3238. yanah

Lexicon

yanah: To oppress, to wrong, to extort

Original Word: יָנָה
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: yanah
Pronunciation: yah-NAH
Phonetic Spelling: (yaw-naw')
Definition: To oppress, to wrong, to extort
Meaning: to rage, be violent, to suppress, to maltreat

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

destroy, thrust out by oppressing proud, vex, do violence

A primitive root; to rage or be violent: by implication, to suppress, to maltreat -- destroy, (thrust out by) oppress(-ing, -ion, -or), proud, vex, do violence.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. root
Definition
to oppress, maltreat, perhaps suppress
NASB Translation
do him wrong (1), mistreat (2), oppress (3), oppresses (1), oppressing (1), oppressor (2), oppressors (1), subdue (1), thrusting (1), tyrannical (1), wrong (3), wronged (2).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[יָנָה] verb suppress (?),oppress, maltreat (Late Hebrew Hiph`il vex with words; so Aramaic Aph`el אוֺנִי, but also ᵑ7 for Hebrew הוֺנָה maltreat; Arabic is laxus, debilis fuit, IV. debilitavit, defatigavit, but connection dubious) —

Qal Imperfect1plural suffix נִינָם Psalm 74:8; Participle יוֺנָה Jeremiah 25:38 3t. + Psalm 123:4 (see below); — suppress (?) followed by accusative Psalm 74:8 (text dubious); elsewhere oppress; Participle absolute as adjective הָעִיר הַיּוֺנָה Zephaniah 3:1; substantive f. collective הַיּוֺנָה oppressors Jeremiah 25:38 (but read חֶרֶב for חֲרוֺן, with ᵐ5 Ew Hi Gf Ke etc., as Jeremiah 46:16; Jeremiah 50:16); Psalm 123:4 Qr לִגְאֵי יוֺנִים proudest oppressors (stative construct in superlative, compare Ges^{§ 133}, 3, R. 1; yet most follow Kt לּגּאייונים, and derived from גַּאֲיוֺן q. v. above)

Hiph`il Perfect הוֺנָה Ezekiel 18:12,16; הוֺנוּ Ezekiel 22:7,29; Imperfect יוֺנֶה Ezekiel 18:7; 2masculine singular תּיֹנֶה Exodus 22:20; תּוֺנֶנּוּ Deuteronomy 23:17; יוֺנוּ Ezekiel 45:8; תּוֺנוּ Leviticus 19:33 2t.; תֹּנוּ Jeremiah 22:3; Infinitive suffix הוֺנֹתָם Ezekiel 46:18; Participle מוֺנַ֫יִךְ Isaiah 49:26; — oppress, maltreat, followed by accusative, especially of ill-treatment of poor and weak, particular of the גֵּר, the 'stranger,' sojourner, by the rich and powerful, Exodus 22:20 (JE), Leviticus 19:33; Leviticus 25:14,17 (H), Deuteronomy 23:17; Jeremiah 22:3; Ezekiel 18:7,12,16; Ezekiel 22:7,29; Ezekiel 45:8; Ezekiel 46:18; of a foreign oppressor only Isaiah 49:26.

יָנוֺחַ see נוח; יָנוּם see נום.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G3664 (ὁμοιόω, homoioō) • to be like, resemble
• G2388 (ἰσχυρός, ischyros) • strong, mighty

These Greek entries, while not direct translations, can relate to the concept of power dynamics and strength, which are often underlying themes in the use of יָנָה (yanah) in contexts of oppression and violence.

Usage: • The verb יָנָה (yanah) is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe actions of oppression, violence, or maltreatment. It often conveys a sense of unjust or harsh treatment, typically by those in positions of power over those who are vulnerable.

Context: • The Hebrew verb יָנָה (yanah) appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often associated with acts of oppression or injustice. It is used to describe the behavior of those who exploit or mistreat others, particularly the poor, the foreigner, or the defenseless. The term is frequently found in legal and prophetic texts, where it serves as a warning against social injustice and a call to uphold righteousness and fairness.

• For example, in Exodus 22:21 (BSB), the Israelites are commanded, "You must not exploit or oppress a foreign resident, for you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt." Here, יָנָה (yanah) is translated as "exploit," emphasizing the prohibition against taking advantage of those who are vulnerable.

• In Ezekiel 22:29 (BSB), the prophet condemns the people of Israel, saying, "The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice." The use of יָנָה (yanah) highlights the systemic injustice and violence prevalent in society.

• The term is also used in a more general sense to describe any form of unjust treatment or violence, as seen in Isaiah 3:5 (BSB): "The people will oppress one another—man against man, neighbor against neighbor. The young will rise up against the old, the base against the honorable."

Forms and Transliterations

ה֥וֹנוּ הַיּוֹנָ֔ה הַיּוֹנָֽה׃ הוֹנ֔וּ הוֹנָ֔ה הונה הונו היונה היונה׃ יוֹנ֨וּ יוֹנֶ֔ה יונה יונו לְהֽוֹנֹתָם֙ להונתם מוֹנַ֙יִךְ֙ מוניך נִינָ֣ם נינם תֹּנוּ֙ תּוֹנ֖וּ תּוֹנֶֽנּוּ׃ תוֹנ֖וּ תוֹנֶ֖ה תוֹנוּ֙ תונה תונו תוננו׃ תנו haiyoNah hay·yō·w·nāh hayyōwnāh hō·w·nāh hō·w·nū hoNah Honu hōwnāh hōwnū lə·hō·w·nō·ṯām lehonoTam ləhōwnōṯām mō·w·na·yiḵ moNayich mōwnayiḵ nî·nām niNam nînām tō·nū ṯō·w·neh tō·w·nen·nū tō·w·nū ṯō·w·nū toNeh toNennu toNu tōnū ṯōwneh tōwnennū tōwnū ṯōwnū yō·w·neh yō·w·nū yoNeh yoNu yōwneh yōwnū

Englishman's Concordance

Exodus 22:21
HEB: וְגֵ֥ר לֹא־ תוֹנֶ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ
NAS: You shall not wrong a stranger
KJV: Thou shalt neither vex a stranger,
INT: A stranger shall not wrong or oppress

Leviticus 19:33
HEB: בְּאַרְצְכֶ֑ם לֹ֥א תוֹנ֖וּ אֹתֽוֹ׃
NAS: with you in your land, you shall not do him wrong.
KJV: with thee in your land, ye shall not vex him.
INT: your land shall not do

Leviticus 25:14
HEB: עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־ תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־
NAS: hand, you shall not wrong one
KJV: hand, ye shall not oppress one
INT: your friend's shall not wrong one another

Leviticus 25:17
HEB: וְלֹ֤א תוֹנוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־
NAS: So you shall not wrong one another,
KJV: Ye shall not therefore oppress one
INT: shall not wrong one another

Deuteronomy 23:16
HEB: ל֑וֹ לֹ֖א תּוֹנֶֽנּוּ׃ ס
NAS: where it pleases him; you shall not mistreat him.
KJV: where it liketh him best: thou shalt not oppress him.
INT: pleases shall not mistreat

Psalm 74:8
HEB: אָמְר֣וּ בְ֭לִבָּם נִינָ֣ם יָ֑חַד שָׂרְפ֖וּ
NAS: Let us completely subdue them. They have burned
KJV: in their hearts, Let us destroy them together:
INT: said their heart subdue completely have burned

Isaiah 49:26
HEB: וְהַאֲכַלְתִּ֤י אֶת־ מוֹנַ֙יִךְ֙ אֶת־ בְּשָׂרָ֔ם
NAS: I will feed your oppressors with their own flesh,
KJV: And I will feed them that oppress thee with their own flesh;
INT: will feed your oppressors flesh sweet

Jeremiah 22:3
HEB: וְאַלְמָנָ֤ה אַל־ תֹּנוּ֙ אַל־ תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ
NAS: of [his] oppressor. Also do not mistreat [or] do violence
KJV: of the oppressor: and do no wrong, do no violence
INT: the widow nay mistreat nay do

Jeremiah 25:38
HEB: מִפְּנֵי֙ חֲר֣וֹן הַיּוֹנָ֔ה וּמִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן
NAS: of the fierceness of the oppressing [sword] And because
KJV: of the fierceness of the oppressor, and because
INT: because of the fierceness of the oppressing and because of his fierce

Jeremiah 46:16
HEB: מִפְּנֵ֖י חֶ֥רֶב הַיּוֹנָֽה׃
NAS: Away from the sword of the oppressor.'
KJV: from the oppressing sword.
INT: from the sword the oppressing

Jeremiah 50:16
HEB: מִפְּנֵי֙ חֶ֣רֶב הַיּוֹנָ֔ה אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־
NAS: the sword of the oppressor They will each
KJV: for fear of the oppressing sword
INT: before the sword of the oppressor will each to his

Ezekiel 18:7
HEB: וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א יוֹנֶ֔ה חֲבֹלָת֥וֹ חוֹב֙
NAS: if a man does not oppress anyone, but restores
KJV: And hath not oppressed any,
INT: A man does not oppress his pledge to the debtor

Ezekiel 18:12
HEB: עָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנָ֔ה גְּזֵל֣וֹת גָּזָ֔ל
NAS: oppresses the poor and needy,
KJV: Hath oppressed the poor and needy,
INT: the poor and needy oppresses robbery commits

Ezekiel 18:16
HEB: וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א הוֹנָ֔ה חֲבֹל֙ לֹ֣א
NAS: or oppress anyone, or retain
KJV: Neither hath oppressed any,
INT: anyone or oppress A pledge or

Ezekiel 22:7
HEB: יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃
NAS: and the widow they have wronged in you.
KJV: with the stranger: in thee have they vexed the fatherless
INT: the fatherless and the widow have wronged

Ezekiel 22:29
HEB: וְעָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנ֔וּ וְאֶת־ הַגֵּ֥ר
NAS: robbery, and they have wronged the poor
KJV: robbery, and have vexed the poor
INT: the poor and needy have wronged the sojourner oppressed

Ezekiel 45:8
HEB: בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹא־ יוֹנ֨וּ ע֤וֹד נְשִׂיאַי֙
NAS: longer oppress My people,
KJV: and my princes shall no more oppress my people;
INT: Israel shall no oppress longer my princes

Ezekiel 46:18
HEB: מִנַּחֲלַ֣ת הָעָ֗ם לְהֽוֹנֹתָם֙ מֵאֲחֻזָּתָ֔ם מֵאֲחֻזָּת֖וֹ
NAS: inheritance, thrusting them out of their possession;
KJV: inheritance by oppression, to thrust
INT: inheritance the people's thrusting of their possession possession

Zephaniah 3:1
HEB: וְנִגְאָלָ֑ה הָעִ֖יר הַיּוֹנָֽה׃
NAS: and defiled, The tyrannical city!
KJV: and polluted, to the oppressing city!
INT: and defiled city the tyrannical

19 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 3238
19 Occurrences

hay·yō·w·nāh — 4 Occ.
hō·w·nāh — 2 Occ.
hō·w·nū — 2 Occ.
lə·hō·w·nō·ṯām — 1 Occ.
mō·w·na·yiḵ — 1 Occ.
nî·nām — 1 Occ.
ṯō·w·neh — 1 Occ.
tō·w·nen·nū — 1 Occ.
ṯō·w·nū — 4 Occ.
yō·w·neh — 1 Occ.
yō·w·nū — 1 Occ.