opened the seventh seal
The "seventh seal" is the final seal on the scroll that only the Lamb is worthy to open, as described in Revelation 5. The number seven in biblical terms often signifies completeness or perfection, indicating the culmination of God's plan. The opening of this seal marks a pivotal moment in the apocalyptic vision, transitioning from the seals to the trumpets. The Greek word for "seal" is "σφραγίς" (sphragis), which denotes authority and authenticity, underscoring the divine authority of the events that follow.

there was silence
The "silence" in heaven is profound and significant. In the context of Jewish temple worship, silence often preceded divine revelation or judgment, as seen in Habakkuk 2:20 and Zechariah 2:13. This silence can be interpreted as a moment of awe and anticipation, a pause before the unfolding of God's righteous judgment. The Greek word "σιγή" (sigē) conveys a deep, reverent hush, suggesting the gravity of the moment.

in heaven
"Heaven" is the realm of God's presence, where His will is perfectly enacted. In Revelation, heaven is depicted as a place of worship and divine activity. The silence in heaven contrasts with the usual worship and praise, emphasizing the solemnity of the moment. The Greek word "οὐρανός" (ouranos) refers to the sky or the abode of God, highlighting the divine perspective of the events on earth.

for about half an hour
The "half an hour" is a specific yet symbolic period, indicating a brief but significant pause. In apocalyptic literature, time is often symbolic, representing a divinely appointed period. This pause allows for reflection on the gravity of the judgments to come. The Greek phrase "ὡς ἡμιώριον" (hōs hēmiōrion) suggests a measured, intentional pause, inviting readers to consider the weight of divine justice and mercy.

(1) And when he had opened the seventh seal . . .--Translate, And when he opened the seventh seal there took place a silence in heaven as it were for half an hour. It is greatly to be regretted that this verse should have been prefixed to this chapter. The section of the book with which it is connected is that which goes before, not that which follows. The second verse of this eighth chapter introduces a new series of visions: the first verse gives the close of the visions which follow the opening of the seals. But what is the meaning of this verse which describes a half-hour's silence in heaven? It is a disputed point whether the book, or roll, fastened with the seven seals (Revelation 5:1-2) is ever really unrolled to view. Some have thought that as each seal is opened a portion of the roll is displayed, unfolding the vision of the seal: others have regarded the visions as mere accompaniments of the opening of the seals, and quite distinct from the writing on the roll; those who take this view are disposed to think that the roll never is read, for that when the last seal is broken, and all are expecting to hear what is written in the book, no reading takes place, but only a silence ensues. It does not seem to me that this latter view is altogether tenable. It appears a singularly harsh interpretation to say that the contents of the roll are never disclosed. The book of God's purposes was seen in the hand of Him who sat on the throne. The Evangelist longed to know something of its contents; vain efforts were made to open it; the Evangelist wept with disappointment; he was then comforted in his sorrow by hearing that the Lion of the tribe of Judah had conquered to open the book; but then, after all this, not a line or word of the book, it is said, is ever revealed. The servant is waiting to hear the divine word; the seer is waiting to record what is unfolded; but though the seals are opened, we are told that the words he waits for never came. St. John himself gives no hint of so disappointing a conclusion. Later on (Revelation 10:4) he is told not to record the utterances of the seven thunders, but there the concealing of the utterances is clearly commanded. Here he evidently associates the visions of the seals with the contents of the roll. It is only a spirit in bondage to foolish literalisms which will ask how the visions can be the writing in the roll. The book represents God's purposes and principles of His government in relation to the world-history; the seals show us some typical scenes in that world-history, and if not seen on the parchment of the roll, are yet unfoldings of principles and truths in the book. But it does not follow that all that is in the roll is ever unfolded. Such portions are made manifest as the seer could hear, and as the Church of Christ needed; and thus it may well be that the half-hour's silence is significant that all God's purposes and revelations are not exhausted--that there is something behind which it is not well that we should know--that prophecy as well as knowledge is partial. But the stillness of this half hour, if it reminds us of what is yet untold, yet proclaims to us a time of deep, unbroken tranquility, when the cries and groans of the earth, and even the grateful doxologies of heaven are hushed into calm. It is the silence which tells us that sorrow is ended, and eloquently tells us of heart peace. It is the rest of the troubled on the breast of God. All the earth, with her strife of tongues is still; all the cries of men (Revelation 6:15), of trafficker and warrior, of struggling wise, and suffering good, are stilled; all flesh keeps silence before Him; He gives His people peace.

"O earth, so full of dreary noises!

O men with wailing in your voices!

O delved gold, the waiter's heap!

O strife, O curse, that o'er it fall! . . .

(1) the destruction of Jerusalem (Manrice);

(2) A.D. 312-337 (King);

(3) the period following A.D. (Eiliott); . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...