Iron: Dug out of the Earth
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Iron, a significant metal in biblical times, is frequently mentioned in the Scriptures as a symbol of strength, durability, and sometimes oppression. Its extraction and use are indicative of the technological advancements of ancient civilizations, including those mentioned in the Bible.

Biblical References and Symbolism

Iron is first mentioned in Genesis 4:22, where Tubal-cain is described as "a forger of every implement of bronze and iron." This early reference highlights the importance of ironworking skills in the development of tools and weapons, which were crucial for both daily life and warfare.

In Deuteronomy 8:9, the Promised Land is described as "a land where you will eat food without scarcity, in which you will not lack anything, a land whose stones are iron and from whose hills you can dig copper." This passage underscores the abundance of natural resources, including iron, that God provided for the Israelites, symbolizing His provision and blessing.

Iron is also used metaphorically in the Bible to represent strength and resilience. In Job 40:18, the behemoth's bones are described as "tubes of bronze, his limbs like rods of iron," illustrating the creature's formidable strength. Similarly, in Daniel 2:40, the fourth kingdom is depicted as "strong as iron," emphasizing its power to crush and break all things.

Iron as a Tool and Weapon

The use of iron for tools and weapons is evident throughout the biblical narrative. In 1 Samuel 13:19-22, the Philistines' control over ironworking technology is noted, as they prevented the Israelites from having blacksmiths to make swords and spears. This strategic advantage highlights the critical role of iron in military dominance.

Iron's role in construction is also significant. In 1 Kings 6:7, the temple built by Solomon is described as being constructed with "dressed stones," and "neither hammer nor chisel nor any iron tool was heard in the temple while it was being built." This indicates the precision and care taken in the temple's construction, where iron tools were used offsite to prepare the materials.

Iron in Prophecy and Judgment

Iron is often associated with judgment and oppression in prophetic literature. In Isaiah 48:4, God describes the Israelites as "obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead is bronze," symbolizing their stubbornness and resistance to His commands. Similarly, in Revelation 2:27, the authority of Christ is depicted as ruling with "an iron scepter," signifying His unyielding and just rule over the nations.

Cultural and Historical Context

The extraction and use of iron in biblical times reflect the broader historical context of the ancient Near East. Iron smelting and forging were advanced technologies that required significant skill and knowledge. The ability to produce iron tools and weapons marked a significant technological leap from the earlier Bronze Age, leading to increased agricultural productivity and military capability.

In summary, iron in the Bible is a multifaceted symbol representing strength, provision, and sometimes judgment. Its presence in the biblical narrative underscores the technological and cultural advancements of the time, as well as the spiritual lessons conveyed through its metaphorical use.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Job 28:2
Iron is taken out of the earth, and brass is molten out of the stone.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Gold and Silver not Superior in Origin or in Utility to Other ...
... that the needs of our whole life are dependent upon iron and brass; whereas those
rich materials themselves, requiring both to be dug up out of mines ...
/.../tertullian/on the apparel of women/chapter v gold and silver not.htm

Jewish views on Trade, Tradesmen, and Trades' Guilds
... The reason of this is thus explained in the Mishnah, when describing how all the
stones for the altar were dug out of virgin-earth, no iron tool being employed ...
/.../edersheim/sketches of jewish social life/chapter 11 jewish views on.htm

Psalm CXLIX.
... am not come to send peace upon earth, but a ... their nobles in fetters," and that "of
iron."...For these ... obscurely, not that anything new should be dug out of them ...
/.../augustine/exposition on the book of psalms/psalm cxlix.htm

In the Beginning God Made the Heaven and the Earth.
... For fire leaps out from stones; iron which is dug from the earth produces
under friction fire in plentiful measure. A marvellous fact! ...
/.../basil/basil letters and select works/homily i in the beginning.htm

The Primitive Church.
... with the Church in Heaven and in earth constantly glorifying ... Trajan had found out
that the iron of the ... stone for building the city had been dug out, and where ...
/.../yonge/the chosen people/lesson xxiv the primitive church.htm

Canaan on Earth
... where robbers dwell, no inhabitants with chariots of iron. ... the land is irrigated,
of letting out a certain ... a trench, and then having small gutters dug in the ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 2 1856/canaan on earth.htm

Demonstration v. --Of Wars.
... given to him from heaven, the yoke of iron was broken ... of Thy righteous ones to the
beasts of the earth. ... And I dug out its winepress, the baptism of the priests ...
/.../aphrahat/aphrahat select demonstrations/demonstration v of wars.htm

What the Ruler's Discrimination Should be Between Correction and ...
... Which wall when he had dug into, there appeared a door ... outwardly, and afterwards
a door is pointed out for opening ... And do thou take unto thee an iron frying-pan ...
/.../leo/writings of leo the great/chapter x what the rulers.htm

Demonstration xxi. --Of Persecution.
... water of life, and they have gone and dug for themselves ... Elisha made the iron to
swim and the wood to sink ... Abel was murdered, and his blood cried out from the ...
/.../aphrahat/aphrahat select demonstrations/demonstration xxi of persecution.htm

The Tomb of Jesus
... is no common grave; it is not an excavation dug out by the ... the cerements of the tomb,
and hath come out more than ... I am made of dust, and not of iron; my bones ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 1 1855/the tomb of jesus.htm

Resources
What is the story of Deborah and Barak? | GotQuestions.org

Friendship ' Article Index | GotQuestions.org

What is an ox goad / oxgoad in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Iron: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible ConcordanceBible DictionaryBible EncyclopediaTopical BibleBible Thesuarus
Subtopics

Iron

Iron and Bronze

Iron of a Hard Barren Soil

Iron of Greater Gravity than Water

Iron of Severe Affliction

Iron of Severe Exercise of Power

Iron of Small Comparative Value

Iron of Strength

Iron of Stubbornness

Iron used from the Earliest Age

Iron: (Seared With) Insensibility of Conscience

Iron: A City of Naphtali

Iron: Admits of a High Polish

Iron: An Article of Commerce

Iron: Dug out of the Earth

Iron: Figurative

Iron: First Recorded Use of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Ax

Iron: First Recorded Use of Bedstead

Iron: First Recorded Use of Breastplate

Iron: First Recorded Use of Chariot

Iron: First Recorded Use of Fetters

Iron: First Recorded Use of File

Iron: First Recorded Use of Furnace

Iron: First Recorded Use of Gate

Iron: First Recorded Use of Harrow

Iron: First Recorded Use of Horn

Iron: First Recorded Use of Idols

Iron: First Recorded Use of Melted

Iron: First Recorded Use of Ore of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pans

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pen

Iron: First Recorded Use of Pillars

Iron: First Recorded Use of Rods for Scourging

Iron: First Recorded Use of Stones of

Iron: First Recorded Use of Threshing Instruments

Iron: First Recorded Use of Tools

Iron: First Recorded Use of Used in the Temple

Iron: First Recorded Use of Vessels

Iron: First Recorded Use of Weapons

Iron: First Recorded Use of Yokes

Iron: from the North Hardest and Best

Iron: Fusible

Iron: Great Quantity of, Provided for the Temple

Iron: Hardened Into Steel

Iron: Made Into: Armour

Iron: Made Into: Bars

Iron: Made Into: Bedsteads

Iron: Made Into: Chariots

Iron: Made Into: Fetters

Iron: Made Into: Gates

Iron: Made Into: Graving Tools

Iron: Made Into: Idols

Iron: Made Into: Implements for Husbandry

Iron: Made Into: Nails and Hinges

Iron: Made Into: Pillars

Iron: Made Into: Rods

Iron: Made Into: Tools for Artificers

Iron: Made Into: Weapons of War

Iron: Made Into: Yokes

Iron: Malleable

Iron: Miraculously Made to Swim

Iron: Mode of Purifying, Taken in War

Iron: Sharpens Things Made of

Iron: Strong and Durable

Iron: Taken in War, often Dedicated to God

Iron: The Land of Canaan Abounded With

Iron: Working In, a Trade

Related Terms

Iron-worker (4 Occurrences)

Iron-smith (1 Occurrence)

Iron-smelting (2 Occurrences)

Steel (7 Occurrences)

Tin (6 Occurrences)

Forge (2 Occurrences)

Tool (13 Occurrences)

Sawest (20 Occurrences)

Shoe (13 Occurrences)

Potter's (16 Occurrences)

Partly (7 Occurrences)

Baked (26 Occurrences)

Metals (1 Occurrence)

Miry (6 Occurrences)

Brand (4 Occurrences)

Axe (19 Occurrences)

War-carriages (76 Occurrences)

Ax (12 Occurrences)

Scepter (28 Occurrences)

Inasmuch (42 Occurrences)

Chariots (118 Occurrences)

Instrument (45 Occurrences)

Ironsmith (1 Occurrence)

Furnace (35 Occurrences)

Forger (1 Occurrence)

Toes (8 Occurrences)

Tubalcain (1 Occurrence)

Tubal-cain (1 Occurrence)

Axhead (1 Occurrence)

Ax-head

Shatters (8 Occurrences)

Clay (50 Occurrences)

Diverse (15 Occurrences)

Tools (3 Occurrences)

Copper (55 Occurrences)

Pen (16 Occurrences)

Wood-cutting (2 Occurrences)

Irons (5 Occurrences)

Finery (2 Occurrences)

Firmness (2 Occurrences)

Toughness (1 Occurrence)

Rabble (7 Occurrences)

Dog (19 Occurrences)

Picks (7 Occurrences)

Potters (3 Occurrences)

Blacksmith (3 Occurrences)

Bit (46 Occurrences)

Bolt (5 Occurrences)

Beateth (7 Occurrences)

Craftsmen (22 Occurrences)

Crushes (7 Occurrences)

Crusheth (4 Occurrences)

Axes (10 Occurrences)

Saws (4 Occurrences)

Subdueth (6 Occurrences)

Subdues (6 Occurrences)

Smashes (1 Occurrence)

Sharpened (13 Occurrences)

Bars (50 Occurrences)

Articles (78 Occurrences)

Polished (23 Occurrences)

Bruise (19 Occurrences)

Weighed (44 Occurrences)

Forasmuch (64 Occurrences)

Breaks (35 Occurrences)

Measured (91 Occurrences)

Crush (50 Occurrences)

Beam (17 Occurrences)

Whereas (55 Occurrences)

Bronze (146 Occurrences)

Ammonite (22 Occurrences)

Instruments (136 Occurrences)

Pan (26 Occurrences)

Brick (10 Occurrences)

Bits (54 Occurrences)

Brass (168 Occurrences)

Chariot (102 Occurrences)

Armor (53 Occurrences)

Smooth (39 Occurrences)

Iron: An Article of Commerce
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