Lexical Summary enab: Grape Original Word: עֵנָב Strong's Exhaustive Concordance ripe grape, wine From an unused root probably meaning to bear fruit; a grape -- (ripe) grape, wine. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom an unused word Definition a grape NASB Translation grape (1), grapes (17), raisin* (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs עֵנָב noun masculineGenesis 40:11 grape(s) (on formation compare LagBN 153); — ׳ע absolute Deuteronomy 32:14 (collective); elsewhere plural עֲנָבִים Genesis 40:10 +; construct עִנְּכֵי (Ges§ 20h) Leviticus 25:5; Deuteronomy 32:32; suffix עֲנָבֵמוֺ Deuteronomy 32:32; — grapes Genesis 40:40; Genesis 40:11 (E), Amos 9:13 (all as yielding juice for drink), Hosea 9:10 (simile), Isaiah 5:2,4 (parable), Jeremiah 8:13; Nehemiah 13:15; Leviticus 25:5 (H); ׳מִשְׁרַת ע Numbers 6:3 (P), in poetry ׳דַּםעֿ Genesis 49:11; Deuteronomy 32:14; ׳בִּכּוּרֵי ע Numbers 13:20, ׳אֶשְׁכּוֺל ע Numbers 13:23 (JE); eaten Deuteronomy 23:25, so לַתִים וִיבֵשִׁים ׳ע Numbers 6:3; ׳אֲשִׁישֵׁי ע Hosea 3:1 raisen-cakes; רוֺשׁ ׳ע Deuteronomy 32:32 grapes of poison. Topical Lexicon Agricultural importance Grapes were one of the “seven species” that signified the fruitfulness of the Promised Land (compare Deuteronomy 8:8). Their cultivation required careful terracing, pruning, and watch-towers, as seen in Isaiah 5:2. The annual vintage fell in late summer and early autumn, culminating in communal treading of the winepress (Nehemiah 13:15). Because the vines sprouted anew each year from old roots, grapes became a living testimony of continuity between generations. The massive cluster borne on a pole from the Valley of Eshcol (Numbers 13:23) illustrated both the land’s bounty and the faith needed to claim it. Symbol of prosperity and blessing The grape regularly betokens abundance. Joseph’s dream in prison ends with clusters that “ripened into grapes” (Genesis 40:10), portending Pharaoh’s restoration. Jacob’s blessing on Judah declares, “He washes his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes” (Genesis 49:11), portraying such plenty that wine is as common as wash-water. Moses later recounts how Israel drank “the blood of grapes” (Deuteronomy 32:14), a poetic reference to rich wine enjoyed in covenant fellowship. Even ordinary Israelites were to enjoy free handfuls while passing through a neighbor’s vineyard (Deuteronomy 23:24), reinforcing the ethic of generosity. Use in worship and vows Wine pressed from grapes accompanied many grain and burnt offerings, yet the Nazirite vow demanded total abstinence: “He must not drink grape juice or eat grapes, fresh or dried” (Numbers 6:3). The restriction heightened the vow’s intensity; one willingly surrendered even legitimate pleasures to pursue undivided devotion. In Hosea 3:1 the people’s idolatry is linked to “sacred raisin cakes,” showing how a good gift could be perverted when sundered from true worship. Sign of judgment and apostasy A withered vine or soured grapes vividly portrays covenant breach. Isaiah laments, “When I expected sweet grapes, why did it yield sour ones?” (Isaiah 5:4). Jeremiah echoes, “There will be no grapes on the vine” (Jeremiah 8:13), proclaiming coming desolation. Deuteronomy 32:32 starkly contrasts God’s vineyard with the nations’: “Their grapes are poisonous; their clusters are bitter,” underscoring moral corruption that merits wrath. Typology pointing to Messiah The “blood of grapes” anticipates the imagery Christ employed at the Last Supper, when He took the cup and spoke of the “fruit of the vine” fulfilled in the Kingdom. Judah’s wine-soaked garments (Genesis 49:11) foreshadow the conquering Lion of Judah whose robes are dipped in blood (Revelation 19:13). Thus the humble grape becomes a sacramental pointer to redemption accomplished through shed blood and celebrated in the communion cup. Prophetic and eschatological hope Prophets envision a day when agricultural cycles are overwhelmed by super-abundance: “The plowman will overtake the reaper and the sower of seed the treader of grapes” (Amos 9:13). Hosea recalls Israel as “grapes in the wilderness” (Hosea 9:10), suggesting that despite present barrenness God can yet restore first-fruits joy. Such promises culminate in the New Jerusalem, where the invitation is to drink freely of the river of life. Practical lessons for ministry today 1. Fruitfulness is God’s expectation for His people; sour or barren vines warn against mere outward profession. Forms and Transliterations הָֽעֲנָבִ֗ים הענבים וַעֲנָבִ֛ים וענבים כַּעֲנָבִ֣ים כענבים עֲנָבִ֖ים עֲנָבִ֛ים עֲנָבִ֤ים עֲנָבִ֨ים עֲנָבִֽים׃ עֲנָבִים֙ עֲנָבֵ֙מוֹ֙ עִנְּבֵ֥י עִנְּבֵי־ עֵנָ֖ב ענב ענבי ענבי־ ענבים ענבים׃ ענבמו ‘ă·nā·ḇê·mōw ‘ă·nā·ḇîm ‘ănāḇêmōw ‘ănāḇîm ‘ê·nāḇ ‘ênāḇ ‘in·nə·ḇê ‘in·nə·ḇê- ‘innəḇê ‘innəḇê- anaVemov anaVim eNav hā‘ănāḇîm hā·‘ă·nā·ḇîm haanaVim inneVei ka‘ănāḇîm ka·‘ă·nā·ḇîm kaanaVim vaanaVim wa‘ănāḇîm wa·‘ă·nā·ḇîmLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 40:10 HEB: הִבְשִׁ֥ילוּ אַשְׁכְּלֹתֶ֖יהָ עֲנָבִֽים׃ NAS: produced ripe grapes. KJV: thereof brought forth ripe grapes: INT: produced clusters grapes Genesis 40:11 Genesis 49:11 Leviticus 25:5 Numbers 6:3 Numbers 6:3 Numbers 13:20 Numbers 13:23 Deuteronomy 23:24 Deuteronomy 32:14 Deuteronomy 32:32 Deuteronomy 32:32 Nehemiah 13:15 Isaiah 5:2 Isaiah 5:4 Jeremiah 8:13 Hosea 3:1 Hosea 9:10 Amos 9:13 19 Occurrences |
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