out of ram skins dyed red
Ram skins were chosen for their durability and availability. The dyeing of these skins red is significant, as red often symbolizes sacrifice and atonement in the Bible. Rams were commonly used in sacrificial offerings, and the red color could symbolize the blood of sacrifices, pointing to the future sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who would atone for the sins of humanity. This covering would remind the Israelites of the need for atonement and the seriousness of sin.

and over that a covering of fine leather
The "fine leather" mentioned here is sometimes translated as "sea cow hides" or "badger skins" in other versions, indicating a material that was both durable and weather-resistant. This outermost covering provided additional protection from the elements, ensuring the Tabernacle's sanctity and longevity. The use of fine materials reflects the importance of the Tabernacle as a holy place. This layer can also symbolize the righteousness and protection provided by God, as well as the beauty and majesty of His dwelling place. The multiple layers of coverings highlight the separation between the holy presence of God and the outside world, emphasizing the need for purity and reverence in approaching God.

- God directs an additional layer beyond the ornate inner curtains (Exodus 26:1–6), highlighting His thorough provision for His dwelling place (Exodus 25:9).

- The command reminds us that every part of the Tabernacle follows the “pattern shown on the mountain,” foreshadowing heavenly realities (Hebrews 8:5).

- Just as believers long for a heavenly dwelling “not made with hands” (2 Corinthians 5:2), this verse shows the Lord’s initiative in providing perfect shelter.

- The “tent” (the holy place and most holy place) represents God living among His people (Exodus 29:45–46).

- John 1:14 connects the Tabernacle with Christ: “The Word became flesh and tabernacled among us,” underscoring that God’s desire to dwell with His people reaches its climax in Jesus.

- This specific covering safeguards what is sacred, much as the Lord encamps around those who fear Him (Psalm 34:7).

- Rams were prominent sacrificial animals (Genesis 22:13; Leviticus 8:18); their skins dyed red vividly point to substitutionary blood and atonement (Hebrews 9:22; Revelation 1:5).

- The color red visually preached redemption every time Israel saw the Tabernacle assembled.

- Ram skins are durable, reminding us that Christ’s once-for-all sacrifice secures eternal redemption (Hebrews 9:12).

- A second outer layer means double security—no element could penetrate to the sanctuaries within.

- Psalm 91:4 pictures the Lord covering His people “with His feathers”; the Tabernacle’s layered coverings embody that protective promise.

- 1 Peter 1:5 speaks of believers “shielded by God’s power,” echoing these nested protections.

- “Fine leather” (variously rendered badger, dolphin, or sea-cow hides) was rugged, water-resistant, and weather-proof.

- The outermost appearance was plain, even unattractive—much like Isaiah 53:2 notes that the coming Servant had “no form or majesty.” Inside, however, the Tabernacle gleamed with gold and brilliant tapestries (Exodus 26:31–33)—a picture of Christ: outward humility, inward glory (Philippians 2:6–11).

- Ezekiel 16:10 likens fine leather to sturdy sandals; similarly, this final layer enabled the Tabernacle to journey with Israel through harsh wilderness conditions, reflecting God’s faithfulness during life’s pilgrimages (Deuteronomy 8:4).

Exodus 26:14 reveals a God who secures His presence among His people through layered, purposeful coverings. The red ram skins shout redemption, while the tough outer leather proclaims steadfast protection. Together they point beyond the wilderness tent to Christ’s sacrificial blood and His enduring care, assuring every believer that the God who once dwelt behind those coverings now makes His home in redeemed hearts and will safely carry us to our eternal dwelling.

(14) As the object of the two outer coverings must have been to keep out rain, we must suppose them to have protected not only the ridge of the roof, but, at any rate, the whole of the mishkan. Their length must, therefore, have been at least thirty cubits, and their breadth fourteen.