1 Chronicles 1:51
New International Version
Hadad also died. The chiefs of Edom were: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

New Living Translation
Then Hadad died. The clan leaders of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

English Standard Version
And Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

Berean Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

King James Bible
Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,

New King James Version
Hadad died also. And the chiefs of Edom were Chief Timnah, Chief Aliah, Chief Jetheth,

New American Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Now the tribal chiefs of Edom were chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

NASB 1995
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

NASB 1977
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

Amplified Bible
Hadad died also. The chiefs of Edom were: chiefs Timna, Aliah, Jetheth,

Christian Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Edom’s chiefs: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Edom’s chiefs: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

American Standard Version
And Hadad died. And the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

Contemporary English Version
The Edomite clans were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

English Revised Version
And Hadad died. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timna, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Then Hadad died. The tribal leaders of Edom were Timna, Aliah, Jetheth,

Good News Translation
The people of Edom were divided into the following tribes: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

International Standard Version
Then Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom included the chiefs of Timna, Aliah, Jetheth,

Majority Standard Bible
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

NET Bible
Hadad died. Tribal Chiefs of Edom The tribal chiefs of Edom were: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

New Heart English Bible
Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Alvah, chief Jetheth,

Webster's Bible Translation
Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timna, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,

World English Bible
Then Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And chiefs of Edom are: Chief Timnah, Chief Aliah, Chief Jetheth,

Young's Literal Translation
And chiefs of Edom are: chief Timnah, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,

Smith's Literal Translation
And Hadad will die. And the chiefs of Edom will be chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And after the death of Adad, there began to be dukes in Edom instead of kings: duke Thamna, duke Alva, duke Jetheth,

Catholic Public Domain Version
And Hadar having died, there began to be commanders in Edom in place of kings: commander Thamna, commander Alvah, commander Jetheth,

New American Bible
After Hadad died, there were chiefs in Edom: the chiefs of Timna, Aliah, Jetheth,

New Revised Standard Version
And Hadad died. The clans of Edom were: clans Timna, Aliah, Jetheth,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Hadad died also. And the princes of Edom were prince Timnah, prince Anwa, prince Jetheth,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And there were Princes of Edom: Prince Tamna, Prince Ithith.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Hadad died. And the chiefs of Edom were: the chief of Timna, the chief of Alvah, the chief of Jetheth;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The princes of Edom: prince Thamna, prince Golada, prince Jether,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Rulers of Edom
50When Baal-hanan died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab. 51Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, 52Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon,…

Cross References
Genesis 36:40-43
These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, / Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, / Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, ...

Genesis 36:31-39
These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites: / Bela son of Beor reigned in Edom; the name of his city was Dinhabah. / When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place. ...

Genesis 36:1-8
This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom). / Esau took his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah daughter of Elon the Hittite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite, / and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth. ...

Genesis 36:9-19
This is the account of Esau, the father of the Edomites, in the area of Mount Seir. / These are the names of Esau’s sons: Eliphaz son of Esau’s wife Adah, and Reuel son of Esau’s wife Basemath. / The sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz. ...

Genesis 36:20-30
These are the sons of Seir the Horite, who were living in the land: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, / Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. They are the chiefs of the Horites, the descendants of Seir in the land of Edom. / The sons of Lotan were Hori and Hemam. Timna was Lotan’s sister. ...

Genesis 36:15-19
These are the chiefs among the sons of Esau. The sons of Eliphaz the firstborn of Esau: Chiefs Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz, / Korah, Gatam, and Amalek. They are the chiefs of Eliphaz in the land of Edom, and they are the grandsons of Adah. / These are the sons of Esau’s son Reuel: Chiefs Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. They are the chiefs descended from Reuel in the land of Edom, and they are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Basemath. ...

Genesis 36:10-14
These are the names of Esau’s sons: Eliphaz son of Esau’s wife Adah, and Reuel son of Esau’s wife Basemath. / The sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz. / Additionally, Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, gave birth to Amalek. These are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Adah. ...

Genesis 36:40
These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,

Genesis 36:41
Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon,

Genesis 36:42
Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar,

Genesis 36:43
Magdiel, and Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. Esau was the father of the Edomites.

Romans 9:12-13
not by works but by Him who calls, she was told, “The older will serve the younger.” / So it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”

Romans 9:10-11
Not only that, but Rebecca’s children were conceived by one man, our father Isaac. / Yet before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad, in order that God’s plan of election might stand,

Romans 9:6-9
It is not as though God’s word has failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel. / Nor because they are Abraham’s descendants are they all his children. On the contrary, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.” / So it is not the children of the flesh who are God’s children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as offspring. ...

Romans 9:1-5
I speak the truth in Christ; I am not lying, as confirmed by my conscience in the Holy Spirit. / I have deep sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. / For I could wish that I myself were cursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my own flesh and blood, ...


Treasury of Scripture

Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,

Aliah.

Genesis 36:40
And these are the names of the dukes that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names; duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth,

Alvah.

Jump to Previous
Alvah Chief Chiefs Died Duke Dukes Edom End Hadad Jetheth Timna Timnah
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Alvah Chief Chiefs Died Duke Dukes Edom End Hadad Jetheth Timna Timnah
1 Chronicles 1
1. Adam's line to Noah.
5. The sons of Japheth.
8. The sons of Ham.
17. The sons of Shem.
24. Shem's line to Abraham.
29. Ishmael's sons.
32. The sons of Keturah.
34. The posterity of Abraham by Esau.
38. The sons of Seir.
43. The kings of Edom.
51. The dukes of Edom.














Then Hadad died.
This phrase marks the end of Hadad's reign as a leader in Edom. Hadad is a name associated with several rulers in the Bible, and it is also the name of a storm god in ancient Near Eastern cultures, particularly among the Arameans. The death of a leader often signifies a transition of power, which is a common theme in the historical narratives of the Old Testament. The mention of Hadad's death here may indicate a period of change or instability in Edom, a region south of the Dead Sea, which was often in conflict with Israel.

Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
This list of chiefs represents a shift in leadership structure in Edom. The term "chiefs" suggests a tribal or clan-based system of governance, which was typical in the ancient Near East. Each name likely represents a family or clan leader, indicating a decentralized form of leadership.

Timna
Timna is also mentioned as a concubine of Eliphaz, Esau's son, in Genesis 36:12. This connection highlights the interwoven relationships between the Edomites and the descendants of Esau, Jacob's brother. The name Timna is associated with a region or a clan within Edom, suggesting a significant role in the tribal hierarchy.

Alvah
Little is known about Alvah, but the name appears in genealogical records, indicating its importance in the lineage of Edom. The repetition of such names in biblical genealogies underscores the importance of heritage and continuity in ancient cultures.

Jetheth
Like Alvah, Jetheth is not extensively detailed in the biblical text, but its inclusion in the list of chiefs signifies its role in the leadership of Edom. The mention of these chiefs in 1 Chronicles reflects the chronicler's interest in documenting the history and lineage of Israel's neighbors, providing context for Israel's own story.

These names and their roles as chiefs highlight the complex social and political structures of Edom, a nation often at odds with Israel but also sharing a common ancestry through Esau. The chronicler's inclusion of Edomite leaders serves to remind the reader of the broader narrative of God's dealings with all nations, not just Israel.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Hadad
A king of Edom, mentioned in the genealogies of Edom's rulers. His death marks a transition in leadership.

2. Edom
A region and people descended from Esau, Jacob's brother. Edom often had a contentious relationship with Israel.

3. Chief Timna
One of the chiefs of Edom, indicating a position of leadership or authority within the Edomite tribal structure.

4. Chief Aliah
Another leader among the Edomites, part of the tribal hierarchy.

5. Chief Jetheth
Also a chief in Edom, representing the governance system in place after Hadad's death.
Teaching Points
Leadership Transition
The death of Hadad and the mention of new chiefs highlight the importance of leadership transitions. In our lives, we should be prepared for changes in leadership and understand how they can impact communities.

Genealogical Importance
The genealogies in Chronicles remind us of the importance of heritage and history. As believers, we should value our spiritual heritage and learn from the past to guide our future.

Edom's Role in Biblical History
Understanding Edom's place in biblical history helps us see the broader account of God's plan. We should recognize how different nations and peoples fit into God's redemptive account.

Conflict and Reconciliation
The history of Edom and Israel is marked by conflict. This serves as a reminder of the need for reconciliation and peace in our relationships, both personal and communal.

God's Sovereignty
The rise and fall of leaders and nations in the Bible demonstrate God's sovereignty over history. We can trust that God is in control, even when human leadership changes.(51) Hadad died also.--Rather, And Hadad died, and there were (or arose) chiliarchs of Edom, the chiliarch of Timnah, the chiliarch of Aliah, &c. This appears to state that Hadad was the last king of Edom, and that after his death the country was governed by the heads of the various clans or tribes, without any central authority. In Genesis 36:40, the sentence, "And Hadad died," is wanting, and the transition from the kings to the chiliarchs is thus effected: "And these are the names of the chiliarchs of Esau, after their clans, after their places, by their names: the chiliarch of Timnah," &c. The chiliarchs ('all-phim, from 'eleph, a thousand) were the heads of the thousands or clans (mishpehoth) of Edom (Genesis 36:40). (See Note on 1Chronicles 14:1.) The names in these verses are not personal, but tribal and local, as the conclusion of the account in Genesis 36:43 indicates: "These are the chiliarchs of Edom, after their seats, in the land of their domain." Comp. the names of the sons of Esau and Seir (1Chronicles 1:35-42). This makes it clear that Timnah and Aholibamah were towns. The king of Edom is often mentioned elsewhere in the Old Testament. (See Numbers 20:14; Amos 2:1-8 th cent. B.C. ; 2Kings 3:9 - 9th cent.) According to Ewald (Hist. p. 46), the chieftains of Edom follow the list of kings, "as if David had already vanquished the last king of Edom, and put it under" merely tribal government, in subordination to himself. "The Hadad who fled very young to Egypt at David's conquest (1Kings 11:14-22) may have been grandson of Hadad, the last king." . . . Verses 51-54. - H. LIST OF ELEVEN DUKES OF EDOM. These, the remaining verses of ch. 1, appear to give a list of eleven dukes of Edom, emphasized apparently as "the dukes of Edom," as though there were none before or after them. But see Genesis 36:15, 41, 43, the study of which can scarcely leave a doubt on the mind that this list is not one of persons but of places; e.g. "the duke" of the city, or region of "Timnah," and so on. The places were dukedoms. The names of these verses, in both Authorized Version and Hebrew text, are an exact counterpart of those found in Genesis 36:40-43, except that Aliah here (so Allan, ver. 40) stands for Alvah in Genesis. In the Septuagint we have Golada, Elibamas, and Babsar here, for Gola, Olibemas, and Mazar there. Thus this first chapter contains those genealogical tables which concern the patriarchs from Adam up to Israel, spanning a stretch of some two thousand three hundred years, and embracing also tables of Edom and certain of the descendants of Edom up to the period of kings. The chapter contains not a single instance of a remark that could be described as of a moral, religious, or didactic kind. Yet not a little is to be learnt sometimes, not a little suggested, from omission and solemn silence as well as from speech; no more notable instance of which could perhaps be given, when we take into account time, place, and circumstances, than that already alluded to in the omissions involved in the following of the name of Seth upon that of Adam. The genealogies of this chapter, with their parallels in Genesis, are notable also for standing unique in all the world's writing, and far over all the world's mythology, for retracing the pedigree of the wide family of men, and especially of the now scattered family of the Jew, to its original. From the time of the close of our Chronicle genealogies, supplemented by the earliest of the New Testament, no similarly comprehensive but useful, ambitious but deliberately designed and successfully executed enterprise has been attempted. And as Matthew Henry has well said, since Christ came, the Jews have lost all their genealogies, even the most sacred of them, "the building is reared, the scaffold is removed; the Seed is come, the line that led to him is broken off."



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Then Hadad
הֲדָ֑ד (hă·ḏāḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1908: Hadad -- three Edomites

died.
וַיָּ֖מָת (way·yā·māṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

Now the chiefs
אַלּוּפֵ֣י (’al·lū·p̄ê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 441: Familiar, a friend, gentle, a bullock, a chieftain

of Edom [were]
אֱד֔וֹם (’ĕ·ḏō·wm)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 123: The name of a condiment

Timna,
תִּמְנָ֛ע (tim·nā‘)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8555: Timna -- an Edomite name

Alvah,
עַֽלְוָ֖ה (‘al·wāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5933: Aliah -- an Edomite

Jetheth,
יְתֵֽת׃ (yə·ṯêṯ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3509: Jetheth -- an Edomite


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 1:51 Hadad died (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 1:50
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