The Moon: Appointed: To Rule the Night
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Topical Encyclopedia
The moon holds a significant place within the biblical narrative, serving as a celestial body appointed by God to govern the night. Its creation and purpose are outlined in the opening chapters of Genesis, where it is described as one of the two great lights established by God to illuminate the earth and to mark the passage of time.

Creation and Purpose

In Genesis 1:14-18 , the moon is introduced as part of God's creative work on the fourth day: "And God said, 'Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them serve as signs to mark seasons and days and years, and let them serve as lights in the expanse of the sky to shine upon the earth.' And it was so. God made two great lights—the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night. He also made the stars. God set them in the expanse of the sky to shine upon the earth, to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good."

The moon, referred to as the "lesser light," is thus appointed to rule the night, providing illumination and serving as a marker for time and seasons. Its cyclical phases have historically been used to measure months and to determine the timing of various religious festivals and observances.

Symbolism and Significance

Throughout Scripture, the moon is often used symbolically to represent constancy and faithfulness. In Psalm 89:37 , the enduring nature of the moon is likened to the faithfulness of God's covenant: "like the moon, established forever, a faithful witness in the sky."

The moon also plays a role in prophetic literature, where its darkening or turning to blood is associated with divine judgment and eschatological events. Joel 2:31 states, "The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and awesome day of the LORD." This imagery is echoed in the New Testament, particularly in the apocalyptic visions of Revelation.

Cultural and Religious Context

In the ancient Near Eastern context, the moon was often deified and worshiped as a god. However, the biblical narrative firmly establishes the moon as a creation of the one true God, Yahweh, who alone is worthy of worship. This distinction underscores the monotheistic foundation of the Hebrew faith and the rejection of idolatry.

The moon's role in marking time is also evident in the Hebrew calendar, which is lunar-based. Various Jewish festivals, such as Passover and the Feast of Tabernacles, are determined by the lunar cycle, highlighting the moon's importance in the religious life of Israel.

Theological Reflections

The appointment of the moon to rule the night reflects the order and intentionality of God's creation. It serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over the cosmos and His provision for humanity. The moon's consistent presence in the night sky is a testament to the reliability of God's creation and His ongoing care for the world.

In summary, the moon's biblical portrayal as the ruler of the night emphasizes its role in God's created order, its symbolic significance, and its function within the religious practices of ancient Israel. Through its appointed task, the moon reflects the glory and faithfulness of the Creator.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Genesis 1:16
And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Psalm 136:9
The moon and stars to rule by night: for his mercy endures for ever.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Influence of the Moon and Stars on Men.
... of the moon, that the cause of so great an evil is not the dumb and deaf demon,
but the great light in heaven which was appointed "to rule by night," and which ...
/.../origen/origens commentary on the gospel of matthew/6 influence of the moon.htm

The Meaning
... 47] , brought forth a King "who was to rule all nations ... luminary, for the dominion
of the night, why should not the symbol of the moon, appointed to the ...
//christianbookshelf.org/mede/a key to the apocalypse/the meaning 3.htm

How the Abbot Ceolfrid Sent Master-Builders to the King of the ...
... and do violence to the term of Easter appointed by the Law ... for the celebration of
Easter; but that moon which is ... the day, and the lesser light to rule the night ...
/.../bede/bedes ecclesiastical history of england/chap xxi how the abbot.htm

Concerning Light, Fire, the Luminaries, Sun, Moon and Stars.
... the moon and the stars, to have rule and authority ... The course which the Creator
[1721] appointed for them to ... For the divine David says, The moon and the stars ...
/.../john/exposition of the orthodox faith/chapter vii concerning light fire the.htm

The Friend Whose Years do not Fail. Rev. W. Arthur, MA
... When the Lord made the sun to rule the day and the moon to rule the night it ... with
its regulated, measured appointed movement; steady, by rule it rises to ...
/.../king/the wesleyan methodist pulpit in malvern/the friend whose years do.htm

Certain Prayers and Laws.
... but His servant as the only begotten God, and one appointed bishop of ... the sun to
have rule over the day, and the moon and the stars to have rule over the ...
/.../various/constitutions of the holy apostles/sec iv certain prayers and laws.htm

The Sympathy of the Two Worlds
... the throne of God, standing in serried ranks, marshalled not for battle but for
music, on certain set and appointed days they ... The moon to rule the night ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 4 1858/the sympathy of the two.htm

On the Creation of the World
... and the lesser, that the one might rule over the ... Counsel; when it made sun and moon
and other ... Therefore, doubtless, there are appointed also twelve angels of ...
/.../victorinus/on the creation of the world/on the creation of the.htm

Excerpts of Theodotus;
... the sun. For he is appointed for rule over days; as the moon is for ruling
over night. [281] Now angels are called days. Along with ...
/.../theodotus/excerpts of theodotus/excerpts of theodotus.htm

Chastity the Chief Ornament of the True Tabernacle; Seven
... men not yet being complete; and the sun arising to rule the day, and the moon the
night ... Then, when the appointed times shall have been accomplished, and God ...
/.../chapter i chastity the chief ornament.htm

Resources
What was Abraham's religion before God called him? | GotQuestions.org

Is an eclipse a sign of the end times? | GotQuestions.org

How is the date for Easter determined? | GotQuestions.org

Moon: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible ConcordanceBible DictionaryBible EncyclopediaTopical BibleBible Thesuarus
Subtopics

Moon

Moon: Created by God

Moon: Darkening of

Moon: Feast of the New Moon

Moon: Feast of the New Moon: Traffic at the Time of, Prohibited

Moon: Its Influences

Moon: Its Light

Moon: Joseph's Dream Concerning

Moon: No Light of, in Heaven

Moon: Seasons of (Months)

Moon: Shining of

Moon: Stands Still

Moon: Symbolical

Moon: Worship of, Forbidden

Moon: Worshiped

The Moon of Changeableness of the World

The Moon of Fairness of the Church

The Moon of Glory of Christ in the Church

The Moon: (Becoming Blood) of Judgments

The Moon: (Withdrawing Her Light) Deep Calamities

The Moon: Appointed by an Ordinance for Ever

The Moon: Appointed for a Light in the Firmament

The Moon: Appointed for Signs and Seasons

The Moon: Appointed for the Benefit of All

The Moon: Appointed: To Divide Day from Night

The Moon: Appointed: To Light the Earth by Night

The Moon: Appointed: To Rule the Night

The Moon: Bright

The Moon: Called the Lesser Light

The Moon: Created by God

The Moon: Fair

The Moon: First Appearance of, a Time of Festivity

The Moon: Has a Glory of Its Own

The Moon: Influences Vegetation

The Moon: Lunacy Attributed to the Influence of

The Moon: Made to Glorify God

The Moon: Miracles Connected With: Signs In, Before the Destruction of Jerusalem

The Moon: Miracles Connected With: Standing Still in Ajalon

The Moon: Worshipped As the Queen of Heaven

The Moon: Worshipping of Condemned As Atheism

The Moon: Worshipping of Forbidden to the Jews

The Moon: Worshipping of Jews often Guilty of

The Moon: Worshipping of Jews Punished For

The Moon: Worshipping of To be Punished With Death

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The Moon: Appointed: To Light the Earth by Night
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