Lexical Summary or: Skin, hide, leather Original Word: עוֹר Strong's Exhaustive Concordance hide, leather, skin From uwr; skin (as naked); by implication, hide, leather -- hide, leather, skin. see HEBREW uwr NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain derivation Definition a skin NASB Translation body (1), hide (4), hides (1), leather (15), skin (65), skins (13). Brown-Driver-Briggs עוֺר99 noun masculineJob 7:5 skin ( Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician ערת Lzb346); — ׳ע absolute Genesis 3:21 +, construct Exodus 34:29 +; suffix עֹרוֺ Exodus 29:14 +, עוֺרוֺ Jeremiah 13:23, עֹרָהּ Numbers 19:5, etc.; plural construct עֹרֹת Genesis 27:16 +, עוֺרֹת Exodus 39:34 suffix עֹרֹתָם Leviticus 16:27; — skin: 1 of men (55 t.), שִׂמְלָתוֺ לְעֹרוֺ Exodus 22:26 (E), מָּנָיו ׳ע Exodus 34:29,30 compare Exodus 34:35 (all P); (dark) skin of Cushite Jeremiah 13:23; see also Ezekiel 37:6,8; Lamentations 3:8; Job 7:5; Job 10:11, +; in hyperbole Micah 3:2,3; עוֺר שִׁנָּ֑י Job 19:20b the skin of my teeth, i.e. gums (si vera lectio); also Leviticus 13:2 33t. Leviticus 13 (P), in tests for leprosy (see especially בְּֿשָׂרוֺ׳ע Leviticus 13:2; Leviticus 13:2; Leviticus 13:3; Leviticus 13:4; Leviticus 13:11, compare Leviticus 13:3; Leviticus 13:38; Leviticus 13:39; Leviticus 13:43); עוֺר בְּעַד עוֺר Job 2:4 skin in behalf of, for, skin, apparently proverb. phrase of barter, = everything has its price (on varieties of interpretation see Commentaries). 2 hide of animals (44 t.), always — except Job 40:31 — after skinning: Genesis 27:16 (J); of sacrifice victims Exodus 29:14; Leviticus 4:11 5t. (all P); prepared for use (by some process of tanning, compare NowArchaeology i. 242), sometimes = leather: material of garments Genesis 3:21 (J), girdle 2 Kings 1:8, any article Leviticus 11:32; Leviticus 13:48 ff Numbers 31:20 (P); covering of tabernacle Exodus 25:5 (twice in verse) + 10 t. Exodus 26; Exodus 35; Exodus 36; Exodus 39, of ark, sacred utensils, etc., Numbers 4:6 5t. Numbers 4.. עורים Isaiah 30:6 see עַיִר. Topical Lexicon Overview In the Hebrew Scriptures עוֹר denotes the external covering that encases flesh—human skin, animal hide, and the tanned leather derived from it. About ninety-nine occurrences trace a line from Eden to Ezekiel, showing how God employs the humble “skin” both literally and theologically: as a provision for fallen humanity, a material for worship, a figure for frailty, and an anticipatory sign of resurrection and redemption. Edenic Provision and the First Substitution Genesis 3:21 records the inaugural use: “And the LORD God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife, and He clothed them.” The verse forms the seedbed of later sacrificial thought. The animals whose hides became garments almost certainly died, introducing substitutionary death on behalf of sinners. The skins both cover shame and testify that only God’s initiative adequately clothes the guilty (compare Isaiah 61:10). Skins in the Sacrificial System 1. Flaying and Allocation 2. Disposal in Sin and Guilt Offerings Tabernacle and Wilderness Worship Exodus 25–40 repeatedly lists skins among the tabernacle materials: Skins as Everyday Containers Though a different noun often denotes wineskins, עוֹר can refer generically to leather pouches or bags. Joshua’s Gibeonite deception relies on “worn-out and patched wineskins” (Joshua 9:4, 13). The image of an old skin stretched to bursting recurs in Job 32:19 and is alluded to in Matthew 9:17’s new-wine-into-fresh-wineskins teaching. Human Skin: Frailty, Suffering, Identity 1. Vulnerability 2. Affliction and Lament 3. Beauty and Identity Prophetic and Eschatological Hope Ezekiel’s valley of dry bones climaxes with skin: “I will attach tendons to you and make flesh grow upon you and cover you with skin” (Ezekiel 37:6, 8). The same God who once clothed the fallen couple will one day re-clothe an entire nation with resurrected bodies. Job personalizes the hope: “Even after my skin has been destroyed, yet in my flesh I will see God” (Job 19:26). Christological Trajectory The theme of skin reaches fulfillment in the Incarnation: “The Word became flesh” (John 1:14). The Creator wraps Himself in human skin, then yields His back to scourging and His side to the spear so that, by faith, believers may one day be “clothed with immortality” (1 Corinthians 15:53). The Edenic skins prefigure His righteous robe (Revelation 19:8) supplied to the redeemed. Practical Ministry Reflections • Covering: Pastorally, the Lord still provides garments for repentant sinners (cf. Luke 15:22). Representative Occurrences by Category Creation and Fall: Genesis 3:21 Patriarchal Age: Genesis 27:16; 30:37 Tabernacle and Wilderness: Exodus 25:5; 26:14; Numbers 4:25 Levitical Regulations: Leviticus 1:6; 7:8; 13:2 Historical Narratives: Judges 4:19; 1 Samuel 19:13; 2 Samuel 21:10 Wisdom Literature: Job 2:4; 19:26; Proverbs 31:22 Psalms: Psalm 119:83 Prophetic Books: Isaiah 3:24; Jeremiah 13:23; Ezekiel 37:6 Exilic and Post-exilic Lament: Lamentations 4:8; 5:10 Summary From the coats God made in Eden to the leather shields of the tabernacle and the prophetic vision of resurrected Israel, עוֹר tells a redemptive story. Skins hide shame, house holy vessels, portray human frailty, and anticipate glorified bodies—each use woven into the unfolding revelation that God Himself provides the only sufficient covering for sin and the ultimate renewal of the flesh. Forms and Transliterations בְּע֣וֹר בְּעֽוֹר־ בְּעוֹרִ֣י בְע֔וֹר בְעֹר֖וֹ בְעוֹר־ בָּע֑וֹר בָּע֔וֹר בָּע֖וֹר בָע֔וֹר בָע֜וֹר בָעוֹר֙ בעור בעור־ בעורי בערו הָע֑וֹר הָע֔וֹר הָע֖וֹר הָעֽוֹר׃ הָעוֹר֙ העור העור׃ וְעֹרֹ֥ת וְעֹרֹ֨ת וְעוֹרִ֔י וְעוֹרָם֙ ועורי ועורם וערת לְעֹר֑וֹ לערו מֵע֣וֹר מעור ע֑וֹר ע֔וֹר ע֖וֹר ע֗וֹר ע֛וֹר ע֣וֹר ע֤וֹר ע֥וֹר ע֭וֹרִֽי ע֭וֹרִי עֹר֣וֹ עֹרָ֤הּ עֹרֹ֣ת עֹרֹ֥ת עֹרֹת֙ עֹרֹתָ֥ם עֹרוֹ֙ עֽוֹר׃ עוֹר֑וֹ עוֹר֔וֹ עוֹר֙ עוֹרִ֥י עוֹרֵ֙נוּ֙ עוֹרָם֙ עוֹרֹ֤ת עור עור׃ עורו עורי עורם עורנו עורת ערה ערו ערת ערתם ‘ō·rāh ‘ō·rō·ṯām ‘ō·rōṯ ‘ō·rōw ‘ō·w·rām ‘ō·w·rê·nū ‘ō·w·rî ‘ō·w·rōṯ ‘ō·w·rōw ‘ō·wr ‘ōrāh ‘ōrōṯ ‘ōrōṯām ‘ōrōw ‘ōwr ‘ōwrām ‘ōwrênū ‘ōwrî ‘ōwrōṯ ‘ōwrōw bā‘ōwr ḇā‘ōwr bā·‘ō·wr ḇā·‘ō·wr baor ḇə‘ōrōw bə‘ōwr ḇə‘ōwr bə‘ōwr- ḇə‘ōwr- bə‘ōwrî ḇə·‘ō·rōw bə·‘ō·w·rî bə·‘ō·wr ḇə·‘ō·wr bə·‘ō·wr- ḇə·‘ō·wr- beor beoRi hā‘ōwr hā·‘ō·wr haOr lə‘ōrōw lə·‘ō·rōw leoRo mê‘ōwr mê·‘ō·wr meor or oRah oRam oRenu oRi oRo oRot oroTam vaOr veor veoRam veoRi veoRo veoRot wə‘ōrōṯ wə‘ōwrām wə‘ōwrî wə·‘ō·rōṯ wə·‘ō·w·rām wə·‘ō·w·rîLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 3:21 HEB: וּלְאִשְׁתּ֛וֹ כָּתְנ֥וֹת ע֖וֹר וַיַּלְבִּשֵֽׁם׃ פ NAS: garments of skin for Adam KJV: make coats of skins, and clothed them. INT: and his wife garments of skin and clothed Genesis 27:16 Exodus 22:27 Exodus 25:5 Exodus 25:5 Exodus 26:14 Exodus 26:14 Exodus 29:14 Exodus 34:29 Exodus 34:30 Exodus 34:35 Exodus 35:7 Exodus 35:7 Exodus 35:23 Exodus 35:23 Exodus 36:19 Exodus 36:19 Exodus 39:34 Exodus 39:34 Leviticus 4:11 Leviticus 7:8 Leviticus 8:17 Leviticus 9:11 Leviticus 11:32 Leviticus 13:2 99 Occurrences |
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