and two gold rings
Rings were used to attach the breastpiece to the ephod, ensuring it remained securely in place. The use of gold for the rings emphasizes the importance of the breastpiece, which held the Urim and Thummim, tools for divine decision-making. This connection highlights the role of the high priest as a mediator between God and the Israelites, a role ultimately fulfilled by Jesus Christ as the eternal high priest.

and fastened the two rings to the two corners of the breastpiece
The breastpiece was a central part of the high priest's garments, symbolizing judgment and the presence of God among His people. The fastening of the rings to the corners ensured that the breastpiece was stable and properly positioned, signifying the importance of order and precision in worship. This meticulous attention to detail reflects the orderliness of God's creation and His desire for His people to approach Him with reverence and respect. The breastpiece, with its twelve stones representing the tribes of Israel, also points to the unity and diversity of God's people, a theme echoed in the New Testament with the Church as the body of Christ.

Gold in Scripture consistently signifies purity, value, and divine glory (Exodus 25:11; 1 Kings 6:20–22; Revelation 21:18). The choice of “filigree,” a delicate, interwoven pattern, highlights both craftsmanship and care. God did not ask for a rough chunk of metal; He called for refined artistry, reflecting His own perfection (Exodus 31:3–5). In the breastpiece of the high priest, these settings serve as the foundational holders for the onyx stones engraved with Israel’s tribes (Exodus 28:11).

• Purity: Gold’s untarnished nature illustrates holiness (Psalm 19:9–10).

• Permanence: Unlike wood or bronze, gold does not corrode, underscoring the enduring covenant (Hebrews 10:23).

• Precision: The filigree pattern mirrors the detailed obedience God expects (James 1:25).

Rings function as connectors between the breastpiece and the ephod. Their circular form suggests completeness and unity (Ecclesiastes 3:14). By specifying “two,” the Lord ensures symmetrical balance—nothing is random (1 Corinthians 14:33). The rings guarantee that the precious stones remain securely in place over the high priest’s heart (Exodus 28:29).

• Connection: Rings tie together separate priestly garments into one cohesive whole (Ephesians 4:16).

• Accessibility: Gold rings allow cords to pass through easily, enabling movement while maintaining order (Psalm 37:23).

Action follows instruction. The artisans did not merely craft components; they attached them exactly as commanded (Exodus 39:42–43). Fastening speaks of readiness for service; loose parts would jeopardize ministry (2 Timothy 2:21). Obedience here is practical, not abstract.

• Immediate compliance: They “fastened,” acting promptly (James 1:22).

• Secure attachment: True worship requires both right materials and right application (John 4:24).

Corners mark boundaries and give shape. Setting rings at “the two corners” ensures the breastpiece hangs squarely, reinforcing fairness in judgment (Isaiah 11:3–4). God’s design leaves no room for imbalance; justice must be even (Deuteronomy 16:20).

• Fixed points: Corners stabilize the garment, just as God’s statutes stabilize life (Psalm 119:105).

• Visible alignment: Proper placement presents a clear testimony before the congregation (Matthew 5:16).

The breastpiece, bearing twelve stones for Israel’s tribes (Exodus 28:21), rests over the high priest’s heart. Every part—settings, rings, cords—serves to keep God’s people close to His representative. This foreshadows Christ, our High Priest, who carries believers on His heart continually (Hebrews 7:24–25).

• Representation: Each stone equals one tribe, reminding us God knows us by name (Isaiah 49:16).

• Intercession: The breastpiece’s stability ensures constant remembrance before the Lord (Romans 8:34).

Exodus 39:16 shows meticulous obedience to God’s detailed design: pure gold filigree settings, secure rings, deliberate fastening, precise corner placement, all for the breastpiece that symbolizes Israel borne on the high priest’s heart. The verse underscores God’s holiness, the necessity of exact obedience, and the unbreakable connection between God and His people—a connection perfectly fulfilled in Jesus Christ.