Lexical Summary ad: Until, as far as, up to, while Original Word: עַד Strong's Exhaustive Concordance until, within (Aramaic) corresponding to ad; X and, at, for, (hither-)to, on till, (un-)to, until, within. see HEBREW ad NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin(Aramaic) corresponding to ad Definition even to, until NASB Translation before* (1), order* (1), until (3), until* (11). Brown-Driver-Briggs עַד35 preposition and conjunction even to, until (Biblical Hebrew III. עַד; so ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (Lzb336 S-CA 5 +)); — 1 preposition: a. of space, even to Daniel 7:13; עַדכָּֿא Daniel 7:28. b. of amount, up to Ezra 7:22 (4 t.). c. of time, until Daniel 2:20; Daniel 6:15; Daniel 6:27; Daniel 7:18 (twice in verse); Daniel 7:26; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:16 וְעַדכְּֿעַן; = our against Ezra 6:15 (compare Biblical Hebrew, p. 724:a top); to (the end of) = during Daniel 6:8 עַד יוֺמִין תְּלָתִין, Daniel 6:13; Daniel 7:12,25. On עַדאָֿחֳרָן Daniel 4:5 see אָחֳרָן; and on עַדדִּֿבְרַת דִּי Daniel 4:14 see [ דִּבְרָה]. 2 conjunction: a. עַדדִּֿי until, followed by perfect (of past time) Daniel 2:34; Daniel 4:30; Daniel 5:21; Daniel 7:4,9,11,22; followed by imperfect (of future) Daniel 2:9; Daniel 4:20; Daniel 4:22 (twice in verse); Daniel 4:29. — Daniel 6:25 ׳לָא מְטוֺ ֗֗֗ עַד דִּי שְׁלִטוּ וג up to the time that . . . , i.e. ere that. b. עַד alone, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:5. Topical Lexicon OverviewThe particle עַד (Strong’s 5705) marks the outer edge of an action, place, time, or relationship—“as far as,” “even to,” “up to,” “until.” Roughly thirty-five times it reminds readers that every created reality operates within limits set by God, while simultaneously directing faith toward the One whose reign has no limit. Range of Meaning and Nuances • Spatial limit—borders, distance, reach. Each nuance reinforces divine sovereignty: the LORD appoints where history, geography, and experience must stop—and when His grace will carry them forward. Geographical Delimitation Genesis 10:19 sets the pattern: “The territory of the Canaanites extended from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza… as far as Lasha”. Similar boundary markers in Joshua 13:5, 2 Kings 14:25, and Ezekiel 47:15-20 show that covenant land promises are concrete. Believers tracking these borders see the reliability of God’s oath to Abraham. Temporal Boundaries and Historical Markers • Exodus 12:6—Passover lamb kept “until the fourteenth day,” showcasing exact obedience. “Until this day” formulas (for example Deuteronomy 3:14; 1 Samuel 6:18) preserve corporate memory and exhort successive generations to faithfulness. Covenantal Continuity and Eschatological Expectation Paired with עוֹלָם (“everlasting”), עַד stretches human vision to eternity: “Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, from everlasting to everlasting” (Psalms 106:48). The word that fixes borders also frames a praise that will never expire, testifying that only God transcends the limits He sets. Liturgical and Devotional Usage The Psalter uses עַד to teach perseverance in worship—Psalms 121:8; 125:2; 145:21—inviting the faithful to bless the LORD redundantly “from now until forever.” Each rehearsal trains the heart to hope in the unending faithfulness of God. Prophetic Pronouncements Prophets employ עַד to announce both the terminus of judgment and the dawn of redemption: Thus history’s crises have divinely set limits; deliverance arrives on schedule. Christological and Redemptive Significance New Testament writers echo the Hebrew “until”: Luke cites Micah 5:2-3; Paul echoes Psalm 110 in 1 Corinthians 15:25, “For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.” The particle that once bounded Israel’s account now frames the cosmic lordship of Jesus Christ, assuring the Church that His final victory is both certain and timed. Practical Ministry Implications 1. Patience in suffering—affliction lasts only “until” the Lord’s appointed end. Key References Genesis 10:19; Exodus 12:6; Deuteronomy 3:14; Joshua 10:13; 1 Samuel 6:18; 2 Kings 14:25; Psalms 41:13; 104:23; 106:48; 113:2; 121:8; 125:2; 145:21; Isaiah 32:15; Jeremiah 25:11; Micah 5:3; Zechariah 9:10. Across Law, Prophets, and Writings, עַד testifies that every limit—geographic, temporal, redemptive—serves the God whose purposes prevail “from everlasting to everlasting.” Forms and Transliterations וְעַ֖ד וְעַ֣ד וְעַ֣ד־ וְעַד֙ וְעַד־ ועד ועד־ עַ֚ד עַ֛ד עַ֠ד עַ֣ד עַֽד־ עַד֩ עַד־ עד עד־ ‘aḏ ‘aḏ- ad vead wə‘aḏ wə‘aḏ- wə·‘aḏ wə·‘aḏ-Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Ezra 4:21 HEB: לָ֣א תִתְבְּנֵ֔א עַד־ מִנִּ֖י טַעְמָ֥א KJV: builded, until [another] commandment INT: be not may not be rebuilt until me commandment Ezra 4:24 Ezra 5:5 Ezra 5:16 Ezra 6:15 Ezra 7:22 Ezra 7:22 Ezra 7:22 Ezra 7:22 Daniel 2:9 Daniel 2:20 Daniel 2:34 Daniel 4:8 Daniel 4:17 Daniel 4:23 Daniel 4:25 Daniel 4:32 Daniel 4:33 Daniel 5:21 Daniel 6:7 Daniel 6:12 Daniel 6:14 Daniel 6:24 Daniel 6:26 Daniel 7:4 35 Occurrences |
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