Esther 10:3
New International Version
Mordecai the Jew was second in rank to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews, and held in high esteem by his many fellow Jews, because he worked for the good of his people and spoke up for the welfare of all the Jews.

New Living Translation
Mordecai the Jew became the prime minister, with authority next to that of King Xerxes himself. He was very great among the Jews, who held him in high esteem, because he continued to work for the good of his people and to speak up for the welfare of all their descendants.

English Standard Version
For Mordecai the Jew was second in rank to King Ahasuerus, and he was great among the Jews and popular with the multitude of his brothers, for he sought the welfare of his people and spoke peace to all his people.

Berean Standard Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

King James Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren, seeking the wealth of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

New King James Version
For Mordecai the Jew was second to King Ahasuerus, and was great among the Jews and well received by the multitude of his brethren, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

New American Standard Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews and in favor with his many kinsmen, one who sought the good of his people and one who spoke for the welfare of his entire nation.

NASB 1995
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews and in favor with his many kinsmen, one who sought the good of his people and one who spoke for the welfare of his whole nation.

NASB 1977
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus and great among the Jews, and in favor with the multitude of his kinsmen, one who sought the good of his people and one who spoke for the welfare of his whole nation.

Legacy Standard Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus and was great among the Jews and pleasing to his many fellow brothers, one who sought the good of his people and one who spoke for the peace of all his seed.

Amplified Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews and in favor with his many fellow people, for he worked for the good of his people and spoke for the welfare and peace of his whole nation.

Christian Standard Bible
Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus. He was famous among the Jews and highly esteemed by many of his relatives. He continued to pursue prosperity for his people and to speak for the well-being of all his descendants.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus, famous among the Jews, and highly popular with many of his relatives. He continued to seek good for his people and to speak for the welfare of all his descendants.

American Standard Version
For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren, seeking the good of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

Contemporary English Version
Next to the king himself, Mordecai was the highest official in the kingdom. He was a popular leader of the Jews, because he helped them in many ways and would even speak to the king on their behalf.

English Revised Version
For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Mordecai the Jew was ranked second only to King Xerxes. He was greatly respected by, and popular with, all of the other Jews, since he provided for the good of his people and spoke for the welfare of his fellow Jews.

Good News Translation
Mordecai the Jew was second in rank only to King Xerxes himself. He was honored and well-liked by his fellow Jews. He worked for the good of his people and for the security of all their descendants.

International Standard Version
Indeed, Mordecai the Jew was second in authority only to King Ahasuerus and was a powerful official among the Jewish people. Mordecai was accepted favorably by his many kinsmen, and he sought the good of his countrymen and spoke out for the welfare of all his people.

Majority Standard Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

NET Bible
Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus. He was the highest-ranking Jew, and he was admired by his numerous relatives. He worked enthusiastically for the good of his people and was an advocate for the welfare of all his descendants.

New Heart English Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was next to King Achshayarsh, and great among the Jews, and accepted by the multitude of his brothers, seeking the good of his people, and speaking peace to all his descendants.

Webster's Bible Translation
For Mordecai the Jew was next to king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted by the multitude of his brethren, seeking the wealth of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

World English Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was next to King Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews and accepted by the multitude of his brothers, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his descendants.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
For Mordecai the Jew [is] second to King Ahasuerus, and a great man of the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brothers, seeking good for his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

Young's Literal Translation
For Mordecai the Jew is second to king Ahasuerus, and a great man of the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren, seeking good for his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

Smith's Literal Translation
For Mordecai the Jew was second to the king Ahasuerus, and great to the Jews, and acceptable to the multitude of his brethren, seeking good for his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And how Mardochai of the race of the Jews, was next after king Assuerus: and great among the Jews, and acceptable to the people of his brethren, seeking the good of his people, and speaking those things which were for the welfare of his seed.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and how Mordecai of Jewish birth, was second after king Artaxerxes, and great among the Jews, and acceptable to the people of his brethren, seeking the good of his people, and speaking about things which pertained to peace for their descendents. And Mordecai said, “By God have these things been done. I remember a dream that I saw, which signified these same things, and nothing of this whatsoever has failed to occur. The little fountain which grew into a river, and had turned into light and into the sun, and overflowed into many waters, is Esther, whom the king received as wife and whom he preferred to be queen. But the two dragons are I and Haman. The peoples who gathered together are those who had attempted to erase the name of the Jews. And my people is Israel, who cried out to the Lord, and the Lord brought salvation to his people, and he freed us from all evils, and he created great signs and portents among the nations. And he commanded there to be two lots, one for the people of God and the other for all the nations. And both lots arrived at the day appointed before God, even from that past time, for all peoples. And the Lord remembered his people and had mercy on his inheritance. And these days shall be observed in the month of Adar, on the fourteenth and fifteenth day of the same month, with all zealousness and joy, by the people gathered together into one union, throughout all the generations hereafter of the people of Israel.” In the fourth year of the reigns of Ptolemy and Cleopatra, Dositheus, who was himself a priest and born of the Levites, and Ptolemy his son, brought this epistle of Purim, which they said was a translation by Lysimachus the son of Ptolemy in Jerusalem.

New American Bible
The Jew Mordecai was next in rank to King Ahasuerus, in high standing among the Jews, popular with many of his kindred, seeking the good of his people and speaking out on behalf of the welfare of all its descendants.

New Revised Standard Version
For Mordecai the Jew was next in rank to King Ahasuerus, and he was powerful among the Jews and popular with his many kindred, for he sought the good of his people and interceded for the welfare of all his descendants.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
For Mordecai the Jew was next to King Akhshirash and became the chief over the Jews, and he sought the good of his people and spoke on behalf of all his race.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
For Murdacai the Jew was second to King Akhashiresh, and he was the great one over the Jews, and was seeking the good of his people, and was speaking for all its offspring.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his seed.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Mardochaeus was viceroy to king Artaxerxes, and was a great man in the kingdom, and honoured by the Jews, and passed his life beloved of all his nation.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Tribute to Xerxes and Mordecai
2And all of Mordecai’s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia? 3For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

Cross References
Genesis 41:40-44
You shall be in charge of my house, and all my people are to obey your commands. Only with regard to the throne will I be greater than you.” / Pharaoh also told Joseph, “I hereby place you over all the land of Egypt.” / Then Pharaoh removed the signet ring from his finger, put it on Joseph’s finger, clothed him in garments of fine linen, and placed a gold chain around his neck. ...

Daniel 6:3
Soon, by his extraordinary spirit, Daniel distinguished himself among the administrators and satraps. So the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom.

Nehemiah 2:10
But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official heard about this, they were deeply disturbed that someone had come to seek the well-being of the Israelites.

1 Samuel 2:26
And the boy Samuel continued to grow in stature and in favor with the LORD and with man.

Proverbs 3:3-4
Never let loving devotion or faithfulness leave you; bind them around your neck, write them on the tablet of your heart. / Then you will find favor and high regard in the sight of God and man.

1 Chronicles 29:25
The LORD highly exalted Solomon in the sight of all Israel and bestowed on him royal majesty such as had not been bestowed on any king in Israel before him.

2 Chronicles 17:3-5
Now the LORD was with Jehoshaphat because he walked in the earlier ways of his father David. He did not seek the Baals, / but he sought the God of his father and walked by His commandments rather than the practices of Israel. / So the LORD established the kingdom in his hand, and all Judah brought him tribute, so that he had an abundance of riches and honor.

2 Samuel 8:15
Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people:

1 Kings 3:28
When all Israel heard of the judgment the king had given, they stood in awe of him, for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him to administer justice.

Isaiah 52:13
Behold, My Servant will prosper; He will be raised and lifted up and highly exalted.

Romans 13:3
For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval.

Acts 10:22
“Cornelius the centurion has sent us,” they said. “He is a righteous and God-fearing man with a good reputation among the whole Jewish nation. A holy angel instructed him to request your presence in his home so he could hear a message from you.”

Philippians 2:9-11
Therefore God exalted Him to the highest place and gave Him the name above all names, / that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, / and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

1 Peter 2:14
or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.

1 Timothy 2:1-2
First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving be offered for everyone— / for kings and all those in authority—so that we may lead tranquil and quiet lives in all godliness and dignity.


Treasury of Scripture

For Mordecai the Jew was next to king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brothers, seeking the wealth of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.

next unto king.

Genesis 41:44
And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, I am Pharaoh, and without thee shall no man lift up his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt.

1 Samuel 23:17
And he said unto him, Fear not: for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth.

2 Chronicles 28:7
And Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim, slew Maaseiah the king's son, and Azrikam the governor of the house, and Elkanah that was next to the king.

accepted.

Esther 3:2
And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence.

Romans 14:18
For he that in these things serveth Christ is acceptable to God, and approved of men.

seeking.

Nehemiah 2:10
When Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly that there was come a man to seek the welfare of the children of Israel.

Psalm 122:6-9
Pray for the peace of Jerusalem: they shall prosper that love thee…

Romans 9:2,3
That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart…

REMARKS ON THE BOOK OF ESTHER.

Esther 10:1
And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.

Jump to Previous
Accepted Ahasuerus Ahasu-E'rus Descendants Esteem Favor Fellow Good Great Held High Jew Jews Kinsmen Mordecai Mor'decai Multitude Nation Peace Preeminent Rank Second Seed Seeking Sought Speaking Wealth Welfare Whole Worked Xerxes
Jump to Next
Accepted Ahasuerus Ahasu-E'rus Descendants Esteem Favor Fellow Good Great Held High Jew Jews Kinsmen Mordecai Mor'decai Multitude Nation Peace Preeminent Rank Second Seed Seeking Sought Speaking Wealth Welfare Whole Worked Xerxes
Esther 10
1. Xerxes' greatness.
3. Mordecai's advancement.














For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes
Mordecai's rise to power is significant in the context of the Persian Empire, where he became the highest-ranking official under King Xerxes (also known as Ahasuerus). This mirrors the story of Joseph in Egypt, who also rose to a position of great authority under Pharaoh (Genesis 41:40-41). Mordecai's ascent highlights God's providence and the fulfillment of His plans through faithful individuals. Historically, the Persian Empire was vast, and being second in command meant Mordecai wielded considerable influence, which he used to protect and benefit the Jewish people.

preeminent among the Jews
Mordecai's preeminence among the Jews signifies his leadership and the respect he commanded within the Jewish community. This status was not only due to his position in the Persian court but also because of his role in saving the Jews from Haman's plot (Esther 8:15-17). His leadership is reminiscent of other Jewish leaders like Moses and David, who were also esteemed among their people. Mordecai's prominence is a testament to his character and the divine favor upon him.

and highly favored by his many kinsmen
Mordecai's favor among his kinsmen indicates the unity and support he received from the Jewish community. This favor was likely due to his integrity, wisdom, and the deliverance he helped secure for the Jews. It reflects the biblical principle that righteous leadership earns the trust and admiration of the people (Proverbs 29:2). Mordecai's favor also underscores the importance of community and solidarity among the Jewish people during their time in exile.

seeking the good of his people
Mordecai's actions were motivated by a desire to seek the welfare of his people, aligning with the biblical mandate to love one's neighbor and seek justice (Micah 6:8). His leadership was characterized by selflessness and a commitment to the common good, which is a hallmark of godly leadership. This phrase also echoes the role of Christ, who came to seek and save the lost and work for the good of humanity (Luke 19:10).

and speaking peace to all his countrymen
Mordecai's efforts to speak peace reflect the biblical ideal of shalom, which encompasses wholeness, harmony, and well-being. His leadership brought stability and peace to the Jewish community within the Persian Empire. This peace is not merely the absence of conflict but the presence of justice and righteousness, akin to the peace that Christ offers to believers (John 14:27). Mordecai's role as a peacemaker is a model for Christian conduct, emphasizing reconciliation and harmony.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Mordecai
A Jew who rose to a position of great power in the Persian Empire, second only to King Xerxes. He is known for his wisdom, integrity, and dedication to the welfare of his people.

2. King Xerxes
The Persian king during the time of Esther and Mordecai. He appointed Mordecai to a high position in his kingdom.

3. The Jews
The people of Israel living in exile in the Persian Empire. They were the beneficiaries of Mordecai's advocacy and leadership.

4. Persian Empire
The vast empire ruled by King Xerxes, where the events of the Book of Esther take place.

5. The Welfare of the Jews
The central concern of Mordecai's leadership, ensuring the safety and prosperity of his people in a foreign land.
Teaching Points
Leadership and Influence
Mordecai's account teaches us that godly leadership involves using influence for the benefit of others, not for personal gain.

Advocacy for Others
Like Mordecai, Christians are called to speak up for the welfare of others, especially those who are vulnerable or marginalized.

Faithfulness in Exile
Mordecai's faithfulness in a foreign land encourages believers to remain steadfast in their faith and values, regardless of their circumstances.

God's Sovereignty
Mordecai's rise to power is a testament to God's sovereignty, orchestrating events for the good of His people even in seemingly dire situations.

Community Esteem
Mordecai's high esteem among his fellow Jews highlights the importance of living a life that earns the respect and trust of one's community.(3) Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus.--We have seen that the events recorded in this book carry us to the year 470 B.C., at which time Mordecai was at the zenith of his greatness. How long he kept it, whether death or disgrace brought it to a close, and if the latter, from what cause, we cannot say. All we know is, that near the end of Xerxes' reign his favourite and chief adviser was Artabanus, the captain of the guard, by whom he was murdered in B.C. 464. The last we hear of Mordecai, whatever was his afterfate, is that he was loyal to his people, and approved himself their benefactor, "seeking the wealth (i.e., weal--literally, good), and speaking peace to all his seed," all of the stock of Israel.

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#define version=3

Verse 3. - Next unto king Ahasuerus. Compare Genesis 41:40; Daniel 5:7; Daniel 6:3. Profane history neither confirms this nor contradicts it. We know almost nothing of Xerxes from profane sources after his return to Susa in B.C. 479. Accepted cf. Or, "beloved by." The wealth of his people. i.e. their welfare. Speaking peace to all his seed. It is generally allowed that by "his seed", we must understand those of the same stock with himself - "the seed of Israel." "Speaking peace" to them seems to mean "promoting their peace and safety" - insuring them, so long as he lived and ruled, a quiet and peaceful existence.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
For
כִּ֣י ׀ (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

Mordecai
מָרְדֳּכַ֣י (mā·rə·do·ḵay)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4782: Mordecai -- a companion of Zerubbabel, also a cousin of Esther

the Jew
הַיְּהוּדִ֗י (hay·yə·hū·ḏî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish

was second
מִשְׁנֶה֙ (miš·neh)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4932: A repetition, a duplicate, a double, a second

only to King
לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ (lam·me·leḵ)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4428: A king

Xerxes,
אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ (’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 325: Ahasuerus -- king of Persia

preeminent
וְגָדוֹל֙ (wə·ḡā·ḏō·wl)
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent

among the Jews
לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים (lay·yə·hū·ḏîm)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish

and highly favored
וְרָצ֖וּי (wə·rā·ṣui)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular
Strong's 7521: To be pleased with, to satisfy a, debt

by his many
לְרֹ֣ב (lə·rōḇ)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7230: Multitude, abundance, greatness

kinsmen,
אֶחָ֑יו (’e·ḥāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

seeking
דֹּרֵ֥שׁ (dō·rêš)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1875: To tread, frequent, to follow, to seek, ask, to worship

the good
טוֹב֙ (ṭō·wḇ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2896: Pleasant, agreeable, good

of his people
לְעַמּ֔וֹ (lə·‘am·mōw)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

and speaking
וְדֹבֵ֥ר (wə·ḏō·ḇêr)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue

peace
שָׁל֖וֹם (šā·lō·wm)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7965: Safe, well, happy, friendly, welfare, health, prosperity, peace

to all
לְכָל־ (lə·ḵāl)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

his countrymen.
זַרְעֽוֹ׃ (zar·‘ōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2233: Seed, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity


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OT History: Esther 10:3 For Mordecai the Jew was next (Est Esth. Es)
Esther 10:2
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