Topical Bible: Circumcision: Performed by Joshua at Gilgal

Bible > Topical > Circumcision

◄ Circumcision: Performed by Joshua at Gilgal ►

Jump to: Torrey's • Library • Subtopics • Terms

Topical Encyclopedia

Circumcision, a covenantal sign given by God to Abraham and his descendants, holds significant theological and historical importance within the biblical narrative. The act of circumcision, as performed by Joshua at Gilgal, marks a pivotal moment in Israel's history, symbolizing both a renewal of covenantal identity and a preparation for the conquest of the Promised Land.

Biblical Context

The practice of circumcision was instituted by God as a sign of the covenant with Abraham, as recorded in Genesis 17:10-11 : "This is My covenant with you and your descendants after you, which you are to keep: Every male among you must be circumcised. You are to undergo circumcision, and it will be the sign of the covenant between Me and you." This rite was to be performed on every male child on the eighth day after birth, serving as a physical mark of belonging to God's chosen people.

Circumcision at Gilgal

The specific event of circumcision at Gilgal is detailed in the book of Joshua. After the Israelites crossed the Jordan River into the land of Canaan, the Lord instructed Joshua to circumcise the new generation of Israelites who had been born during the forty years of wilderness wandering. Joshua 5:2-3 states: "At that time the LORD said to Joshua, 'Make flint knives and circumcise the sons of Israel once again.' So Joshua made flint knives and circumcised the sons of Israel at Gibeath-haaraloth."

This act was necessary because the previous generation, who had been circumcised in Egypt, had perished in the wilderness due to their disobedience and lack of faith. The new generation had not been circumcised during the journey, as noted in Joshua 5:5 : "Though all the men who came out were circumcised, none of those born in the wilderness on the journey from Egypt had been circumcised."

Theological Significance

The circumcision at Gilgal served multiple purposes. Firstly, it was an act of obedience to God's command, reaffirming the Israelites' commitment to the covenant established with their forefathers. Secondly, it was a necessary preparation for the conquest of Canaan, symbolizing the removal of the "reproach of Egypt" (Joshua 5:9), which can be understood as the shame and disobedience associated with their past.

Moreover, this event at Gilgal marked a new beginning for the Israelites. It was a physical and spiritual preparation for the battles ahead, signifying their readiness to claim the inheritance promised to them by God. The location, Gilgal, meaning "rolling," further emphasizes the idea of rolling away the past and stepping into a new chapter of divine promise and fulfillment.

Historical and Cultural Context

In the ancient Near Eastern context, circumcision was not unique to Israel; however, its significance as a covenantal sign set the Israelites apart from surrounding nations. The act of circumcision was deeply embedded in the identity of the Israelite community, serving as a constant reminder of their unique relationship with Yahweh and their obligation to live according to His statutes.

The use of flint knives, as mentioned in Joshua 5:2, reflects the ancient practice and the continuity of tradition from the time of Abraham. This detail underscores the importance of adhering to the original instructions given by God, even in the tools used for the rite.

Conclusion

The circumcision performed by Joshua at Gilgal is a profound moment in the biblical narrative, encapsulating themes of covenant renewal, obedience, and preparation for divine mission. It highlights the importance of faithfulness to God's commands and the transformative power of aligning with His purposes.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Joshua 5:2,7
At that time the LORD said to Joshua, Make you sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Covenanting Enforced by the Grant of Covenant Signs and Seals.
... its performance, "The Lord said unto Joshua, This day ... Jew, which is one inwardly;
and circumcision is that ... duties of God's Covenant had been performed, and that ...
/.../cunningham/the ordinance of covenanting/chapter xi covenanting enforced by.htm

Against Jovinianus.
... ground, crossed over, and came to Gilgal, and there ... would be room for speaking of
a second circumcision. But the meaning is that Joshua circumcised the people ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/against jovinianus.htm

The First Chaldaean Empire and the Hyksos in Egypt
... Gilgal and Tibneh with the stone knives used by Joshua for the circumcision of the ...
Kings of Babylon"sharru Babili"who had not only performed this rite ...
/.../chapter ithe first chaldaean empire.htm