Acts 9:1-19
The original account of Paul's conversion on the road to Damascus.

Romans 1:16
Paul's declaration of not being ashamed of the Gospel, which is the power of God for salvation.

2 Corinthians 5:17
The transformative power of being in Christ, becoming a new creation.

1 Peter 3:15
The call to always be prepared to give an answer for the hope that we have.Paul's Defense and Testimony
Paul begins his defense by recounting his life before Christ, his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus, and his subsequent mission to the Gentiles (Acts 26:4-18). This highlights the importance of sharing our personal accounts of transformation.

The Role of Divine Intervention
Paul's conversion was not a result of human persuasion but a direct encounter with Jesus (Acts 26:13-15). This underscores the necessity of divine intervention in the process of salvation.

The Call to Repentance and Faith
Paul emphasizes that his mission was to call people to repent and turn to God, performing deeds consistent with repentance (Acts 26:20). This reflects the core message of the Gospel.

Boldness in Witnessing
Despite facing potential persecution, Paul boldly shares his faith before King Agrippa and others present (Acts 26:19-23). His courage serves as an example for believers to speak the truth in love, regardless of the audience.

The Response to the Gospel
King Agrippa's response, Do you think that in such a short time you can persuade me to become a Christian? (Acts 26:28), illustrates the varied reactions people have to the Gospel message.Share Your Testimony
Like Paul, be prepared to share your personal account of how Jesus has transformed your life. Your testimony can be a powerful tool in witnessing to others.

Rely on God's Power
Trust in God's ability to intervene in the lives of those you are praying for, knowing that salvation is ultimately His work.

Live a Life of Repentance
Continually seek to align your actions with your faith, demonstrating genuine repentance through your deeds.

Be Bold in Your Faith
Pray for the courage to share the Gospel, even in challenging situations or with those in authority.

Pray for Open Hearts
Recognize that not everyone will respond positively to the Gospel, but continue to pray for God to soften hearts and open minds.1. Paul
The Apostle Paul is the central figure in Acts 26. He is presenting his defense regarding the accusations against him. Paul recounts his conversion experience and his mission to preach the Gospel to both Jews and Gentiles. His Hebrew name is Saul, and he was a Pharisee before his conversion to Christianity.

2. Agrippa
King Agrippa II, the ruler of the region, is the one before whom Paul is making his defense. Agrippa is knowledgeable about Jewish customs and controversies, which is why Paul is eager to speak before him. His full name is Herod Agrippa II, and he is the great-grandson of Herod the Great.

3. Festus
Porcius Festus is the Roman governor who succeeded Felix. He is present during Paul's defense and interrupts Paul at one point, accusing him of being insane due to his extensive learning.

4. Bernice
Bernice is the sister of King Agrippa II. She is present with Agrippa during Paul's defense. Historically, she is known for her close relationship with her brother Agrippa.

5. Jesus
Jesus Christ is central to Paul's testimony. Paul recounts his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus, which led to his conversion. Jesus is referred to as the risen Lord who appeared to Paul and commissioned him to be a minister and witness.

6. Moses and the Prophets
While not present as individuals, Moses and the prophets are referenced by Paul as he explains that his teachings are in accordance with what they foretold about the Messiah. Paul emphasizes that his message is rooted in the Jewish Scriptures.1. Jerusalem
Paul refers to Jerusalem as the place where he initially lived and was known among the Jews. It is the city where he received his education and where he began persecuting Christians. In the original Greek, Jerusalem is referred to as "Ἰερουσαλήμ" (Ierousalēm).

2. Damascus
Paul describes his journey to Damascus, where he was headed to persecute Christians before his dramatic encounter with Jesus. Damascus is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and was a significant location for early Christianity. In Greek, it is "Δαμασκός" (Damaskos).

3. Judea
Paul mentions Judea as the region where he preached the message of repentance and turning to God. Judea was a Roman province at the time, encompassing Jerusalem and surrounding areas. The Greek term is "Ἰουδαία" (Ioudaia).1. Paul's Defense Before Agrippa
Paul begins his defense before King Agrippa, expressing his gratitude for the opportunity to speak and acknowledging Agrippa's familiarity with Jewish customs and controversies (Acts 26:1-3).

2. Paul's Early Life and Zeal
Paul recounts his early life, emphasizing his strict adherence to the Pharisaic tradition and his zealous persecution of Christians, which he believed was in service to God (Acts 26:4-5, 9-11).

3. The Damascus Road Encounter
Paul describes his transformative encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus, where a heavenly light and the voice of Jesus called him to be a servant and witness (Acts 26:12-18). The Greek term "φῶς" (phōs) for "light" emphasizes the divine revelation Paul experienced.

4. Paul's Obedience to the Vision
Paul explains his obedience to the heavenly vision, preaching repentance and turning to God, first to those in Damascus, then in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, and to the Gentiles (Acts 26:19-20).

5. Paul's Arrest and Divine Help
Paul recounts how his preaching led to his arrest by the Jews, but he testifies to God's help, allowing him to continue witnessing to both small and great, proclaiming nothing beyond what the prophets and Moses said would happen (Acts 26:21-23).

6. Festus Interrupts Paul's Defense
As Paul speaks of the resurrection, Festus interrupts, accusing Paul of being insane due to his great learning. Paul responds calmly, asserting the truth and reasonableness of his words (Acts 26:24-25).

7. Paul Appeals to Agrippa's Belief
Paul directly addresses King Agrippa, asking if he believes the prophets, implying that Agrippa's knowledge of Jewish prophecy should lead him to accept Paul's message (Acts 26:26-27).

8. Agrippa's Response and Conclusion
Agrippa responds to Paul, suggesting that Paul is trying to persuade him to become a Christian. Paul expresses his wish that all who hear him might become as he is, except for his chains (Acts 26:28-29).

9. Verdict of Innocence
After Paul's defense, Agrippa, Festus, and others confer privately, agreeing that Paul has done nothing deserving death or imprisonment. Agrippa notes that Paul could have been set free if he had not appealed to Caesar (Acts 26:30-32).1. Paul's Defense Before King Agrippa
Paul begins his defense by expressing his gratitude for being able to present his case before King Agrippa, who is familiar with Jewish customs and controversies. He emphasizes his background as a Pharisee and his hope in the promise made by God to the ancestors of Israel. This hope is central to his message and mission (Acts 26:1-8).

2. Paul's Former Life and Persecution of Christians
Paul recounts his past as a zealous Pharisee who persecuted Christians. He describes his actions against the followers of Jesus, including imprisoning them and casting his vote against them in their executions. This background sets the stage for the dramatic change in his life (Acts 26:9-11).

3. Paul's Conversion on the Road to Damascus
Paul narrates his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus. He describes the heavenly light and the voice of Jesus speaking to him in Hebrew, saying, "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me? It is hard for you to kick against the goads" (Acts 26:14). This pivotal moment marks his transformation from persecutor to apostle.

4. Paul's Commission from Jesus
Jesus appoints Paul as a servant and witness to both Jews and Gentiles. Paul is tasked with opening their eyes, turning them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan to God, so they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those sanctified by faith in Jesus (Acts 26:16-18).

5. Paul's Obedience to the Heavenly Vision
Paul emphasizes his obedience to the vision he received from Jesus. He began preaching the message of repentance and turning to God, first to those in Damascus, then in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, and to the Gentiles. His message is consistent with the teachings of the prophets and Moses (Acts 26:19-23).

6. Paul's Appeal to Agrippa's Belief in the Prophets
Paul directly addresses King Agrippa, acknowledging his belief in the prophets. He challenges Agrippa to consider the truth of his message, which aligns with the prophetic writings. This appeal highlights Paul's strategic approach in sharing the gospel (Acts 26:24-27).

7. Agrippa's Response and Paul's Continued Witness
Agrippa responds to Paul's appeal with the famous line, "In such a short time, would you persuade me to become a Christian?" (Acts 26:28). Paul expresses his desire for all who hear him to become as he is, except for his chains, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to his mission (Acts 26:28-29).

8. Conclusion of the Hearing
The chapter concludes with Agrippa, Festus, and others acknowledging that Paul has done nothing deserving death or imprisonment. Agrippa notes that Paul could have been set free if he had not appealed to Caesar, underscoring the legal and political complexities of Paul's situation (Acts 26:30-32).1. Paul's Defense and Testimony
Paul presents his defense before King Agrippa, recounting his life before and after his conversion to Christianity. He emphasizes his Jewish heritage and his initial persecution of Christians. This theme highlights the transformative power of Christ in an individual's life. Paul states, "I lived as a Pharisee according to the strictest sect of our religion" (Acts 26:5).

2. Divine Encounter and Commission
Paul describes his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus, where he is commissioned to be a servant and witness. This theme underscores the divine calling and mission given to believers. Paul recounts Jesus' words: "I am sending you to them to open their eyes and turn them from darkness to light" (Acts 26:17-18).

3. Fulfillment of Prophecy
Paul argues that his message aligns with the Jewish Scriptures and the prophets, asserting that Christ's suffering and resurrection were foretold. This theme emphasizes the continuity between the Old and New Testaments. Paul declares, "I am saying nothing beyond what the prophets and Moses said would happen" (Acts 26:22).

4. Repentance and Faith
Paul calls for repentance and turning to God, demonstrating the core message of the Gospel. This theme highlights the necessity of repentance and faith for salvation. He explains, "that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds worthy of their repentance" (Acts 26:20).

5. Resurrection of the Dead
The resurrection is a central theme in Paul's defense, as he asserts that Christ's resurrection is the hope for all believers. This theme is foundational to Christian doctrine. Paul asks, "Why should any of you consider it incredible that God raises the dead?" (Acts 26:8).

6. Perseverance in Persecution
Despite facing opposition and persecution, Paul remains steadfast in his mission. This theme reflects the perseverance and courage required of believers in the face of adversity. Paul states, "To this very day I have had God’s help, and I stand here to testify to small and great alike" (Acts 26:22).

7. Response to the Gospel
The varied responses to Paul's message, from skepticism to belief, illustrate the different ways people react to the Gospel. This theme highlights the personal decision each individual must make regarding faith in Christ. King Agrippa's response, "Do you think that in such a short time you can persuade me to become a Christian?" (Acts 26:28), exemplifies this theme.1. How can we reconcile Paul’s claim of resurrection in Acts 26:8 with modern scientific understanding?

2. Is Paul’s reported encounter and voice from heaven in Acts 26:14–15 verifiable, or merely subjective experience?

3. Why does Paul’s teaching in Acts 26:22–23 seem to conflict with traditional Jewish Messianic expectations?

4. Does Festus’s accusation in Acts 26:24 suggest that Paul’s claims are too extraordinary to be taken seriously?

5. How reliable is Luke’s account of Paul’s defense in Acts 26:30–32, given the limited external historical corroboration?

1. How does Paul’s personal testimony of transformation by Christ inspire your own faith journey?

2. In what ways does Paul’s boldness in sharing his faith challenge you in your personal evangelism?

3. How can Paul’s appeal to Old Testament prophecies help us understand the continuity of God’s plan of salvation?

4. Why was Festus’s response to Paul’s testimony negative, and what does it teach us about presenting the Gospel in a society that might think it is foolishness?

5. What lessons can we glean from Paul’s appeal to Agrippa's knowledge of Jewish history and prophecies?

6. How does Paul’s response to Festus’s accusation of madness exemplify the believer's response to the world's misunderstanding of the Christian faith?

7. What does Agrippa's response to Paul's appeal say about the challenge of turning intellectual acknowledgment of the Gospel into personal commitment?

8. How does Paul’s wish for all to become like him, apart from his chains, inspire you in your own aspirations for those who hear the Gospel?

9. How does Paul's demeanor throughout his trial and testimony inspire you in your approach to trials?

10. How does Paul's story show the power of a personal testimony in sharing the Gospel message?

11. What can we learn from Paul's approach to evangelism when speaking to individuals with different cultural, religious, or social backgrounds?

12. How does this chapter show the important role of the Holy Spirit in evangelism?

13. How can we ensure that we're prepared to give an account of our faith, as Paul was, in unexpected situations?

14. What challenges do you anticipate if you were to share your testimony to others and how would you handle them?

15. What are the essential elements to include in your personal testimony, as evidenced by Paul's testimony in this chapter?

16. How does the transformation Paul experienced serve as evidence for the resurrection of Christ?

17. How can we cultivate the same level of boldness and courage that Paul demonstrates in this chapter?

18. How does Paul model the call to be "in the world but not of the world"?

19. How might Paul's approach in sharing his testimony change if he were sharing it in today's world?

20. What part of Paul's message in this chapter resonates most with you, and how can you apply it in your life?