James 2:21
New International Version
Was not our father Abraham considered righteous for what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

New Living Translation
Don’t you remember that our ancestor Abraham was shown to be right with God by his actions when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

English Standard Version
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar?

Berean Standard Bible
Was not our father Abraham justified by what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

Berean Literal Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, having offered his son Isaac upon the altar?

King James Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?

New King James Version
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?

New American Standard Bible
Was our father Abraham not justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar?

NASB 1995
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

NASB 1977
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

Legacy Standard Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

Amplified Bible
Was our father Abraham not [shown to be] justified by works [of obedience which expressed his faith] when he offered Isaac his son on the altar [as a sacrifice to God]?

Christian Standard Bible
Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works in offering Isaac his son on the altar?

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?

American Standard Version
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son upon the altar?

Contemporary English Version
Well, our ancestor Abraham pleased God by putting his son Isaac on the altar to sacrifice him.

English Revised Version
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son upon the altar?

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Didn't our ancestor Abraham receive God's approval as a result of what he did when he offered his son Isaac as a sacrifice on the altar?

Good News Translation
How was our ancestor Abraham put right with God? It was through his actions, when he offered his son Isaac on the altar.

International Standard Version
Our ancestor Abraham was justified by his actions when he offered his son Isaac on the altar, wasn't he?

Majority Standard Bible
Was not our father Abraham justified by what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

NET Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?

New Heart English Bible
Wasn't Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

Webster's Bible Translation
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?

Weymouth New Testament
Was it, or was it not, because of his actions that he was declared to be righteous as the result of his having offered up his son Isaac upon the altar?

World English Bible
Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Was not our father Abraham considered righteous out of works, having brought up his son Isaac on the altar?

Berean Literal Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, having offered his son Isaac upon the altar?

Young's Literal Translation
Abraham our father -- was not he declared righteous out of works, having brought up Isaac his son upon the altar?

Smith's Literal Translation
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, having brought up Isaac his son upon the altar.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, offering up Isaac his son upon the altar?

Catholic Public Domain Version
Was not our father Abraham justified by means of works, by offering his son Isaac upon the altar?

New American Bible
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered his son Isaac upon the altar?

New Revised Standard Version
Was not our ancestor Abraham justified by works when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Was not our father Abraham justified by works, when he raised Isaac his son upon the altar?

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Was not our father Abraham justified by works when he offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

Godbey New Testament
Was not Abraham our father justified by works, having offered up his son Isaac on the altar?

Haweis New Testament
Was not our father Abraham justified by works, when he offered up Isaac his son upon the altar?

Mace New Testament
was not our father Abraham treated as just, in consequence of his actions, when he had attempted to sacrifice his son upon the altar?

Weymouth New Testament
Was it, or was it not, because of his actions that he was declared to be righteous as the result of his having offered up his son Isaac upon the altar?

Worrell New Testament
Was not Abraham, our father, justified by works, when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

Worsley New Testament
consider, Was not our father Abraham justified by works, when he offered his son Isaac upon the altar?

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Faith and Works
20O foolish man, do you want evidence that faith without deeds is worthless? 21Was not our father Abraham justified by what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar? 22You see that his faith was working with his actions, and his faith was perfected by what he did.…

Cross References
Genesis 22:9-12
When they arrived at the place God had designated, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood. He bound his son Isaac and placed him on the altar, atop the wood. / Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. / Just then the angel of the LORD called out to him from heaven, “Abraham, Abraham!” “Here I am,” he replied. ...

Hebrews 11:17-19
By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac on the altar. He who had received the promises was ready to offer his one and only son, / even though God had said to him, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.” / Abraham reasoned that God could raise the dead, and in a sense, he did receive Isaac back from death.

Romans 4:1-3
What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, has discovered? / If Abraham was indeed justified by works, he had something to boast about, but not before God. / For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”

Genesis 15:6
Abram believed the LORD, and it was credited to him as righteousness.

Galatians 3:6-9
So also, “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.” / Understand, then, that those who have faith are sons of Abraham. / The Scripture foresaw that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, and foretold the gospel to Abraham: “All nations will be blessed through you.” ...

Romans 4:20-22
Yet he did not waver through disbelief in the promise of God, but was strengthened in his faith and gave glory to God, / being fully persuaded that God was able to do what He had promised. / This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”

John 8:39
“Abraham is our father,” they replied. “If you were children of Abraham,” said Jesus, “you would do the works of Abraham.

2 Chronicles 20:7
Our God, did You not drive out the inhabitants of this land before Your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of Abraham Your friend?

Isaiah 41:8
“But you, O Israel, My servant, Jacob, whom I have chosen, descendant of Abraham My friend—

Romans 3:28
For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from works of the law.

Romans 4:16
Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may rest on grace and may be guaranteed to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.

Galatians 3:29
And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed and heirs according to the promise.

Luke 3:8
Produce fruit, then, in keeping with repentance. And do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham.

Matthew 3:9
And do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham.

Romans 9:7-8
Nor because they are Abraham’s descendants are they all his children. On the contrary, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.” / So it is not the children of the flesh who are God’s children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as offspring.


Treasury of Scripture

Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son on the altar?

Abraham.

Joshua 24:3
And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his seed, and gave him Isaac.

Isaiah 51:2
Look unto Abraham your father, and unto Sarah that bare you: for I called him alone, and blessed him, and increased him.

Matthew 3:9
And think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.

justified.

James 2:18,24
Yea, a man may say, Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without thy works, and I will shew thee my faith by my works…

Psalm 143:2
And enter not into judgment with thy servant: for in thy sight shall no man living be justified.

Matthew 12:37
For by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned.

when.

Genesis 22:9-12,16-18
And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood…

Jump to Previous
Abraham Actions Altar Ancestor Considered Declared Isaac Judged Justified Offered Offering Result Righteous Righteousness Wasn't Works
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Abraham Actions Altar Ancestor Considered Declared Isaac Judged Justified Offered Offering Result Righteous Righteousness Wasn't Works
James 2
1. Do not regard the rich and despise the poor brothers;
13. rather we are to be loving and merciful;
14. and not to boast of faith without deeds;
17. because faith without deeds is useless;
19. as is the faith of the demons;
21. however, Abraham displayed both faith and actions;
25. as did Rahab.














Was not
This phrase introduces a rhetorical question, a common teaching method in Jewish tradition, designed to provoke thought and reflection. The Greek word used here, "οὐκ," implies an expectation of agreement from the audience. It sets the stage for a discussion on the nature of faith and works, encouraging believers to consider the evidence of faith in action.

our father Abraham
Abraham is a central figure in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions, often referred to as the "father of faith." In the context of James, Abraham is presented as a patriarchal example of faith in action. The use of "our father" emphasizes a shared spiritual heritage among believers, linking them to the covenant promises made to Abraham. Historically, Abraham's life is a testament to obedience and trust in God, foundational principles in the Christian faith.

justified
The Greek word "ἐδικαιώθη" (edikaiōthē) is used here, which can mean "declared righteous" or "vindicated." In the context of James, this justification is not about initial salvation but about demonstrating the authenticity of one's faith through actions. This aligns with the conservative Christian perspective that faith without works is dead, as James argues throughout the chapter.

by what he did
This phrase underscores the importance of actions as evidence of faith. The Greek term "ἐξ ἔργων" (ex ergon) translates to "from works," indicating that Abraham's faith was proven genuine through his deeds. This challenges believers to reflect on how their actions reflect their faith, emphasizing that true faith naturally results in works.

when he offered his son Isaac
This refers to the account in Genesis 22, where Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac is seen as the ultimate test of faith. The historical and scriptural context highlights Abraham's obedience and trust in God's promises, even when they seemed impossible. This act is a profound example of faith in action, demonstrating complete reliance on God.

on the altar
The altar symbolizes a place of sacrifice and worship, central to the Jewish faith. In offering Isaac, Abraham not only demonstrated his faith but also his willingness to surrender everything to God. This act of worship through sacrifice is a powerful reminder of the cost of true discipleship and the call to place God above all else.

(21) Was not Abraham our father justified by works . . .?--St. James now addresses his two examples from familiar history in force of his plea for active faith. The first is the marvellous devotion and trust of Abraham (Genesis 22) when he offered Isaac his son upon the altar; that boy himself the type of God's dear Son, who bore, like His meek ancestor, the sacrificial wood up the long weary road of death. Happily, the story is as well known to Christian readers as to the Jewish of old time, and may safely be left here without further comment.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
{Was} not
οὐκ (ouk)
Adverb
Strong's 3756: No, not. Also ouk, and ouch a primary word; the absolute negative adverb; no or not.

our
ἡμῶν (hēmōn)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural
Strong's 1473: I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.

father
πατὴρ (patēr)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3962: Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a 'father'.

Abraham
Ἀβραὰμ (Abraam)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 11: Abraham, progenitor of the Hebrew race. Of Hebrew origin; Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch.

justified
ἐδικαιώθη (edikaiōthē)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1344: From dikaios; to render just or innocent.

by
ἐξ (ex)
Preposition
Strong's 1537: From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.

what he did
ἔργων (ergōn)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural
Strong's 2041: From a primary ergo; toil; by implication, an act.

when he offered
ἀνενέγκας (anenenkas)
Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 399: From ana and phero; to take up.

his
αὐτοῦ (autou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

son
υἱὸν (huion)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5207: A son, descendent. Apparently a primary word; a 'son', used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship.

Isaac
Ἰσαὰκ (Isaak)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2464: (Hebrew), Isaac, the patriarch. Of Hebrew origin; Isaac, the son of Abraham.

on
ἐπὶ (epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909: On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

the
τὸ (to)
Article - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

altar?
θυσιαστήριον (thysiastērion)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 2379: An altar (for sacrifice). From a derivative of thusia; a place of sacrifice, i.e. An altar.


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NT Letters: James 2:21 Wasn't Abraham our father justified by works (Ja Jas. Jam)
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