1 Chronicles 2:46
New International Version
Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

New Living Translation
Caleb’s concubine Ephah gave birth to Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

English Standard Version
Ephah also, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran fathered Gazez.

Berean Standard Bible
Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

King James Bible
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez.

New King James Version
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran begot Gazez.

New American Standard Bible
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, gave birth to Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran fathered Gazez.

NASB 1995
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.

NASB 1977
And Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.

Legacy Standard Bible
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.

Amplified Bible
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, gave birth to Haran, Moza, and Gazez; Haran became the father of Gazez.

Christian Standard Bible
Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran fathered Gazez.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran fathered Gazez.

American Standard Version
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez; and Haran begat Gazez.

Contemporary English Version
Ephah was one of Caleb's wives, and their sons were Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran named his son after his brother Gazez.

English Revised Version
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Ephah, Caleb's concubine, was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

Good News Translation
Caleb had a concubine named Ephah, and by her he had three more sons: Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran also had a son named Gazez. (

International Standard Version
Caleb's mistress Ephah also bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran fathered Gazez.

Majority Standard Bible
Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

NET Bible
Caleb's concubine Ephah bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

New Heart English Bible
Ephah, Caleb's secondary wife, bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez.

World English Bible
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Ephah concubine of Caleb bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez; and Haran begot Gazez.

Young's Literal Translation
And Ephah concubine of Caleb bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez; and Haran begat Gazez.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Epha the concubine of Caleb bore Haran, and Mesa, and Gezez. And Haran beget Gezez.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Now Ephah, the concubine of Caleb, bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez. And Haran conceived Gazez.

New American Bible
Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran became the father of Gazez.

New Revised Standard Version
Ephah also, Caleb’s concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; and Haran became the father of Gazez.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the son of Shammai was Maon; and Maon was the father of Bethzur.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
These were the sons of Kalab, son of Khur, the firstborn of Aphrath: Shabal was born in Quryath Narin.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez; and Haran begot Gazez.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Gaepha the concubine of Chaleb bore Aram, and Mosa, and Gezue.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Sons of Israel
45The son of Shammai was Maon, and Maon was the father of Beth-zur. 46Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez. 47The sons of Jahdai: Regem, Jotham, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah, and Shaaph.…

Cross References
Genesis 25:1-4
Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah, / and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. / Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites. ...

Genesis 36:12
Additionally, Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, gave birth to Amalek. These are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Adah.

Numbers 26:20-21
These were the descendants of Judah by their clans: The Shelanite clan from Shelah, the Perezite clan from Perez, and the Zerahite clan from Zerah. / And these were the descendants of Perez: the Hezronite clan from Hezron and the Hamulite clan from Hamul.

Joshua 15:13-19
According to the LORD’s command to him, Joshua gave Caleb son of Jephunneh a portion among the sons of Judah—Kiriath-arba, that is, Hebron. (Arba was the forefather of Anak.) / And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—the descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. / From there he marched against the inhabitants of Debir (formerly known as Kiriath-sepher). ...

Ruth 4:18-22
Now these are the generations of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron, / Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab, / Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, Nahshon was the father of Salmon, ...

2 Samuel 23:8-39
These are the names of David’s mighty men: Josheb-basshebeth the Tahchemonite was chief of the Three. He wielded his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed at one time. / Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty men, he went with David to taunt the Philistines who had gathered for battle at Pas-dammim. The men of Israel retreated, / but Eleazar stood his ground and struck the Philistines until his hand grew weary and stuck to his sword. The LORD brought about a great victory that day. Then the troops returned to him, but only to plunder the dead. ...

1 Kings 4:1-19
So King Solomon ruled over Israel, / and these were his chief officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest; / Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; ...

1 Chronicles 4:1-4
The descendants of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal. / Reaiah son of Shobal was the father of Jahath, and Jahath was the father of Ahumai and Lahad. These were the clans of the Zorathites. / These were the sons of Etam: Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. And their sister was named Hazzelelponi. ...

1 Chronicles 7:14-19
The descendants of Manasseh: Asriel through his Aramean concubine. She also gave birth to Machir the father of Gilead. / Machir took a wife from among the Huppites and Shuppites. The name of his sister was Maacah. Another descendant was named Zelophehad, who had only daughters. / Machir’s wife Maacah gave birth to a son, and she named him Peresh. His brother was named Sheresh, and his sons were Ulam and Rekem. ...

1 Chronicles 11:10-47
Now these were the chiefs of David’s mighty men, who, together with all Israel, bolstered and strengthened his kingdom, according to the word of the LORD concerning Israel. / This is the list of David’s mighty men: Jashobeam son of Hachmoni was chief of the officers; he wielded his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed at one time. / Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three mighty men. ...

1 Chronicles 12:1-22
Now these were the men who came to David at Ziklag, while he was still banished from the presence of Saul son of Kish (they were among the mighty men who helped him in battle; / they were archers using both the right and left hands to sling stones and shoot arrows; and they were Saul’s kinsmen from Benjamin): / Ahiezer their chief and Joash, who were the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite; ...

1 Chronicles 27:16-22
These officers were in charge of the tribes of Israel: Over the Reubenites was Eliezer son of Zichri; over the Simeonites was Shephatiah son of Maacah; / over Levi was Hashabiah son of Kemuel; over Aaron was Zadok; / over Judah was Elihu, one of David’s brothers; over Issachar was Omri son of Michael; ...

Matthew 1:1-17
This is the record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham: / Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. / Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. ...

Luke 3:23-38
Jesus Himself was about thirty years old when He began His ministry. He was regarded as the son of Joseph, the son of Heli, / the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph, / the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Esli, the son of Naggai, ...

Acts 7:8
Then God gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision, and Abraham became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day. And Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob of the twelve patriarchs.


Treasury of Scripture

And Ephah, Caleb's concubine, bore Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez.

Caleb's.

1 Chronicles 2:18,19,48
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon…

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1 Chronicles 2
1. The sons of Israel.
3. The posterity of Judah by Tamar.
13. The children of Jesse.
18. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hezron.
21. Hezron's posterity by the daughter of Machir.
25. Jerahmeel's posterity.
34. Sheshan's posterity.
42. Another branch of Caleb's posterity.
50. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hur.














Ephah, Caleb’s concubine
The mention of "Ephah" as a concubine of Caleb provides insight into the familial and social structures of ancient Israel. In Hebrew, the term for concubine is "pilegesh," which denotes a woman who, while not a wife, held a recognized and legitimate position within the household. This reflects the patriarchal society of the time, where concubinage was a common practice for expanding family lines and securing alliances. Caleb, a prominent figure from the tribe of Judah, is known for his faithfulness and courage, particularly during the exploration of Canaan (Numbers 13-14). The inclusion of Ephah in the genealogical record underscores the importance of all family members in the lineage of Israel, highlighting God's use of diverse individuals to fulfill His purposes.

bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez
The act of "bearing" children in the biblical context is often associated with the fulfillment of God's promises and the continuation of His covenant with His people. Each name listed—Haran, Moza, and Gazez—carries its own significance. "Haran" may mean "mountaineer" or "exalted," suggesting a person of stature or importance. "Moza" can be translated as "departure" or "going forth," possibly indicating a role in leading or pioneering. "Gazez" means "shearer," which could imply a connection to agriculture or pastoral life, common occupations in ancient Israel. The naming of these sons reflects the cultural and economic backdrop of the time, where names often conveyed character traits, destiny, or familial hopes.

Haran was the father of Gazez
This phrase highlights the generational continuity and the importance of lineage in the biblical narrative. The Hebrew word for "father" is "ab," which not only denotes a biological relationship but also implies a role of leadership, provision, and spiritual guidance. The repetition of "Gazez" emphasizes the significance of this individual within the family line. In the broader scriptural context, genealogies serve to connect the past with the present, demonstrating God's faithfulness across generations. They remind readers of the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through ordinary human lives, encouraging believers to see their own place within God's ongoing story.

II.--1Chronicles 2:46-49 : The sons of Ephah and Maachah, two concubines of Caleb.

(46) Ephah, Caleb's concubine . . .--These sons of concubines appear to represent mixed populations or tribal groups considered to be of less pure descent than the chief houses of Caleb. The same title of inferiority might cover a relation of dependence, something like that of the clients of the great Roman houses. The name Ephah occurred in 1Chronicles 1:33 as a tribe of the Midianites. It is likely, therefore, that we have before us a record of the admixture of a Midianite element with the southern Judeans.

Haran.--Abraham's brother (Genesis 11:26); a place in Mesopotamia where Abraham settled (Genesis 11:31). It is the Assyrian harranu (high-road). The Midianites claimed descent from Abraham (1Chronicles 1:33), this name therefore might well be borne by a semi-Midianite clan. . . .

Verses 46-49 give the names (the first of which appears as that of a man also, next verse and 1 Chronicles 1:33) of two additional concubines of Caleb, and of their descendants.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Caleb’s
כָּלֵ֔ב (kā·lêḇ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3612: Caleb -- a son of Jephunneh and sent by Moses to spy out the land

concubine
פִּילֶ֣גֶשׁ (pî·le·ḡeš)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 6370: A concubine, a paramour

Ephah
וְעֵיפָה֙ (wə·‘ê·p̄āh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5891: Ephah -- two Israelites, also a Midianite

was the mother
יָֽלְדָ֛ה (yā·lə·ḏāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage

of Haran,
חָרָ֥ן (ḥā·rān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2771: Haran -- 'crossroads', a city in northern Mesopotamia

Moza,
מוֹצָ֖א (mō·w·ṣā)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4162: Moza -- a son of Caleb, also a descendant of Saul

and Gazez.
גָּזֵ֑ז (gā·zêz)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1495: Gazez -- two Israelites

Haran
וְחָרָ֖ן (wə·ḥā·rān)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2771: Haran -- 'crossroads', a city in northern Mesopotamia

was the father of
הֹלִ֥יד (hō·lîḏ)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage

Gazez.
גָּזֵֽז׃ (gā·zêz)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1495: Gazez -- two Israelites


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 2:46 Ephah Caleb's concubine bore Haran and Moza (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 2:45
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