Lexical Summary dush or dish: threshing, thresh, threshed Original Word: דּוּשׁ Strong's Exhaustive Concordance break, tear, thresh, tread out down, at grass Jer Or dowsh {dosh}; or diysh {deesh}; a primitive root; to trample or thresh -- break, tear, thresh, tread out (down), at grass (Jer. 50:11, by mistake for deshe'). see HEBREW deshe' NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definition to tread, thresh NASB Translation continue to thresh (1), thrash (1), thresh (3), threshed (2), threshing (4), trample (1), trampled (1), trodden down (2). Brown-Driver-Briggs דּוּשׁ, דּישׁ verb tread, thresh (Arabic  , Assyrian dâšu, Imperfect 1 singular adîš DlPr 191 COTGloss HomNS 391; compare Late Hebrew דּוּשׁ, Aramaic id.,  ; see further NöZMG 1883, 538) — Qal Perfect דָּשׁ 1 Chronicles 21:20, וְדַשְׁתִּ֫י Judges 8:7; Imperfect וַיָּדָשׁ so read for וַיֹּדַע Judges 8:16 compare Be Door Bu Vrss; 2 masculine singular תָּדוּשׁ Isaiah 41:15; Habakkuk 3:12; 3masculine singular suffix יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ Isaiah 28:28; 3feminine singular suffix תְּדוּשֶׁ֑הָ Job 39:15; Imperative feminine singular דּוֺשִׁי Micah 4:13; Infinitive construct לָדֻשׁ 2 Kings 13:7, לָדוּשׁ Hosea 10:11, suffix דּוּשָׁם Amos 1:13; דִּישׁוֺ Deuteronomy 25:4; absolute אָדוֺשׁ Isaiah 28:28 as if from אדשׁ compare Köi. 444; yet ארשׁ nowhere else & form very possibly textual error, compare Ol§ 245 k; Participle feminine דָּשָׁא Jeremiah 50:11; — tread on, trample on, with accusative Job 39:15 (beast on eggs, "" זוּר); thresh, literal with accusative חִטִּים 1 Chronicles 21:20; Jeremiah 50:11, לֶחֶם (i.e. its material) Isaiah 28:28 (in simile); absolute 2 Kings 13:7 (in simile); Hosea 10:11 (metaphor of Ephraim as heifer); tread or thresh Judges 8:7 with (אֶת = together with, compare Stu; Ew§ 234 e takes as accusative, & verb as abbrev Hiph`il.) thorns, קוֺצִים and בַּרְקָנִים q. v.; and also in Judges 8:16 (read וידשׁ compare above) followed by בָּהֶם, with them, reference to קוצים and ברקנים; figurative devastation of land Amos 1:3 (Gilead), destruction of peoples Habakkuk 3:12 (גוים); especially Micah 4:13 (absolute), where full metaphor; hyperbole of Israel Isaiah 41:15 with accusative הרים. — Niph`al be trampled down, Perfect וְנָדוֺשׁ consecutive Isaiah 25:10 figurative, subject Moab; Infinitive הִדּוּשׁ ib. (simile, subject מתבן straw-heap; on form compare Ol§ 193 a BaNB 156) — Hoph`al be threshed, Imperfect יוּדַשׁ Isaiah 28:27 (subject קֶצַח). Topical Lexicon Agricultural backdrop Threshing was a decisive stage in Israel’s grain cycle, separating kernel from husk by having animals, sledges, or feet tread the sheaves spread on a hard floor. The verb describes that vigorous action. The practice framed village life from the barley harvest of Spring to the wheat harvest of early Summer, with the threshing floor doubling as a social and judicial meeting place (Ruth 3, 1 Samuel 23:1). Every Old Testament use of דּוּשׁ is colored by that familiar rural picture. Legal and ethical concerns Deuteronomy 25:4 legislates compassion in the very moment of profit: “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain.” The animal that labored was entitled to share in the fruit of its labor. Centuries later Paul cited the verse twice (1 Corinthians 9:9; 1 Timothy 5:18) to defend the right of gospel workers to receive material support. Thus the verb undergirds an enduring biblical principle: wages are due where work is done, whether to animals, field hands, or ministers. Military and political imagery Threshing also supplied a vivid metaphor for the crushing of human opposition. • Judges 8:7 – Gideon vowed to “thresh your flesh with desert thorns.” Such uses convey relentless, pulverizing force—no resistance remains, just as chaff vanishes beneath hooves and flails. Prophetic language of judgment Several prophets employ the verb to portray divine retribution: – Amos 1:3 condemns Damascus “because they threshed Gilead with sledges of iron.” Cruel aggressors will reap what they sow. – Isaiah 25:10 twice likens Moab to straw trampled in a dung pit, signaling total humiliation. – Habakkuk 3:12 shows the LORD “marching through the earth in fury, threshing the nations.” The picture is never gratuitous; God’s threshing is morally measured, separating righteous grain from wicked chaff. Hope-filled transformation The same imagery can promise deliverance. Isaiah 41:15: “Behold, I will make you into a new threshing sledge with sharp teeth; you will thresh the mountains and crush them.” Israel, formerly weak, becomes God’s instrument to level obstacles. Micah 4:13 broadens the vista to eschatology: “Rise and thresh, O Daughter Zion, for I will make your horn iron and your hooves bronze, so you will crush many peoples.” The remnant’s victory foretells the Messiah’s reign when the nations are judged and the harvest of the righteous gathered in (Revelation 14). Discipline and discipleship Job 39:15 notes the ostrich that “crushes her eggs underfoot,” a reminder that indiscriminate trampling destroys life. By contrast, Isaiah 28:27-28 explains that “grain for bread is crushed, yet the thresher does not thresh it forever.” God’s dealings with His people are exact, never excessive. Trials refine, not ruin. Believers are assured that affliction, like measured threshing, removes what hinders fruitfulness without obliterating the kernel of faith (James 1:2-4). Pastoral and ministry application 1. Fair compensation: Just as the ox is fed, so those who labor in preaching and teaching should be materially sustained. Summary Whether literal on the village floor or figurative in courts, battlefields, and prophetic visions, דּוּשׁ weaves a thread of justice, mercy, and ultimate restoration. The same action that frees the kernel nourishes the people of God, foreshadowing the final harvest when Christ gathers His own and all inequity is trodden under His feet. Forms and Transliterations בְּדִישֽׁוֹ׃ בדישו׃ דָּ֥שׁ דּוּשָׁ֛ם דושם דש וְדַשְׁתִּי֙ וְנָ֤דוֹשׁ וָד֣וֹשִׁי ודושי ודשתי ונדוש י֣וּדַשׁ יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ ידושנו יודש כְּהִדּ֥וּשׁ כהדוש לָד֔וּשׁ לָדֻֽשׁ׃ לדוש לדש׃ תְּדוּשֶֽׁהָ׃ תָּד֤וּשׁ תָּד֥וּשׁ תדוש תדושה׃ bə·ḏî·šōw bediSho bəḏîšōw dāš dash dū·šām dūšām duSham kə·hid·dūš kəhiddūš kehidDush lā·ḏuš lā·ḏūš lāḏuš lāḏūš laDush tā·ḏūš tāḏūš taDush tə·ḏū·še·hā təḏūšehā teduSheha vaDooshi vedashTi veNadoosh wā·ḏō·wō·šî wāḏōwōšî wə·ḏaš·tî wə·nā·ḏō·wōš wəḏaštî wənāḏōwōš yə·ḏū·šen·nū yəḏūšennū yeduShennu yū·ḏaš yūḏaš YudashLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Deuteronomy 25:4 HEB: תַחְסֹ֥ם שׁ֖וֹר בְּדִישֽׁוֹ׃ ס NAS: the ox while he is threshing. INT: muzzle the ox is threshing Judges 8:7 2 Kings 13:7 1 Chronicles 21:20 Job 39:15 Isaiah 25:10 Isaiah 25:10 Isaiah 28:27 Isaiah 28:28 Isaiah 41:15 Hosea 10:11 Amos 1:3 Micah 4:13 Habakkuk 3:12 14 Occurrences |
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