Exodus 32:31
New International Version
So Moses went back to the LORD and said, “Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made themselves gods of gold.

New Living Translation
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, what a terrible sin these people have committed. They have made gods of gold for themselves.

English Standard Version
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Alas, this people has sinned a great sin. They have made for themselves gods of gold.

Berean Standard Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made gods of gold for themselves.

King James Bible
And Moses returned unto the LORD, and said, Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold.

New King James Version
Then Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, these people have committed a great sin, and have made for themselves a god of gold!

New American Standard Bible
Then Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, this people has committed a great sin, and they have made a god of gold for themselves!

NASB 1995
Then Moses returned to the LORD, and said, “Alas, this people has committed a great sin, and they have made a god of gold for themselves.

NASB 1977
Then Moses returned to the LORD, and said, “Alas, this people has committed a great sin, and they have made a god of gold for themselves.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Moses returned to Yahweh and said, “Alas, this people has committed a great sin, and they have made gods of gold for themselves.

Amplified Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD, and said, “Oh, these people have committed a great sin [against You], and have made themselves a god of gold.

Christian Standard Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, these people have committed a grave sin; they have made a god of gold for themselves.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, these people have committed a grave sin; they have made a god of gold for themselves.

American Standard Version
And Moses returned unto Jehovah, and said, Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold.

Contemporary English Version
Moses returned to the LORD and said, "The people have committed a terrible sin. They have made a gold idol to be their god.

English Revised Version
And Moses returned unto the LORD, and said, Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So Moses went back to the LORD and said, "These people have committed such a serious sin! They made gods out of gold for themselves.

Good News Translation
Moses then returned to the LORD and said, "These people have committed a terrible sin. They have made a god out of gold and worshiped it.

International Standard Version
Moses returned to the LORD and said, "Please, LORD, this people committed a great sin by making a god of gold for themselves.

Majority Standard Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, ?Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made gods of gold for themselves.

NET Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, "Alas, this people has committed a very serious sin, and they have made for themselves gods of gold.

New Heart English Bible
Moses returned to the LORD, and said, "Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made themselves gods of gold.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Moses returned to the LORD, and said, Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold.

World English Bible
Moses returned to Yahweh, and said, “Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made themselves gods of gold.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Moses turns back to YHWH and says, “Ah, now this people has sinned a great sin, that they make a god of gold for themselves;

Young's Literal Translation
And Moses turneth back unto Jehovah, and saith, 'Oh this people hath sinned a great sin, that they make to themselves a god of gold;

Smith's Literal Translation
And Moses will turn back to Jehovah, and say, Ah, now, this people sinned a great sin, and they will make to them golden gods.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And returning to the Lord, he said: I beseech thee: this people hath sinned a heinous sin, and they have made to themselves gods of gold: either forgive them this trespass,

Catholic Public Domain Version
And returning to the Lord, he said: “I beg you, this people has sinned the greatest sin, and they have made for themselves gods of gold. Either release them from this offense,

New American Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Ah, this people has committed a grave sin in making a god of gold for themselves!

New Revised Standard Version
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Alas, this people has sinned a great sin; they have made for themselves gods of gold.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
So Moses returned to the LORD and said, I beseech thee, O LORD God, truly this people have sinned a great sin and have made for themselves gods of gold.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And it was the day after it and Moshe said to the people, “You have sinned this great sin; now I shall ascend to LORD JEHOVAH; perhaps He shall forgive your debts.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Moses returned unto the LORD, and said: 'Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them a god of gold.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Moses returned to the Lord and said, I pray, O Lord, this people has sinned a great sin, and they have made for themselves golden gods.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Moses Intercedes for Israel
30The next day Moses said to the people, “You have committed a great sin. Now I will go up to the LORD; perhaps I can make atonement for your sin.” 31So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made gods of gold for themselves. 32Yet now, if You would only forgive their sin.... But if not, please blot me out of the book that You have written.”…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 9:18-20
Then I fell down before the LORD for forty days and forty nights, as I had done the first time. I did not eat bread or drink water because of all the sin you had committed in doing what was evil in the sight of the LORD and provoking Him to anger. / For I was afraid of the anger and wrath that the LORD had directed against you, enough to destroy you. But the LORD listened to me this time as well. / The LORD was angry enough with Aaron to destroy him, but at that time I also prayed for Aaron.

Deuteronomy 9:25-29
So I fell down before the LORD for forty days and forty nights, because the LORD had said He would destroy you. / And I prayed to the LORD and said, “O Lord GOD, do not destroy Your people, Your inheritance, whom You redeemed through Your greatness and brought out of Egypt with a mighty hand. / Remember Your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Overlook the stubbornness of this people and the wickedness of their sin. ...

Psalm 106:19-23
At Horeb they made a calf and worshiped a molten image. / They exchanged their Glory for the image of a grass-eating ox. / They forgot God their Savior, who did great things in Egypt, ...

Numbers 14:11-20
And the LORD said to Moses, “How long will this people treat Me with contempt? How long will they refuse to believe in Me, despite all the signs I have performed among them? / I will strike them with a plague and destroy them—and I will make you into a nation greater and mightier than they are.” / But Moses said to the LORD, “The Egyptians will hear of it, for by Your strength You brought this people from among them. ...

Nehemiah 9:18-19
Even when they cast for themselves an image of a calf and said, ‘This is your God who brought you up out of Egypt,’ and when they committed terrible blasphemies, / You in Your great compassion did not forsake them in the wilderness. By day the pillar of cloud never turned away from guiding them on their path; and by the night the pillar of fire illuminated the way they should go.

1 Kings 19:10
“I have been very zealous for the LORD, the God of Hosts,” he replied, “but the Israelites have forsaken Your covenant, torn down Your altars, and killed Your prophets with the sword. I am the only one left, and they are seeking my life as well.”

Isaiah 53:12
Therefore I will allot Him a portion with the great, and He will divide the spoils with the strong, because He has poured out His life unto death, and He was numbered with the transgressors. Yet He bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors.

Jeremiah 18:20
Should good be repaid with evil? Yet they have dug a pit for me. Remember how I stood before You to speak good on their behalf, to turn Your wrath from them.

Daniel 9:15-19
Now, O Lord our God, who brought Your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and who made for Yourself a name renowned to this day, we have sinned; we have acted wickedly. / O Lord, in keeping with all Your righteous acts, I pray that Your anger and wrath may turn away from Your city Jerusalem, Your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and Your people are a reproach to all around us. / So now, our God, hear the prayers and petitions of Your servant. For Your sake, O Lord, cause Your face to shine upon Your desolate sanctuary. ...

Romans 9:3
For I could wish that I myself were cursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my own flesh and blood,

1 Corinthians 10:7
Do not be idolaters, as some of them were. As it is written: “The people sat down to eat and drink and got up to indulge in revelry.”

Acts 7:39-41
But our fathers refused to obey him. Instead, they rejected him and in their hearts turned back to Egypt. / They said to Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go before us! As for this Moses who led us out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him.’ / At that time they made a calf and offered a sacrifice to the idol, rejoicing in the works of their hands.

Hebrews 3:16-19
For who were the ones who heard and rebelled? Were they not all those Moses led out of Egypt? / And with whom was God angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? / And to whom did He swear that they would never enter His rest? Was it not to those who disobeyed? ...

1 John 2:1-2
My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you will not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate before the Father—Jesus Christ, the Righteous One. / He Himself is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.

1 Timothy 2:5
For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,


Treasury of Scripture

And Moses returned to the LORD, and said, Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold.

returned

Exodus 34:28
And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

Deuteronomy 9:18,19
And I fell down before the LORD, as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread, nor drink water, because of all your sins which ye sinned, in doing wickedly in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger…

sinned

Exodus 32:30
And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses said unto the people, Ye have sinned a great sin: and now I will go up unto the LORD; peradventure I shall make an atonement for your sin.

Ezra 9:6,7,15
And said, O my God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to thee, my God: for our iniquities are increased over our head, and our trespass is grown up unto the heavens…

Nehemiah 9:33
Howbeit thou art just in all that is brought upon us; for thou hast done right, but we have done wickedly:

made

Exodus 20:4,23
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: …

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Alas Committed Gods Gold Great Moses Sin Sinned Themselves Turneth
Exodus 32
1. The people in the absence of Moses, caused Aaron to make a calf
7. God informs Moses, who intercedes for Israel, and prevails
15. Moses comes down with the tablets
19. He breaks them
20. He destroys the calf
22. Aaron's excuse for himself
25. Moses causes the idolaters to be slain
30. He prays for the people














So Moses returned to the LORD
This phrase highlights Moses' role as an intercessor between God and the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "returned" is "שׁוּב" (shuv), which means to turn back or return. This action signifies Moses' commitment to seeking God's mercy despite the people's rebellion. Historically, Moses' return to the LORD emphasizes the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where Moses acts as a mediator, reflecting Christ's future role as the ultimate mediator.

and said, 'Oh, what a great sin these people have committed
The phrase "great sin" underscores the severity of the Israelites' actions. The Hebrew word for "sin" is "חַטָּאָה" (chatta'ah), which conveys the idea of missing the mark or transgression. This acknowledgment by Moses is crucial, as it shows his understanding of the gravity of idolatry, which is a direct violation of the first two commandments. The historical context here is the covenant at Sinai, where the Israelites had just pledged their allegiance to God, making their sin even more grievous.

they have made gods of gold for themselves
This phrase points to the specific nature of the Israelites' sin—idolatry. The Hebrew word for "gods" is "אֱלֹהִים" (elohim), which can mean gods or judges, but in this context, it refers to false deities. The making of "gods of gold" is a direct reference to the golden calf, an idol fashioned while Moses was on Mount Sinai. Archaeologically, this reflects the influence of Egyptian culture, where animal deities were common. Scripturally, this act of creating a tangible god represents a lack of faith and patience, contrasting with the invisible, omnipotent God who delivered them from Egypt. This serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of turning away from God to worship material things, a theme that resonates throughout the Bible.

(31) Moses returned unto the Lord--i.e., re-ascended Sinai, to the place where he had passed the forty days and nights.

Gods of gold.--Rather, a god of gold. (Comp. Note 3 on Exodus 32:1.) The plural is one of dignity.

Verse 31. - Gods of gold. Rather "a god of gold."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So Moses
מֹשֶׁ֛ה (mō·šeh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872: Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver

returned
וַיָּ֧שָׁב (way·yā·šāḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again

to
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

and said,
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר (way·yō·mar)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Oh,
אָ֣נָּ֗א (’ān·nā)
Interjection
Strong's 577: Ah, now! I (we) beseech you!

what a great
גְדֹלָ֔ה (ḡə·ḏō·lāh)
Adjective - feminine singular
Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent

sin
חֲטָאָ֣ה (ḥă·ṭā·’āh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 2401: An offence, a sacrifice for, it

these
הַזֶּה֙ (haz·zeh)
Article | Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088: This, that

people
הָעָ֤ם (hā·‘ām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

have committed;
חָטָ֞א (ḥā·ṭā)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2398: To miss, to sin, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, lead astray, condemn

they have made
וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֥וּ (way·ya·‘ă·śū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 6213: To do, make

gods
אֱלֹהֵ֥י (’ĕ·lō·hê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

of gold
זָהָֽב׃ (zā·hāḇ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2091: Gold, something gold-colored, as oil, a clear sky

for themselves.
לָהֶ֖ם (lā·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew


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OT Law: Exodus 32:31 Moses returned to Yahweh and said Oh (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 32:30
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