Iron of a Hard Barren Soil
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In biblical literature, iron is often symbolically associated with strength, durability, and sometimes oppression or harshness. The imagery of "iron of a hard barren soil" can be understood through various scriptural references and the cultural context of the ancient Near East.

Symbolism of Iron

Iron, as a metal, is frequently mentioned in the Bible. It is known for its strength and ability to withstand pressure, making it a valuable resource for tools and weapons. In Deuteronomy 8:9, the Promised Land is described as "a land where you will eat food without scarcity, in which you will not lack anything, a land whose stones are iron and out of whose hills you can dig copper." Here, iron signifies the abundance and strength of the land God is giving to the Israelites.

Iron and Hardness

The concept of hardness is often linked with iron in the Bible. In Job 28:2, it is written, "Iron is taken from the earth, and copper is smelted from ore." This verse highlights the extraction of iron from the earth, emphasizing the effort required to obtain it, much like the toil needed to cultivate a hard, barren soil. The hardness of iron can also symbolize the stubbornness or obstinacy of people, as seen in Ezekiel 3:9, where God tells the prophet, "I will make your forehead like the hardest stone, harder than flint. Do not be afraid of them or terrified by them, though they are a rebellious house."

Barren Soil

Barren soil, in biblical terms, often represents unfruitfulness and desolation. In Jeremiah 4:3, the Lord says, "Break up your fallow ground, and do not sow among thorns." This call to break up the hard, unproductive soil is a metaphor for repentance and spiritual renewal. The imagery of barren soil can also be seen in the parable of the sower in Matthew 13, where seeds that fall on rocky ground fail to take root and grow.

Iron and Oppression

Iron is sometimes associated with oppression and bondage. In Psalm 107:10, it is written, "Some sat in darkness and in the shadow of death, prisoners in affliction and chains." The chains, often made of iron, symbolize the harsh conditions and suffering of those in captivity. Similarly, in Deuteronomy 28:48, the Israelites are warned that if they disobey God, they will serve their enemies "in hunger and thirst, in nakedness and dire poverty. He will put an iron yoke on your neck until he has destroyed you."

Cultural Context

In the ancient Near East, iron was a significant technological advancement over bronze, marking the transition to the Iron Age. This transition brought about changes in warfare, agriculture, and daily life. The ability to work with iron was a sign of progress and strength, but it also required skill and effort, much like the cultivation of a hard, barren soil.

Spiritual Implications

The imagery of iron and barren soil can serve as a spiritual metaphor for the human heart. Just as iron must be extracted and refined, and barren soil must be broken and tilled, so too must the human heart be transformed and renewed by God's grace. The strength and resilience of iron, coupled with the challenge of barren soil, remind believers of the need for perseverance and faith in the face of spiritual hardness and unfruitfulness.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Deuteronomy 28:23
And your heaven that is over your head shall be brass, and the earth that is under you shall be iron.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

The Barren Fig-Tree;
... lop its boughs with terror; yea, the thickets of those professors with iron. ... Barren
fig-tree, hearken ... that, like the sons of Zeruiah, thou art too hard for the ...
/.../bunyan/the works of john bunyan volumes 1-3/the barren fig-tree.htm

The Sower.
... But the earth, in that case, was as iron, and refused to yield even to ... the body still,
were once a trodden way side like yourself, as hard and as barren. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/arnot/the parables of our lord/i the sower.htm

Letter cxxv. To Rusticus.
... whence believers fetch manure to enrich the barren soil of their ... After sinking to
the bottom the iron has once more ... when it is aimed at a hard object rebounds ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter cxxv to rusticus.htm

The Nations of the South-East
... that David entrusted his parents when hard pressed by ... of Moab were the rugged and
barren mountains of ... it possessed neither cities nor chariots of iron, and its ...
/.../sayce/early israel and the surrounding nations/chapter iii the nations of.htm

Of Removing Tithes.
... A fulling mill, paper mill, iron mill, tin mill, &c. ... Hard.380."Vide Nursery. ...
So if eaten off the land by sheep or barren cattle. Bunb.10. ...
/.../prideaux/directions to church-wardens/8 of removing tithes.htm

The Incarnation and Birth of Christ
... Our poor barren hearts ne'er produced one fruit, or flower, till they ... we beseech
thee, to conquer sinners, to subdue hard hearts-to break the iron gates of ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 2 1856/the incarnation and birth of.htm

The Figurative Language of Scripture.
... but in an entire expression, thus: "It is hard for thee to ... false prophet Zedekiah
"made him horns of iron: and he ... form, like the parable of the barren fig-tree ...
/.../barrows/companion to the bible/chapter xxxv the figurative language.htm

A Supplementary Chapter to the Bible in Spain
... sorry that I had struck her so hard, seeing how ... But what iron application was required
for the task"what ... of the water; hence the naked, barren stone summits ...
/.../a supplementary chapter to the.htm

The Gentle Boy
... bigots, when the outer surfaces of their iron hearts had been softened and again
grew hard, affirmed that ... points to hidden gold where all is barren to the ...
/.../wells/bible stories and religious classics/the gentle boy.htm

Christian Meekness
... what is best for me, whether a fertile soil or a barren. ... was of that sweet temper
that it was hard to say ... Grace is like the file which smoothes the rough iron. ...
/.../watson/the beatitudes an exposition of matthew 51-12/12 christian meekness.htm

Resources
What is the story of Deborah and Barak? | GotQuestions.org

Friendship ' Article Index | GotQuestions.org

What is an ox goad / oxgoad in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Iron: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible ConcordanceBible DictionaryBible EncyclopediaTopical BibleBible Thesuarus
Subtopics

Iron

Iron and Bronze

Iron of a Hard Barren Soil

Iron of Greater Gravity than Water

Iron of Severe Affliction

Iron of Severe Exercise of Power

Iron of Small Comparative Value

Iron of Strength

Iron of Stubbornness

Iron used from the Earliest Age

Iron: (Seared With) Insensibility of Conscience

Iron: A City of Naphtali

Iron: Admits of a High Polish

Iron: An Article of Commerce

Iron: Dug out of the Earth

Iron: Figurative

Iron: First Recorded Use of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Ax

Iron: First Recorded Use of Bedstead

Iron: First Recorded Use of Breastplate

Iron: First Recorded Use of Chariot

Iron: First Recorded Use of Fetters

Iron: First Recorded Use of File

Iron: First Recorded Use of Furnace

Iron: First Recorded Use of Gate

Iron: First Recorded Use of Harrow

Iron: First Recorded Use of Horn

Iron: First Recorded Use of Idols

Iron: First Recorded Use of Melted

Iron: First Recorded Use of Ore of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pans

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pen

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pillars

Iron: First Recorded Use of Rods for Scourging

Iron: First Recorded Use of Stones of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Threshing Instruments

Iron: First Recorded Use of Tools

Iron: First Recorded Use of Used in the Temple

Iron: First Recorded Use of Vessels

Iron: First Recorded Use of Weapons

Iron: First Recorded Use of Yokes

Iron: from the North Hardest and Best

Iron: Fusible

Iron: Great Quantity of, Provided for the Temple

Iron: Hardened Into Steel

Iron: Made Into: Armour

Iron: Made Into: Bars

Iron: Made Into: Bedsteads

Iron: Made Into: Chariots

Iron: Made Into: Fetters

Iron: Made Into: Gates

Iron: Made Into: Graving Tools

Iron: Made Into: Idols

Iron: Made Into: Implements for Husbandry

Iron: Made Into: Nails and Hinges

Iron: Made Into: Pillars

Iron: Made Into: Rods

Iron: Made Into: Tools for Artificers

Iron: Made Into: Weapons of War

Iron: Made Into: Yokes

Iron: Malleable

Iron: Miraculously Made to Swim

Iron: Mode of Purifying, Taken in War

Iron: Sharpens Things Made of

Iron: Strong and Durable

Iron: Taken in War, often Dedicated to God

Iron: The Land of Canaan Abounded With

Iron: Working In, a Trade

Related Terms

Iron-worker (4 Occurrences)

Iron-smith (1 Occurrence)

Iron-smelting (2 Occurrences)

Steel (7 Occurrences)

Tin (6 Occurrences)

Forge (2 Occurrences)

Tool (13 Occurrences)

Sawest (20 Occurrences)

Shoe (13 Occurrences)

Potter's (16 Occurrences)

Partly (7 Occurrences)

Baked (26 Occurrences)

Metals (1 Occurrence)

Miry (6 Occurrences)

Brand (4 Occurrences)

Axe (19 Occurrences)

War-carriages (76 Occurrences)

Ax (12 Occurrences)

Scepter (28 Occurrences)

Inasmuch (42 Occurrences)

Chariots (118 Occurrences)

Instrument (45 Occurrences)

Ironsmith (1 Occurrence)

Furnace (35 Occurrences)

Forger (1 Occurrence)

Toes (8 Occurrences)

Tubalcain (1 Occurrence)

Tubal-cain (1 Occurrence)

Axhead (1 Occurrence)

Ax-head

Shatters (8 Occurrences)

Clay (50 Occurrences)

Diverse (15 Occurrences)

Tools (3 Occurrences)

Copper (55 Occurrences)

Pen (16 Occurrences)

Wood-cutting (2 Occurrences)

Irons (5 Occurrences)

Finery (2 Occurrences)

Firmness (2 Occurrences)

Toughness (1 Occurrence)

Rabble (7 Occurrences)

Dog (19 Occurrences)

Picks (7 Occurrences)

Potters (3 Occurrences)

Blacksmith (3 Occurrences)

Bit (46 Occurrences)

Bolt (5 Occurrences)

Beateth (7 Occurrences)

Craftsmen (22 Occurrences)

Crushes (7 Occurrences)

Crusheth (4 Occurrences)

Axes (10 Occurrences)

Saws (4 Occurrences)

Subdueth (6 Occurrences)

Subdues (6 Occurrences)

Smashes (1 Occurrence)

Sharpened (13 Occurrences)

Bars (50 Occurrences)

Articles (78 Occurrences)

Polished (23 Occurrences)

Bruise (19 Occurrences)

Weighed (44 Occurrences)

Forasmuch (64 Occurrences)

Breaks (35 Occurrences)

Measured (91 Occurrences)

Crush (50 Occurrences)

Beam (17 Occurrences)

Whereas (55 Occurrences)

Bronze (146 Occurrences)

Ammonite (22 Occurrences)

Instruments (136 Occurrences)

Pan (26 Occurrences)

Brick (10 Occurrences)

Bits (54 Occurrences)

Brass (168 Occurrences)

Chariot (102 Occurrences)

Armor (53 Occurrences)

Smooth (39 Occurrences)

Iron Horns
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