Lexical Summary todah: Thanksgiving, praise, confession Original Word: תּוֹדָה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Togarmah From yadah; properly, an extension of the hand, i.e. (by implication) avowal, or (usually) adoration; specifically, a choir of worshippers -- confession, (sacrifice of) praise, thanks(-giving, offering). see HEBREW yadah NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom yadah Definition thanksgiving NASB Translation choir (1), choirs (2), confession (1), hymns of thanksgiving (1), praise (1), sacrifices of thanksgiving (1), thank offering (2), thank offerings (4), thanksgiving (18). Brown-Driver-Briggs תּוֺדָה noun feminine thanksgiving, ׳תּ Leviticus 7:12 23t.; construct תּוֺדַת Leviticus 7:13,15; plural תּוֺדוֺת Psalm 56:13 3t.; תּוֺדֹת Nehemiah 12:31,40; — 1 give praise to ׳י Joshua 7:19 (J E; "" ׳שִׂים כָּבוֺד לְ), Ezra 10:11, in both of praise rendered by acknowledging and abandoning sin; see Di. on Joshua, and on Ezra Öttli and especially Ryle; compare verb ידה with לְ; so RVm; > Thes MV SS Be RV and others confession. 2 thanksgiving in songs of liturgical worship ׳קול ת Psalm 26:7; Psalm 42:5; Jonah 2:10; "" שִׁיר Psalm 69:31; Nehemiah 12:27; "" זְמִרוֺת Psalm 95:2; "" קוֺל זִמְרָה Isaiah 51:3; "" תְּהִלָּה Psalm 100:4; "" כִּנּוֺר Psalm 147:7. 3 thanksgiving choir, procession, line, company Nehemiah 12:31,38,40, probably also Jeremiah 30:19 ("" קוֺל מְשַׂחֲקִים). 4 thank-offering ׳קטּר ת Amos 4:5 ("" נְדָבוֺת); a division of זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים Leviticus 7:12 a; שׁלמיו ׳זבח ת Leviticus 7:13; Leviticus 7:15; ׳זבח (ה)ת Leviticus 7:12 b (all P), Leviticus 22:29 (H); זבחים ותודות2Chronicles 29:31 (twice in verse); ׳זבחי שְׁלָמִים ות2Chronicles 33:16; ׳זבת זבח(י) ת Psalm 107:22; Psalm 116:17; ׳מבאי(ם) ת Jeremiah 17:26; Jeremiah 33:11; לתודה Psalm 100:1 (title); in Psalms "" ׃נדרים ׳זָבַח ת offer a thank-offering Psalm 50:14; Psalm 50:23 (see BrMP. 239); ׳שִׁלּם ת Psalm 56:13. Topical Lexicon Overview of Meaning and Range of Usage תּוֹדָה (todah) spans the concepts of thanksgiving, praise, and confession. In the approximately thirty-two Old Testament occurrences it describes both verbal expressions (spoken or sung) and material offerings presented to the LORD. The contexts cluster around worship, sacrifice, testimony, and prophetic vision. Association with Levitical Sacrifices Todah appears first in the sacrificial legislation (Leviticus 7:12-15; 22:29-30) as a distinct category within the peace offerings. The worshiper brought an animal and an accompanying grain provision of cakes and loaves, all consumed on the same day. The ritual emphasized immediate gratitude for divine deliverance or blessing and fostered fellowship: the priest, the giver, and often guests shared the meal in Yahweh’s presence. The act embodied a lived theology that every rescue, harvest, or answered prayer rightly culminates in tangible thanksgiving. 2 Chronicles 29:31 and 33:16 show Judah’s reforming kings restoring such offerings when renewing covenant faithfulness. Liturgical Praise and Worship Many Psalms employ todah to signify vocal or musical gratitude. Confession and Testimony Todah also carries the sense of truthful acknowledgment. Joshua urged Achan, “Give glory to the LORD, the God of Israel, and give Him praise” (Joshua 7:19), calling for honest confession using todah. Ezra 10:11 applies the same concept to national repentance. Thus thanksgiving and confession are two sides of one reality: agreeing with God about His deeds and our deeds. Prophetic and Eschatological Dimensions Prophets envision future restoration filled with todah. Such texts frame todah as an indispensable marker of covenant renewal and eschatological hope. Theology and Typology The sacrificial todah prefigures the New Covenant “sacrifice of praise” (Hebrews 13:15). Whereas animals and bread once symbolized gratitude, Christ’s once-for-all atonement enables continual, Spirit-empowered thanksgiving. The early church’s breaking of bread and prayers echo the pattern: gratitude expressed both verbally and around a shared meal. Practical Ministry Implications 1. Worship Planning: Incorporate explicit thanksgiving songs, testimonies, and offerings, mirroring the integrated practice of speech and giving. Representative Old Testament References Leviticus 7:12-15; Leviticus 22:29-30 2 Chronicles 29:31; 33:16 Psalm 26:7; 42:4; 50:14; 69:30; 95:2; 100:4; 107:22; 116:17; 147:7 Jeremiah 17:26; 33:11 Harmony with New Testament Teaching Todah’s trajectory culminates in Christ’s table: “When He had given thanks, He broke it” (Luke 22:19). Believers now present continual todah—confession of the gospel, songs of praise, acts of generosity—offered through the mediating priesthood of Jesus Christ. Summary Todah threads through Israel’s worship as sacrifice, song, confession, and prophecy, finding its ultimate fulfillment in the church’s ceaseless thanksgiving through Christ. Wherever God’s people gratefully acknowledge His saving works, the ancient voice of todah still sounds. Forms and Transliterations בְּתוֹדָ֑ה בְּתוֹדָ֗ה בְתוֹדָֽה׃ בתודה בתודה׃ הַתּוֹדָ֗ה הַתּוֹדֹ֖ת התודה התודת וְהַתּוֹדָ֧ה וְתוֹד֔וֹת וְתוֹד֖וֹת וְתוֹדָ֑ה וְתוֹדָ֗ה וּבְתוֹד֣וֹת ובתודות והתודה ותודה ותודות לְתוֹדָ֑ה לתודה תּוֹדַ֣ת תּוֹדַ֥ת תּוֹדָ֑ה תּוֹדָ֔ה תּוֹדָ֖ה תּוֹדָ֗ה תּוֹדָה֙ תּוֹדָה֮ תּוֹדֹ֣ת תוֹדָ֑ה תוֹדָ֖ה תוֹדָ֛ה תוֹדֹת֩ תודה תודת bə·ṯō·w·ḏāh ḇə·ṯō·w·ḏāh betoDah bəṯōwḏāh ḇəṯōwḏāh hat·tō·w·ḏāh hat·tō·w·ḏōṯ hattoDah hattoDot hattōwḏāh hattōwḏōṯ lə·ṯō·w·ḏāh letoDah ləṯōwḏāh tō·w·ḏāh ṯō·w·ḏāh tō·w·ḏaṯ tō·w·ḏōṯ ṯō·w·ḏōṯ toDah toDat toDot tōwḏāh ṯōwḏāh tōwḏaṯ tōwḏōṯ ṯōwḏōṯ ū·ḇə·ṯō·w·ḏō·wṯ ūḇəṯōwḏōwṯ uvetoDot vehattoDah vetoDah vetoDot wə·hat·tō·w·ḏāh wə·ṯō·w·ḏāh wə·ṯō·w·ḏō·wṯ wəhattōwḏāh wəṯōwḏāh wəṯōwḏōwṯLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Leviticus 7:12 HEB: אִ֣ם עַל־ תּוֹדָה֮ יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ֒ וְהִקְרִ֣יב ׀ NAS: it by way of thanksgiving, then along KJV: If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer INT: If way of thanksgiving offers shall offer Leviticus 7:12 Leviticus 7:13 Leviticus 7:15 Leviticus 22:29 Joshua 7:19 2 Chronicles 29:31 2 Chronicles 29:31 2 Chronicles 33:16 Ezra 10:11 Nehemiah 12:27 Nehemiah 12:31 Nehemiah 12:38 Nehemiah 12:40 Psalm 26:7 Psalm 42:4 Psalm 50:14 Psalm 50:23 Psalm 56:12 Psalm 69:30 Psalm 95:2 Psalm 100:1 Psalm 100:4 Psalm 107:22 Psalm 116:17 32 Occurrences |
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