 28:29 Judges 6:15 Ruth 3:10 1 Samuel 2:7 1 Samuel 2:8 1 Samuel 17:42 1 Samuel 18:23 2 Samuel 12:1 2 Samuel 12:3 2 Samuel 12:4 2 Samuel 22:28 2 Kings 25:12 1 Chronicles 22:14 Subtopics Poor: Atonement Money of, Uniform With That of the Rich People Poor: Inexpensive offerings of People Who Have Very Little Money Poor: Kindness to Congregations Poor: Kindness to Congregations of Macedonia and Achaia Poor: Kindness to Prophet's Widow Poor: Kindness to The Congregation at Antioch (In Syria) Poor: Kindness to The Good Samaritan Poor: Kindness to The Temanites Poor: Kindness to To the Widow of Zarephath Poor: Unclassified Scriptures Relating To The Poor are Such by God's Appointment The Poor by Mocking, God is Reproached The Poor by Oppressing, God is Reproached The Poor: A Care For is a Fruit of Repentance The Poor: A Care For is Characteristic of Saints The Poor: A Care For: should be Urged The Poor: Care For-Illustrated The Poor: Christ Lived As One of The Poor: Condition of, often Results From: Bad Company The Poor: Condition of, often Results From: Drunkenness and Gluttony The Poor: Condition of, often Results From: Sloth The Poor: Give to not Grudgingly The Poor: Give to Specially If Saints The Poor: Give To without Ostentation The Poor: God is the Refuge of The Poor: God: Despises No the Prayer of The Poor: God: Maintains the Right of The Poor: God: Regards Equally With the Rich The Poor: Harden not the Heart Against The Poor: May Be: Rich in Faith The Poor: Neglect Towards Is: A Neglect of Christ The Poor: Neglect Towards Is: A Proof of Unbelief The Poor: Neglect Towards Is: Inconsistent With Love to God The Poor: Offerings of, Acceptable to God The Poor: Oppression of-Illustrated The Poor: Punishment For: Acting Unjustly Towards The Poor: Punishment For: Oppressing The Poor: Punishment For: Refusing to Assist The Poor: Punishment For: Spoiling The Poor: Regard For: Church at Antioch The Poor: Regard For: Churches of Macedonia and Achaia The Poor: Regard For: Cornelius The Poor: Regard For: Nebuzaradan The Poor: Regard For: Peter and John The Poor: Regard For: Zacchaeus The Poor: Rule Not, With Vigour The Poor: Shall Never Cease out of the Land The Poor: should Commit Themselves to God The Poor: should Provided for Under the Law The Poor: should Rejoice in God The Poor: should when Converted, Rejoice in Their Exaltation The Poor: Shut not the Hand Against The Poor: The Wicked: Care not For The Poor: The Wicked: Despise the Counsel of The Poor: The Wicked: Grind the Faces of The Poor: The Wicked: Persecute The Poor: The Wicked: Regard not the Cause of The Poor: The Wicked: Tread Down The Poor: They Who in Faith, Believe are Blessed The Poor: They Who in Faith, Believe are Happy The Poor: They Who in Faith, Believe: Have Promises The Poor: They Who in Faith, Believe: Have the Favour of God The Poor: Wrong not in Judgment Related Terms |