When they rise up, they will be put to shame,
This phrase suggests a reversal of fortunes, a common theme in the Psalms where the wicked are ultimately disgraced (Psalm 37:12-15). Historically, this reflects the cultural understanding of honor and shame in ancient Near Eastern societies, where public disgrace was a severe consequence. Biblically, this is seen in the story of Haman in the Book of Esther, who was shamed and defeated despite his initial rise against the Jews. This also foreshadows the ultimate defeat of evil at the end of times, as described in Revelation.

but Your servant will rejoice.
The term "servant" often refers to those who are faithful to God, like David, who is traditionally attributed as the author of this psalm. The joy of the servant contrasts with the shame of the adversaries, emphasizing the reward for faithfulness. This joy is not merely emotional but is rooted in the assurance of God's justice and deliverance. Theologically, this reflects the joy of salvation and the ultimate victory of God's people, as seen in the New Testament (Philippians 4:4). The servant's rejoicing is a type of Christ's victory over sin and death, where despite suffering, He ultimately triumphed and brought joy to His followers.

“Though they curse” pictures hostile voices pouring out verbal attacks on David. He is surrounded by enemies who weaponize words—mocking, accusing, and calling down evil on him (see Psalm 109:2-3; Psalm 69:4). Even today, followers of Christ can expect to hear similar curses when they stand for truth (Luke 6:28; 1 Peter 3:9). The verse assumes the reality of opposition: godly living will attract ungodly speech.

In sharp contrast, “You will bless.” God’s declaration overrides every human malediction. As Balak learned from Balaam, “How can I curse whom God has not cursed?” (Numbers 23:8).

• God’s blessing is not merely kind words; it is active favor, protection, and provision (Psalm 5:12).

• Nothing spoken against a believer can cancel the Lord’s covenant care (Romans 8:31).

• What others intend for harm, God turns for good (Genesis 50:20).

The enemies do more than talk; they “rise up,” taking action against David. This phrase conveys an aggressive posture—plots, schemes, or even physical threats (Psalm 27:2). Every era sees wickedness that “rises up” against righteousness, yet the promise stands: “No weapon formed against you shall prosper” (Isaiah 54:17).

God’s verdict reverses the attack: the schemers are “put to shame.” In Scripture, shame often signals public exposure and defeat.

• “May those who seek my life be disgraced and confounded” (Psalm 35:4).

• Goliath rose up against Israel, but the shepherd boy’s stone ended in the giant’s humiliation (1 Samuel 17:45-50).

• Ultimately, every tongue that falsely accuses God’s people “will be silenced” (1 Peter 2:12).

David calls himself “Your servant,” the posture of humble allegiance. While the ungodly face shame, the servant experiences joy: “You lifted me up… I will extol You” (Psalm 30:1).

• Joy flows from trust in God’s unchanging character, not in shifting circumstances (Philippians 4:4).

• Jesus promised, “No one will take your joy from you” (John 16:22).

• Rejoicing becomes a testimony of faith, signaling to the world that God has the final word.

Psalm 109:28 shows a divine pattern: curses come, but God blesses; enemies rise, but God overturns; shame falls on the wicked, but joy rests on the servant. The believer’s confidence is rooted not in self-defense but in the Lord’s sure defense, turning every curse into an occasion for blessing and praise.