2859. chathan

Lexicon

chathan: To become a son-in-law, to make oneself a daughter's husband, to intermarry

Original Word: חָתַן
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chathan
Pronunciation: khaw-THAN
Phonetic Spelling: (khaw-than')
Definition: To become a son-in-law, to make oneself a daughter's husband, to intermarry
Meaning: to give, away in marriage, to contract affinity by marriage

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

join in affinity, father-in-law, make marriages, mother-in-law, son-in-law

A primitive root; to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage -- join in affinity, father in law, make marriages, mother in law, son in law.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
denominative verb from chathan
Definition
make oneself a daughter's husband
NASB Translation
allied himself by marriage (1), become the son-in-law (4), formed a marriage alliance (1), intermarry (4), marriage alliance (1), son-in-law (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

חֹתֵן verbal noun 1. masculine wife's father (Arabic a circumciser, hence father-in-law, with reference to circumcision performed on young men just before marriage; relation on wife's side; see We^{Prol. 1886, 355 Anm, 1; Skizzen iii, 154} Sta^{ZAW 1886. 143 Aum.} Nö^{ZMG 1886, 187}; otherwise Dl^{Pr 91} Lag^{BN 116}) — construct חֹתֵן Exodus 18:1 + 9t., חֹתֶנְךָ Exodus 18:6, חֹתְנוֺ Exodus 3:1+ 9 t.; — usually of Moses' wife's father Exodus 3:1; Exodus 4:18; Exodus 18:1,2,5,6,7,8,12 (twice in verse); Exodus 18:14; Exodus 18:15; Exodus 18:17; Exodus 18:24; Exodus 18:27 (all E), Numbers 10:29 (J), Judges 1:16; Judges 4:11; of a Levite Judges 19:4,7,9.

2. feminine wife's mother, only suffix חֹתַנְתּוֺ Deuteronomy 27:23.

II. חתן verb denominative only

Hithpa`el make oneself a daughter's husband (Late Hebrew Hithpa`el id., Aramaic Ithpa`al id.) — Perfect2masculine plural וְהִתְחַתַּנְתֶּם consecutive Joshua 23:12; Imperfect וַיִּתְחַתֵּן 1 Kings 3:1; 2Chronicles 18:1; 2 masculine תִּתְחַתֵּן Deuteronomy 7:3; 1 Samuel 18:21; Imperative הִתְחַתֵּן 1 Samuel 18:22, הִתְחַתְּנוּ Genesis 34:9; Infinitive הִתְחַתֵּן 1 Samuel 18:23 3t.; —

1 make oneself daughter's husband (son-in-law) to, with בְּ 1 Samuel 18:21,22,23,26,27; with אֶת 1 Kings 3:1; Genesis 34:9 (P); with לְ2Chronicles 18:1, of marriage of Jehoshaphat's son and Ahab's daughter (compare 2 Kings 8:18 2Chronicles 21:6).

2 in General form marriage-alliance with, with בְּ Deuteronomy 7:3; Joshua 23:12 (D), Ezra 9:14.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G1918 (ἐκγαμίζω, ekgamizō): To give in marriage
• G3994 (πέμπω, pempō): To send, to dispatch, often used in the context of sending someone for marriage
• G3995 (προπέμπω, propempō): To send forth, to accompany, used in contexts involving sending someone off, including for marriage purposes

These Greek entries reflect similar concepts of marriage and familial relationships as seen in the Hebrew חָתַן, emphasizing the continuity of these themes across both the Old and New Testaments.

Usage: The verb חָתַן (chathan) is used in the context of forming a marriage alliance, either by giving a daughter in marriage or by entering into a familial relationship through marriage. It is often used to describe the act of becoming a son-in-law or father-in-law.

Context: The Hebrew verb חָתַן (chathan) primarily denotes the act of entering into a marriage relationship, often implying the establishment of a familial bond through marriage. This term is used in various contexts within the Hebrew Bible to describe the process of forming alliances through marriage, which was a common practice in ancient Near Eastern cultures to strengthen political and social ties.

In the Old Testament, חָתַן is used in several instances to describe the act of giving a daughter in marriage or the resulting relationship between the families. For example, in 1 Samuel 18:21, King Saul uses the prospect of marriage to his daughter Michal as a means to ensnare David: "I will give her to him," Saul thought, "so that she may be a snare to him and the hand of the Philistines may be against him." This reflects the strategic use of marriage alliances in biblical narratives.

The term also appears in Genesis 34:9, where Shechem's father, Hamor, proposes an intermarriage between his people and Jacob's family: "Intermarry with us; give us your daughters and take our daughters for yourselves." This illustrates the broader social and cultural implications of marriage as a means of forming alliances and integrating communities.

חָתַן is not limited to the literal act of marriage but extends to the relational dynamics it creates, such as the roles of son-in-law and father-in-law. The verb captures the essence of marriage as a binding contract that establishes new familial relationships and obligations.

Forms and Transliterations

הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן הִתְחַתֵּ֥ן התחתן וְהִֽתְחַתְּנ֖וּ וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֖ן וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן וּ֨לְהִתְחַתֵּ֔ן והתחתנו והתחתנתם ויתחתן ולהתחתן חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ חֹֽתְנוֹ֙ חֹֽתַנְתּ֑וֹ חֹתְנ֑וֹ חֹתְנ֔וֹ חֹתְנ֖וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ חֹתֵ֣ן חֹתֵ֥ן חֹתֵ֨ן חֹתֶנְךָ֥ חתן חתנו חתנך חתנתו לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן לְחֹ֣תְנ֔וֹ לְחֹתְנ֑וֹ להתחתן לחתנו תִּתְחַתֵּ֥ן תִתְחַתֵּ֖ן תתחתן chotanTo choTen chotenCha choteNo hiṯ·ḥat·tên hitchatTen hiṯḥattên ḥō·ṯan·tōw ḥō·ṯə·nōw ḥō·ṯên ḥō·ṯen·ḵā ḥōṯantōw ḥōṯên ḥōṯenḵā ḥōṯənōw lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên lə·ḥō·ṯə·nōw leChoteNo lehitchatTen ləhiṯḥattên ləḥōṯənōw tiṯ·ḥat·tên ṯiṯ·ḥat·tên titchatTen tiṯḥattên ṯiṯḥattên ū·lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên ulehitchatTen ūləhiṯḥattên vaiyitchatTen vehitchattanTem vehitchatteNu way·yiṯ·ḥat·tên wayyiṯḥattên wə·hiṯ·ḥat·tan·tem wə·hiṯ·ḥat·tə·nū wəhiṯḥattantem wəhiṯḥattənū

Englishman's Concordance

Genesis 34:9
HEB: וְהִֽתְחַתְּנ֖וּ אֹתָ֑נוּ בְּנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙
NAS: Intermarry with us; give
KJV: And make ye marriages with us, [and] give
INT: Intermarry for your daughters

Exodus 3:1
HEB: צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנ֖וֹ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן
KJV: of Jethro his father in law, the priest
INT: the flock of Jethro law the priest of Midian

Exodus 4:18
HEB: אֶל־ יֶ֣תֶר חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙
KJV: to Jethro his father in law, and said
INT: and Jethro law and said go

Exodus 18:1
HEB: כֹהֵ֤ן מִדְיָן֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵת֩
KJV: Moses' father in law, heard
INT: the priest of Midian law Moses' of all

Exodus 18:2
HEB: וַיִּקַּ֗ח יִתְרוֹ֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶת־
KJV: Moses' father in law, took
INT: took Jethro law Moses' Zipporah

Exodus 18:5
HEB: וַיָּבֹ֞א יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה וּבָנָ֥יו
KJV: Moses' father in law, came
INT: came Jethro law Moses' his sons

Exodus 18:6
HEB: מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֲנִ֛י חֹתֶנְךָ֥ יִתְר֖וֹ בָּ֣א
KJV: unto Moses, I thy father in law Jethro
INT: Moses I law Jethro am coming

Exodus 18:7
HEB: מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִקְרַ֣את חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וַיִּשַּׁק־
KJV: to meet his father in law, and did obeisance,
INT: Moses to meet law bowed and kissed

Exodus 18:8
HEB: וַיְסַפֵּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ לְחֹ֣תְנ֔וֹ אֵת֩ כָּל־
KJV: told his father in law all that the LORD
INT: told Moses law all after

Exodus 18:12
HEB: וַיִּקַּ֞ח יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה עֹלָ֥ה
KJV: Moses' father in law, took
INT: took Jethro law Moses' A burnt

Exodus 18:12
HEB: לֶ֛חֶם עִם־ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י
KJV: with Moses' father in law before
INT: A meal in law Moses' before

Exodus 18:14
HEB: וַיַּרְא֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵ֛ת
KJV: And when Moses' father in law saw
INT: saw law Moses' all

Exodus 18:15
HEB: וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה לְחֹתְנ֑וֹ כִּֽי־ יָבֹ֥א
KJV: said unto his father in law, Because the people
INT: said Moses law Because come

Exodus 18:17
HEB: וַיֹּ֛אמֶר חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֵלָ֑יו
KJV: And Moses' father in law said
INT: said law Moses' about

Exodus 18:24
HEB: מֹשֶׁ֖ה לְק֣וֹל חֹתְנ֑וֹ וַיַּ֕עַשׂ כֹּ֖ל
KJV: to the voice of his father in law, and did
INT: Moses to the voice law and did all

Exodus 18:27
HEB: מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־ חֹתְנ֑וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ ל֖וֹ
KJV: And Moses let his father in law depart;
INT: bade Moses law went about

Numbers 10:29
HEB: רְעוּאֵ֣ל הַמִּדְיָנִי֮ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁה֒ נֹסְעִ֣ים ׀
KJV: Moses' father in law, We are journeying
INT: of Reuel the Midianite law Moses' are setting

Deuteronomy 7:3
HEB: וְלֹ֥א תִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בָּ֑ם בִּתְּךָ֙
NAS: Furthermore, you shall not intermarry with them; you shall not give
KJV: Neither shalt thou make marriages with them; thy daughter
INT: nor intermarry your daughters nor

Deuteronomy 27:23
HEB: שֹׁכֵ֖ב עִם־ חֹֽתַנְתּ֑וֹ וְאָמַ֥ר כָּל־
KJV: [be] he that lieth with his mother in law. And all the people
INT: lies in law shall say all manner

Joshua 23:12
HEB: הָאֵ֖לֶּה אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם בָּהֶ֛ם וּבָאתֶ֥ם
NAS: among you, and intermarry with them, so that you associate
KJV: [even] these that remain among you, and shall make marriages with them, and go in
INT: these among and intermarry you associate like

Judges 1:16
HEB: וּבְנֵ֣י קֵינִי֩ חֹתֵ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה עָל֨וּ
KJV: Moses' father in law, went up
INT: the descendants of the Kenite law Moses' went

Judges 4:11
HEB: מִבְּנֵ֥י חֹבָ֖ב חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֵּ֣ט
KJV: of Hobab the father in law of Moses,
INT: the sons of Hobab law of Moses pitched

Judges 19:4
HEB: וַיֶּחֱזַק־ בּ֤וֹ חֹֽתְנוֹ֙ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה
KJV: And his father in law, the damsel's
INT: detained law father the girl's

Judges 19:7
HEB: וַיִּפְצַר־ בּוֹ֙ חֹתְנ֔וֹ וַיָּ֖שָׁב וַיָּ֥לֶן
KJV: to depart, his father in law urged
INT: to go urged law again spent

Judges 19:9
HEB: וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֣וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה
KJV: and his servant, his father in law, the damsel's
INT: and servant said law father the girl's

33 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 2859
33 Occurrences

ḥō·ṯan·tōw — 1 Occ.
ḥō·ṯên — 10 Occ.
ḥō·ṯen·ḵā — 1 Occ.
ḥō·ṯə·nōw — 8 Occ.
hiṯ·ḥat·tên — 2 Occ.
lə·ḥō·ṯə·nōw — 2 Occ.
lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên — 2 Occ.
ṯiṯ·ḥat·tên — 2 Occ.
ū·lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên — 1 Occ.
way·yiṯ·ḥat·tên — 2 Occ.
wə·hiṯ·ḥat·tan·tem — 1 Occ.
wə·hiṯ·ḥat·tə·nū — 1 Occ.