Lexical Summary nadach: To drive away, scatter, banish, thrust out Original Word: נָדַח Strong's Exhaustive Concordance banish, bring, cast down out, chase, compel, draw away, drive away, out, A primitive root; to push off; used in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (to expel, mislead, strike, inflict, etc.) -- banish, bring, cast down (out), chase, compel, draw away, drive (away, out, quite), fetch a stroke, force, go away, outcast, thrust away (out), withdraw. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definition to impel, thrust, banish NASB Translation banish (1), banished (3), banished one (3), bring down (1), dispersed (1), drawn away (2), drive (3), driven (11), driven away (5), hunted (1), led...astray (1), outcast (2), outcasts (6), scatter (1), scattered (4), seduce (2), seduced (1), seduces (1), straying away (1), swinging (1), swings (1), thrust (1), thrust down (1), will not be cast out (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs [נָדַח] verb impel, thrust, banish (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah and later) (Late Hebrew id., beguile, Hiph, Niph`al; Aramaic נְדַח (rare) = Biblical Hebrew; Ethiopic  ; thrust; Arabic  is drive a ship to shore); — Qal Imperfect יִדַּח 2 Samuel 14:14; Infinitive לִנְדֹּחַ Deuteronomy 20:19; — transitive 1 impel (i.e. wield) an axe, followed byעַלֿ Deuteronomy 20:19; 2 thrust away, banish followed byמִןֿ 2 Samuel 14:14. Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נִדְּחָה Job 6:13, etc.; (Imperfect יִדַּ֫חוּ Jeremiah 23:12 see דחח); Participle נִדָּח 2 Samuel 14:14; נִדָּחָה Micah 4:6 2t.; נִדַּ֫חַת Ezekiel 34:4,16, etc. On נִדְחֵי Isaiah 11:12; Isaiah 56:8; Psalm 147:2 see Ki Köi. 317; — 1 be impelled: וְנִדְּחָה יָרוֺ בַּגַּרְוֶן be impelled with the axe Deuteronomy 19:5. 2 be thrust out, banished: of dispersion in exile, followed by שָׁם Jeremiah 40:12; Jeremiah 43:5 ("" שׁוּב); followed by לִפְנֵי Jeremiah 49:5 ("" קִבֵּץ); compare also figurative תֻּשִׁיָּה נִדְּחָה מִמֶּנִּי Job 6:13 is banished from me, i.e. is non-existent; especially Participle banished one(s), outcast(s), as accusative of congnate meaning with verb with נָדַח2Samuel 14:14; with קִבֵּץ Micah 4:6; Deuteronomy 30:4; Zephaniah 3:19; Nehemiah 1:9; יִשִׂרָאֵל ׳נ, with אָסַף Isaiah 11:12 ("" נְפֻצוֺת יְקַבֵּץ); with קִבֵּץ Isaiah 56:8; with כִּנֵּס Psalm 147:2; with הֵשִׁיב 2 Samuel 14:13; Ezekiel 34:4,16 (both "" אֹבֵד); with בּוֺא Isaiah 27:13 ("" id.); see also Isaiah 16:3,4; Jeremiah 49:36; outcast = neglected one, figurative of Zion Jeremiah 30:17 ("" דֹּרֵשׁ אֵין לָהּ). 3 driven away (from herd, i.e.) straying Deuteronomy 22:1. 4 thrust away, aside from ׳י to idiolatry Deuteronomy 4:19; Deuteronomy 30:17 (followed by וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוָה). Pu`al Participle אֲקֵלָה מְנֻדָּח Isaiah 8:22 thrust into darkness. Hiph`il Perfect וְהִדִּיחַ consecutive 2 Samuel 15:14; הִדַּ֫חְתִּי Jeremiah 23:3; Jeremiah 29:14, etc.; Imperfect suffix וַיַּדַּח2Chronicles 21:11 + 2 Kings 17:21 Qr; וַיַּדִּ֫יחוּ Deuteronomy 13:14, etc.; Imperative suffix הַדִּיחֵ֫מוֺ Psalm 5:11; Infinitive הַדִּיחַ Psalm 62:5, etc.; — 1 thrust, move, impel, figurative, object רָעָה 2 Samuel 15:14 (followed by עַלֿ. 2 thrust out, banish, especially of exile, subject ׳י, with accusative followed by שָׁ֫מָּה Deuteronomy 30:1; Jeremiah 46:28; Jeremiah 16:15 ("" הֶעֱלָה); followed by שָׁם Jeremiah 8:3; Jeremiah 24:9; Jeremiah 29:18; Daniel 9:7 + Ezekiel 4:13 (omitted by ᵐ5 Co); Jeremiah 23:3 ("" קִבֵּץ), Jeremiah 23:8 ("" הֶעֱלָה, הֵבִיא) Jeremiah 29:14 ("" קִבֵּץ, הֵשֹׁיב), so Jeremiah 32:37; also Jeremiah 27:10 ("" הַרְחִיק), Jeremiah 27:15 ("" אָבַד), compare Jeremiah 23:2 (Judah under figure of flock, subject evil shepherd, "" הֵפִיץ), Jeremiah 50:17 (Israel as sheep, subject enemies as lions); of driving out priests 2 Chronicles 13:9; invader Joel 2:20 (followed by אֶלֿ); wicked Psalm 5:11 ("" הַאֲשִׁימֵם); good man from his eminence Psalm 62:5 (followed by מִן). 3 thrust away, aside, from ׳י to idolatry, with accusative, Deuteronomy 13:14; followed by מִןהַֿדֶּרֶךְ Deuteronomy 13:6; ׳מֵעַל י Deuteronomy 13:11; ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י 2 Kings 17:21 Qr (Kt see נדא); compare 2 Chronicles 21:11 ("" הִזְנָה). 4 compel, force, subject adulteress (by flattery), followed by accusative Proverbs 7:21 ("" הִטָּה). Hoph`al Participle מֻדָּח chased, hunted, ׳צְבִי מ Isaiah 13:14, simile of fugitive Babylonians. Topical Lexicon OverviewOccurring about fifty-one times, נָדַח functions as a narrative thread that moves from conquest through exile to promised restoration. The word’s range—thrusting out, scattering, driving away, luring astray—allows Scripture to speak with vivid unity about both physical displacement and spiritual defection. Israel’s Conquest of Canaan At the birth of the nation, נָדַח is used for the removal of hostile peoples from the promised land. “I will drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites” (Exodus 34:11). The verb frames the conquest as the work of God Himself, not merely Israel’s military prowess. Every victory thus reinforces the covenant promise first given to Abraham. Covenant Curses: Exile and Dispersion The same verb later describes what befalls Israel when the covenant is violated: “The LORD will scatter you among the peoples” (Deuteronomy 4:27). Dispersion is the negative mirror of conquest; the land that was once cleared for them now clears them out. Historical fulfillment is traced through the Assyrian exile of the northern kingdom, the Babylonian captivity of Judah, and the broader Diaspora hinted at by Moses (“Even if you have been banished to the ends of the heavens,” Deuteronomy 30:4). Psalmists and prophets interpret these events theologically. “You have scattered us among the nations” (Psalm 44:11) is not mere lament but confession that divine judgment is righteous. Jeremiah repeats the refrain, announcing that covenant-breaking shepherds “have scattered My flock and driven them away” (Jeremiah 23:2). Apostasy and Seduction In several texts נָדַח depicts spiritual seduction. False prophets (Deuteronomy 13:5), foreign gods (Deuteronomy 4:19), and the adulterous woman (Proverbs 7:21) all “turn” or “entice” the unsuspecting from fidelity to the LORD. Idolatry thus becomes a form of internal exile—hearts are driven from their rightful home in God before bodies ever leave the land. Pastoral Imagery: Straying Sheep Prophetic shepherd imagery employs נָדַח to diagnose and to promise cure. Ezekiel hears God pledge, “I will seek the lost, bring back the strays” (Ezekiel 34:16). Zechariah notes that, in the absence of faithful leadership, “the people wander like sheep” (Zechariah 10:2). The metaphor exposes negligent leaders and magnifies the compassion of the divine Shepherd who personally regathers His flock. Banished Persons and Social Justice The term surfaces in legal or royal contexts concerning individuals driven away unjustly, such as the “banished” whom David fails to restore (2 Samuel 14:13-14). The concern extends beyond national destiny to the fate of marginalized persons, reminding rulers that their policies must mirror God’s inclusive mercy. Eschatological Gathering The prophets do not let dispersion have the last word. Isaiah announces, “He will…collect the scattered of Judah from the four corners of the earth” (Isaiah 11:12). Deuteronomy 30:3-4, Jeremiah 23:3-8, and Isaiah 27:13 converge on the conviction that the same God who scatters for judgment will gather for salvation. The New Testament echoes the theme when Jesus speaks of “other sheep” He must bring (John 10:16), implying the final, global reversal of נָדַח. Theological Reflections 1. Divine Sovereignty. Whether enemies are expelled or Israel is exiled, נָדַח underscores that history moves at God’s command. Ministry Implications • Evangelism and Missions: The church participates in God’s regathering project, calling spiritual exiles home through the gospel. Thus נָדַח serves Scripture as both warning and promise: God drives out unfaithfulness, yet He relentlessly gathers the driven-away to Himself. Forms and Transliterations אַדִּיחֵ֖ם אַדִּיחֵ֥ם אדיחם הִדִּ֑יחוּ הִדִּיחֲךָ֛ הִדִּיחָ֖ם הִדַּ֥חְתִּי הִדַּ֧חְתִּי הִדַּחְתִּ֖ים הִדַּחְתִּ֣יךָ הִדַּחְתִּ֣ים הִדַּחְתִּ֥ים הִדַּחְתֶּם֙ הִדַּחְתָּ֣ם הַדִּיחִ֤י הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ הַנִּדַּ֙חַת֙ הַנִּדַּ֣חַת הדחתי הדחתיך הדחתים הדחתם הדיחו הדיחי הדיחך הדיחם הדיחמו הנדחת וְהִדִּ֤יחַ וְהִדַּחְתִּ֥י וְהִדַּחְתִּיו֮ וְהַנִּדָּחִ֖ים וְהַנִּדָּחָ֖ה וְהַנִּדָּחָה֙ וְנִדְּחָ֨ה וְנִדַּחְתֶּם֙ וְנִדַּחְתָּ֗ וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וַיַּדִּ֛יחוּ וַיַּדַּ֖ח וַתַּדִּח֔וּם והדחתי והדחתיו והדיח והנדחה והנדחים וידח וידיחו ונדחה ונדחת ונדחתם ותדחום יִדַּ֥ח ידח לְהַדִּֽיחֲךָ֙ לְהַדִּיחַ֮ לִנְדֹּ֤חַ להדיח להדיחך לנדח מְנֻדָּֽח׃ מֻדָּ֔ח מדח מנדח׃ נִֽדַּחֲךָ֖ נִֽדַּחֲכֶ֜ם נִדְּחֵ֥י נִדְּחָ֥ה נִדְּחֽוֹ׃ נִדְּחוּ־ נִדָּֽח׃ נִדָּחִ֔ים נִדָּחַ֔י נִדָּחָה֙ נדח׃ נדחה נדחו־ נדחו׃ נדחי נדחים נדחך נדחכם תַּדִּיחֶֽנּוּ׃ תדיחנו׃ ’ad·dî·ḥêm ’addîḥêm addiChem had·dî·ḥê·mōw had·dî·ḥî haddiChemov haddiChi haddîḥêmōw haddîḥî han·nid·da·ḥaṯ hannidDachat hanniddaḥaṯ hid·daḥ·tām hid·daḥ·tem hid·daḥ·tî hid·daḥ·tî·ḵā hid·daḥ·tîm hid·dî·ḥă·ḵā hid·dî·ḥām hid·dî·ḥū hiddachTam hiddachTem hidDachti hiddachTicha hiddachTim hiddaḥtām hiddaḥtem hiddaḥtî hiddaḥtîḵā hiddaḥtîm hiddichaCha hiddiCham hidDichu hiddîḥăḵā hiddîḥām hiddîḥū lə·had·dî·aḥ lə·had·dî·ḥă·ḵā lehaddiaCh ləhaddîaḥ lehaddichaCha ləhaddîḥăḵā lin·dō·aḥ linDoach lindōaḥ mə·nud·dāḥ menudDach mənuddāḥ mud·dāḥ mudDach muddāḥ nid·da·ḥă·ḵā nid·da·ḥă·ḵem nid·dā·ḥāh nid·dā·ḥay nid·dā·ḥîm nid·dāḥ nid·də·ḥāh nid·də·ḥê nid·də·ḥōw nid·də·ḥū- nidDach niddachaCha niddachaChem niddaChah niddaChai niddaChim niddāḥ niddāḥāh niddaḥăḵā niddaḥăḵem niddāḥay niddāḥîm niddeChah niddeChei niddeCho niddechu niddəḥāh niddəḥê niddəḥōw niddəḥū- tad·dî·ḥen·nū taddiChennu taddîḥennū vaiyadDach vaiyadDichu vattaddiChum vehanniddaChah vehanniddaChim vehiddachTi vehiddachTiv vehidDiach veniddachTa veniddachTem veniddeChah wat·tad·di·ḥūm wattaddiḥūm way·yad·daḥ way·yad·dî·ḥū wayyaddaḥ wayyaddîḥū wə·han·nid·dā·ḥāh wə·han·nid·dā·ḥîm wə·hid·daḥ·tî wə·hid·daḥ·tîw wə·hid·dî·aḥ wə·nid·daḥ·tā wə·nid·daḥ·tem wə·nid·də·ḥāh wəhanniddāḥāh wəhanniddāḥîm wəhiddaḥtî wəhiddaḥtîw wəhiddîaḥ wəniddaḥtā wəniddaḥtem wəniddəḥāh yid·daḥ yidDach yiddaḥLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Deuteronomy 4:19 HEB: צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם NAS: of heaven, and be drawn away and worship KJV: of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship INT: the host of heaven and be drawn and worship and serve Deuteronomy 13:5 Deuteronomy 13:10 Deuteronomy 13:13 Deuteronomy 19:5 Deuteronomy 20:19 Deuteronomy 22:1 Deuteronomy 30:1 Deuteronomy 30:4 Deuteronomy 30:17 2 Samuel 14:13 2 Samuel 14:14 2 Samuel 14:14 2 Samuel 15:14 2 Chronicles 13:9 2 Chronicles 21:11 Nehemiah 1:9 Job 6:13 Psalm 5:10 Psalm 62:4 Proverbs 7:21 Isaiah 8:22 Isaiah 13:14 Isaiah 16:3 Isaiah 16:4 51 Occurrences |
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