Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version and the other ends of the chains to the two settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. New Living Translation They tied the other ends of the cords to the gold settings on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod. English Standard Version They attached the two ends of the two cords to the two settings of filigree. Thus they attached it in front to the shoulder pieces of the ephod. Berean Standard Bible and they fastened the other ends of the two chains to the two filigree settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. King James Bible And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod, before it. New King James Version The two ends of the two braided chains they fastened in the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod in the front. New American Standard Bible And they put the other two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. NASB 1995 They put the other two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. NASB 1977 And they put the other two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. Legacy Standard Bible They put the other two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. Amplified Bible They put the [other] two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. Christian Standard Bible They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way they attached them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in front. Holman Christian Standard Bible They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings and, in this way, attached them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in front. American Standard Version And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, in the forepart thereof. English Revised Version And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains they put on the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod, in the forepart thereof. GOD'S WORD® Translation They fastened the other ends of the ropes to the two settings on the shoulder straps of the ephod [so that the breastplate hung] in front of it. Good News Translation and fastened the other two ends of the cords to the two settings and in this way attached them in front to the shoulder straps of the ephod. International Standard Version and they attached the other two ends of the two cords to the filigree settings, and then attached them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod in front. NET Bible the other two ends of the two chains they attached to the two settings, and they attached them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. New Heart English Bible The other two ends of the two braided chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, in its front. Webster's Bible Translation And the two ends of the two wreathed chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, before it. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard Bibleand they fastened the other ends of the two chains to the two filigree settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. World English Bible The other two ends of the two braided chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, in its front. Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand they have put the two ends of the two thick bands on the two filigrees, and they put them on the shoulders of the ephod, toward the front of its face. Young's Literal Translation and the two ends of the two thick bands they have put on the two embroidered things, and they put them on the shoulders of the ephod, over-against its front. Smith's Literal Translation And the two ends of the two inter-weavings they set upon the two textures, and they will put them upon the shoulders of the ephod, to the front of its face. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleThese both before and behind so answered one another, that the ephod and the rational were bound together, Catholic Public Domain Version These were both in front and in back so that they met one another, and so that the ephod and the breastplate were woven together, New American Bible The other two ends of the two chains were fastened in front to the two filigree rosettes, which were attached to the shoulder straps of the ephod. New Revised Standard Version Two ends of the two cords they had attached to the two settings of filigree; in this way they attached it in front to the shoulder-pieces of the ephod. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd the two ends of the two braided chains they fastened to the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, in the front of it. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And the two braids that are on the two sides they put on the two settings and they put them on the shoulder of the ephod opposite its front. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, in the forepart thereof. Brenton Septuagint Translation And they put them on the two circlets, and they put them on the shoulders of the ephod opposite each other in front. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Breastpiece…17Then they fastened the two gold chains to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece, 18and they fastened the other ends of the two chains to the two filigree settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. 19They made two more gold rings and attached them to the other two corners of the breastpiece, on the inside edge next to the ephod.… Cross References Exodus 28:14 and two chains of pure gold, made of braided cord work; and attach these chains to the settings. Exodus 28:22-28 For the breastpiece, make braided chains like cords of pure gold. / You are also to make two gold rings and fasten them to the two corners of the breastpiece. / Then fasten the two gold chains to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece, ... Exodus 28:37 Fasten to it a blue cord to mount it on the turban; it shall be on the front of the turban. Exodus 39:6-7 They mounted the onyx stones in gold filigree settings, engraved like a seal with the names of the sons of Israel. / Then they fastened them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel, as the LORD had commanded Moses. Numbers 31:50 So we have brought to the LORD an offering of the gold articles each man acquired—armlets, bracelets, rings, earrings, and necklaces—to make atonement for ourselves before the LORD.” 1 Kings 7:15-22 He cast two pillars of bronze, each eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference. / He also made two capitals of cast bronze to set on top of the pillars, each capital five cubits high. / For the capitals on top of the pillars he made a network of lattice, with wreaths of chainwork, seven for each capital. ... 2 Chronicles 3:16 He made interwoven chains and put them on top of the pillars. He made a hundred pomegranates and fastened them into the chainwork. 2 Chronicles 4:12-13 the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars; the two sets of network covering both bowls of the capitals atop the pillars; / the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network covering both the bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars); Isaiah 3:18-21 In that day the Lord will take away their finery: their anklets and headbands and crescents; / their pendants, bracelets, and veils; / their headdresses, ankle chains, and sashes; their perfume bottles and charms; ... Ezekiel 16:11-13 I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck. / I put a ring in your nose, earrings on your ears, and a beautiful crown upon your head. / So you were adorned with gold and silver, and your clothing was made of fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, honey, and oil. You became very beautiful and rose to be queen. Ezekiel 28:13 You were in Eden, the garden of God. Every kind of precious stone adorned you: ruby, topaz, and diamond, beryl, onyx, and jasper, sapphire, turquoise, and emerald. Your mountings and settings were crafted in gold, prepared on the day of your creation. Matthew 23:5 All their deeds are done for men to see. They broaden their phylacteries and lengthen their tassels. Mark 12:38 In His teaching Jesus also said, “Watch out for the scribes. They like to walk around in long robes, to receive greetings in the marketplaces, Luke 20:46 “Beware of the scribes. They like to walk around in long robes, and they love the greetings in the marketplaces, the chief seats in the synagogues, and the places of honor at banquets. John 19:23-24 When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they divided His garments into four parts, one for each soldier, with the tunic remaining. It was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom. / So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it. Instead, let us cast lots to see who will get it.” This was to fulfill the Scripture: “They divided My garments among them, and cast lots for My clothing.” So that is what the soldiers did. Treasury of Scripture And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod, before it. two wreathen Exodus 28:14 And two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shalt thou make them, and fasten the wreathen chains to the ouches. Song of Solomon 1:10 Thy cheeks are comely with rows of jewels, thy neck with chains of gold. ephod Exodus 39:2 And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen. Jump to Previous Attached Attaching Braided Chains Cords Embroidered Ends Ephod Fastened Filigree Fixed Forepart Frames Front Joined Ouches Over-Against Pieces Settings Shoulder Shoulderpieces Shoulder-Pieces Shoulders Straps Thereof Thick Wreathed WreathenJump to Next Attached Attaching Braided Chains Cords Embroidered Ends Ephod Fastened Filigree Fixed Forepart Frames Front Joined Ouches Over-Against Pieces Settings Shoulder Shoulderpieces Shoulder-Pieces Shoulders Straps Thereof Thick Wreathed WreathenExodus 39 1. The cloths of service and holy garments.2. The ephod 8. The breast-plate 22. The robe of the ephod 27. The coats, mitre, and girdle of fine linen 30. The plate of the holy crown 32. All is finished, reviewed, and approved by Moses and they fastened the other ends of the two chains to the two filigree settings This phrase describes the meticulous craftsmanship involved in the construction of the priestly garments, specifically the ephod. The chains and filigree settings were made of gold, signifying purity and divinity. The use of gold in the tabernacle and priestly garments reflects the wealth and resources of the Israelites, which they acquired from the Egyptians during the Exodus (Exodus 12:35-36). The filigree settings were likely intricate and detailed, showcasing the skill of the artisans, as God had endowed certain individuals with the ability to create such works (Exodus 31:1-6). This attention to detail underscores the importance of the priestly role and the sacredness of their duties. attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front Persons / Places / Events 1. The IsraelitesThe chosen people of God, who were given the Law and instructions for worship, including the construction of the Tabernacle and priestly garments. 2. The Ephod A sacred garment worn by the High Priest, part of the priestly attire, symbolizing the priest's role as a mediator between God and the people. 3. The Tabernacle The portable dwelling place for the presence of God among the Israelites, where the ephod and other priestly garments were used in worship. 4. Bezalel and Oholiab Skilled artisans appointed by God to oversee the construction of the Tabernacle and the crafting of the priestly garments, including the ephod. 5. The High Priest The chief religious leader in Israel, who wore the ephod and other garments to perform duties in the Tabernacle, representing the people before God. Teaching Points Symbolism of the EphodThe ephod represents the priest's role as a mediator, pointing to Christ as our ultimate mediator who intercedes for us. Attention to Detail in Worship The meticulous instructions for the ephod remind us of the importance of reverence and obedience in our worship practices. God's Provision of Skills Just as God equipped Bezalel and Oholiab with skills for His work, He equips us with spiritual gifts to serve His purposes today. Unity and Connection The chains connecting the ephod symbolize the unity and connection between God and His people, reminding us of our relationship with Him through Christ. The Role of Leadership The High Priest's garments signify the responsibility and calling of spiritual leaders to faithfully represent God to the people and the people to God. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Exodus 39:18?2. How does Exodus 39:18 demonstrate the importance of following God's detailed instructions? 3. What can we learn about craftsmanship from the making of the priestly garments? 4. How does the attachment of chains in Exodus 39:18 symbolize unity in the Church? 5. In what ways can we apply the obedience shown in Exodus 39:18 today? 6. How does Exodus 39:18 connect to the broader theme of holiness in Exodus? 7. What is the significance of the chains in Exodus 39:18 for the priestly garments? 8. How does Exodus 39:18 reflect the importance of craftsmanship in biblical times? 9. Why were the breastpiece chains made of pure gold in Exodus 39:18? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 39? 11. Exodus 28:15-21: Could the precise identification and sourcing of twelve specific gemstones align historically with the Israelites' environment and trading networks? 12. Exodus 39:8-21: How did they manage the sophisticated techniques required to craft and engrave the breastpiece with gemstone settings in a wilderness setting? 13. Is there any historical record or physical evidence (Exodus 29:1-9) that the elaborate priestly garments and ordination ceremonies described actually took place as written? 14. Exodus 28:2-5: Where did nomadic Israelites supposedly in the desert acquire the costly fabrics, precious stones, and gold for such elaborate garments? What Does Exodus 39:18 Mean They fastened“and they fastened …” (Exodus 39:18) • The craftsmen are carrying out God’s exact instructions given earlier (Exodus 28:25). • Fastening speaks of permanence and security. The breastpiece that carries the names of Israel must never slip, just as the Lord will never forget His people (Isaiah 49:16). • By following the pattern “just as the LORD had commanded” (Exodus 39:7), the workers show obedience that mirrors the believer’s call to obey Christ (John 14:15). the other ends of the two chains “…the other ends of the two chains…” • These chains are “twisted cords of pure gold” (Exodus 28:14), symbolizing purity and strength. • Two chains provide balance, hinting at the twin themes of mercy and justice that meet in Christ (Psalm 89:14; Hebrews 4:16). • As the chains finish their course at the breastpiece, they picture the finished work of our High Priest, Jesus, who “is able to save to the uttermost” (Hebrews 7:25). to the two filigree settings “…to the two filigree settings…” • Filigree settings are decorative rosettes of gold (Exodus 28:13). Beauty and function unite, reminding us that God’s holiness is never bland (Psalm 27:4). • Gold reflects glory (Revelation 21:18), pointing ahead to the heavenly sanctuary where Christ ministers (Hebrews 9:24). • The settings serve as anchors; in the same way, God’s promises are “an anchor for the soul, firm and secure” (Hebrews 6:19). attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod “…attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod…” • The ephod’s shoulder pieces each bear an onyx stone engraved with six tribe names (Exodus 28:9-12). The chain connection ensures the breastpiece (with all twelve names) rests over the priest’s heart while the same names rest on his shoulders. • Shoulders represent strength; the priest carries the people before God. Christ fulfills this perfectly: “the government will be upon His shoulder” (Isaiah 9:6) and He carries the lost sheep on His shoulders (Luke 15:5). • The linkage signals that intercession (heart) and representation (shoulders) are inseparable—Jesus bears us both lovingly and powerfully (Romans 8:34). at the front “…at the front.” • Placement “at the front” keeps Israel’s names in continual view, both for the priest and the congregation (Exodus 28:29). Our Mediator presents us openly before the Father (Hebrews 10:19-22). • Nothing is hidden; the Lord wants His people confidently represented (Ephesians 3:12). • The public position also hints at witness—our lives are meant to display God’s work openly (Matthew 5:14-16). summary Exodus 39:18 shows careful obedience to God’s pattern. Golden chains securely link the breastpiece to the ephod’s shoulder pieces, uniting beauty, strength, and representation “at the front” for all to see. The high priest safely bears Israel on heart and shoulders, foreshadowing Jesus, who permanently, powerfully, and openly carries His people before the Father. Hebrew andוְאֵ֨ת (wə·’êṯ) Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case they fastened נָתְנ֖וּ (nā·ṯə·nū) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 5414: To give, put, set the other שְׁתֵּ֤י (šə·tê) Number - fdc Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number) ends קְצוֹת֙ (qə·ṣō·wṯ) Noun - feminine plural construct Strong's 7098: A termination of the two שְׁתֵּ֣י (šə·tê) Number - fdc Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number) chains הָֽעֲבֹתֹ֔ת (hā·‘ă·ḇō·ṯōṯ) Article | Noun - common plural Strong's 5688: Something intwined, a string, wreath, foliage to עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against the two שְׁתֵּ֣י (šə·tê) Number - fdc Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number) filigree settings, הַֽמִּשְׁבְּצֹ֑ת (ham·miš·bə·ṣōṯ) Article | Noun - feminine plural Strong's 4865: A brocade, a, setting of a, gem attaching וַֽיִּתְּנֻ֛ם (way·yit·tə·num) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine plural Strong's 5414: To give, put, set them to עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against the shoulder pieces כִּתְפֹ֥ת (kiṯ·p̄ōṯ) Noun - feminine plural construct Strong's 3802: The shoulder, side-piece, lateral projection of anything of the ephod הָאֵפֹ֖ד (hā·’ê·p̄ōḏ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 646: A girdle, the ephod, highpriest's shoulder-piece, an image at אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to the front. מ֥וּל (mūl) Preposition Strong's 4136: Abrupt, a precipice, the front, opposite Links Exodus 39:18 NIVExodus 39:18 NLT Exodus 39:18 ESV Exodus 39:18 NASB Exodus 39:18 KJV Exodus 39:18 BibleApps.com Exodus 39:18 Biblia Paralela Exodus 39:18 Chinese Bible Exodus 39:18 French Bible Exodus 39:18 Catholic Bible OT Law: Exodus 39:18 The other two ends of the two (Exo. 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