Isaiah 51:23
New International Version
I will put it into the hands of your tormentors, who said to you, ‘Fall prostrate that we may walk on you.’ And you made your back like the ground, like a street to be walked on.”

New Living Translation
Instead, I will hand that cup to your tormentors, those who said, ‘We will trample you into the dust and walk on your backs.’”

English Standard Version
and I will put it into the hand of your tormentors, who have said to you, ‘Bow down, that we may pass over’; and you have made your back like the ground and like the street for them to pass over.”

Berean Standard Bible
I will place it in the hands of your tormentors, who told you: ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you,’ so that you made your back like the ground, like a street to be traversed.”

King James Bible
But I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; which have said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy body as the ground, and as the street, to them that went over.

New King James Version
But I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down, that we may walk over you.’ And you have laid your body like the ground, And as the street, for those who walk over.”

New American Standard Bible
“I will put it into the hand of your tormentors, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down so that we may walk over you.’ You have also made your back like the ground, And like the street for those who walk over it.

NASB 1995
“I will put it into the hand of your tormentors, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down that we may walk over you.’ You have even made your back like the ground And like the street for those who walk over it.”

NASB 1977
“And I will put it into the hand of your tormentors, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down that we may walk over you.’ You have even made your back like the ground, And like the street for those who walk over it.”

Legacy Standard Bible
I will set it into the hand of those who cause you grief, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down that we may walk over you.’ You have even set your back down like the ground And like the street for those who walk over it.”

Amplified Bible
“I will put it into the hands of your tormentors, Who have said to you, ‘Lie down so that we may walk over you.’ You have even made your back like the ground And like the street for those who walk over it.”

Christian Standard Bible
I will put it into the hands of your tormentors, who said to you, ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you.’ You made your back like the ground, and like a street for those who walk on it.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I will put it into the hands of your tormentors, who said to you: Lie down, so we can walk over you. You made your back like the ground, and like a street for those who walk on it.”

American Standard Version
and I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee, that have said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may go over; and thou hast laid thy back as the ground, and as the street, to them that go over.

Contemporary English Version
Instead I will give it to your brutal enemies, who treated you like dirt and walked all over you."

English Revised Version
and I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; which have said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy back as the ground, and as the street, to them that go over.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
I will put it in the hands of those who made you suffer. They said to you, "Lie down so that we can walk over you." So you made your back like the ground and like a street for them to cross.

Good News Translation
I will give it to those who oppressed you, to those who made you lie down in the streets and trampled on you as if you were dirt."

International Standard Version
But I will put it into the hands of those who tormented and oppressed you, those who said to you, 'Lie down, so we can step over you,' so that you had to make your back like the ground, and like a street for them to walk over."

Majority Standard Bible
I will place it in the hands of your tormentors, who told you: ?Lie down, so we can walk over you,? so that you made your back like the ground, like a street to be traversed.?

NET Bible
I will put it into the hand of your tormentors who said to you, 'Lie down, so we can walk over you.' You made your back like the ground, and like the street for those who walked over you."

New Heart English Bible
and I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, who have said to your soul, 'Bow down, that we may walk over you;' and you have laid your back as the ground, and as the street, to those who walk over."

Webster's Bible Translation
But I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; who have said to thy soul, Prostrate thyself, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy body as the ground, and as the street, to them that went over.

World English Bible
I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, who have said to your soul, ‘Bow down, that we may walk over you;’ and you have laid your back as the ground, like a street to those who walk over.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And I have put it into the hand of those afflicting you, "" Who have said to your soul, "" Bow down, and we pass over, "" And you make your body as the earth, "" And as the street to those passing by!”

Young's Literal Translation
And I have put it into the hand of those afflicting thee, Who have said to thy soul, Bow down, and we pass over, And thou makest as the earth thy body, And as the street to those passing by!'

Smith's Literal Translation
And I put it in the hand of those afflicting thee; who said to thy soul, Bow down, and we will pass over; thou wilt set thy middle as the earth, and as the street to those passing over.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And I will put it in the hand of them that have oppressed thee, and have said to thy soul: Bow down, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy body as the ground, and as a way to them that went over.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And I will set it in the hand of those who have humiliated you, and who have said to your soul: “Bow down, so that we pass over.” And you placed your body on the ground, as a path for them to pass over.

New American Bible
I will put it into the hands of your tormentors, those who said to you, “Bow down, that we may walk over you.” So you offered your back like the ground, like the street for them to walk on.

New Revised Standard Version
And I will put it into the hand of your tormentors, who have said to you, “Bow down, that we may walk on you”; and you have made your back like the ground and like the street for them to walk on.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, who have said to your soul, Bow down that we may go over you; and you have made your people like the ground and like the street to them that passed by.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And I shall place it in the hand of your afflicters, for they said to your soul, ‘Lie down and we shall go through’, and you have made your people as the ground and like streets for those who pass through”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; That have said to thy soul: 'Bow down, that we may go over'; And thou hast laid thy back as the ground, And as the street, to them that go over.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And I will give it into the hands of them that injured thee, and them that afflicted thee; who said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may pass over: and thou didst level thy body with the ground to them passing by without.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Cup of Wrath
22Thus says your Lord, the LORD, even your God, who defends His people: “See, I have removed from your hand the cup of staggering. From that goblet, the cup of My fury, you will never drink again. 23I will place it in the hands of your tormentors, who told you: ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you,’ so that you made your back like the ground, like a street to be traversed.”

Cross References
Isaiah 49:25-26
Indeed, this is what the LORD says: “Even the captives of the mighty will be taken away, and the plunder of the tyrant will be retrieved; I will contend with those who contend with you, and I will save your children. / I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh; they will be drunk on their own blood, as with wine. Then all mankind will know that I, the LORD, am your Savior and your Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob.”

Jeremiah 25:15-17
This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, said to me: “Take from My hand this cup of the wine of wrath, and make all the nations to whom I send you drink from it. / And they will drink and stagger and go out of their minds, because of the sword that I will send among them.” / So I took the cup from the LORD’s hand and made all the nations drink from it, each one to whom the LORD had sent me,

Lamentations 4:21-22
So rejoice and be glad, O Daughter of Edom, you who dwell in the land of Uz. Yet the cup will pass to you as well; you will get drunk and expose yourself. / O Daughter of Zion, your punishment is complete; He will not prolong your exile. But He will punish your iniquity, O Daughter of Edom; He will expose your sins.

Psalm 75:8
For a cup is in the hand of the LORD, full of foaming wine mixed with spices. He pours from His cup, and all the wicked of the earth drink it down to the dregs.

Jeremiah 51:6-7
Flee from Babylon! Escape with your lives! Do not be destroyed in her punishment. For this is the time of the LORD’s vengeance; He will pay her what she deserves. / Babylon was a gold cup in the hand of the LORD, making the whole earth drunk. The nations drank her wine; therefore the nations have gone mad.

Revelation 18:6
Give back to her as she has done to others; pay her back double for what she has done; mix her a double portion in her own cup.

Revelation 16:19
The great city was split into three parts, and the cities of the nations collapsed. And God remembered Babylon the great and gave her the cup of the wine of the fury of His wrath.

Zechariah 12:2
“Behold, I will make Jerusalem a cup of drunkenness to all the surrounding peoples. Judah will be besieged, as well as Jerusalem.

Habakkuk 2:16
You will be filled with shame instead of glory. You too must drink and expose your uncircumcision! The cup in the LORD’s right hand will come around to you, and utter disgrace will cover your glory.

Jeremiah 30:16
Nevertheless, all who devour you will be devoured, and all your adversaries—every one of them—will go off into exile. Those who plundered you will be plundered, and all who raided you will be raided.

Obadiah 1:16
For as you drank on My holy mountain, so all the nations will drink continually. They will drink and gulp it down; they will be as if they had never existed.

Revelation 14:10
he too will drink the wine of God’s anger, poured undiluted into the cup of His wrath. And he will be tormented in fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and of the Lamb.

Revelation 17:4
The woman was dressed in purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls. She held in her hand a golden cup full of abominations and the impurities of her sexual immorality.

Psalm 60:3
You have shown Your people hardship; we are staggered from the wine You made us drink.

Ezekiel 23:31-34
Because you have followed the path of your sister, I will put her cup into your hand.’ / This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘You will drink your sister’s cup, a cup deep and wide. It will bring scorn and derision, for it holds so much. / You will be filled with drunkenness and grief, with a cup of devastation and desolation, the cup of your sister Samaria. ...


Treasury of Scripture

But I will put it into the hand of them that afflict you; which have said to your soul, Bow down, that we may go over: and you have laid your body as the ground, and as the street, to them that went over.

I will

Isaiah 49:25,26
But thus saith the LORD, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away, and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered: for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children…

Proverbs 11:8
The righteous is delivered out of trouble, and the wicked cometh in his stead.

Proverbs 21:18
The wicked shall be a ransom for the righteous, and the transgressor for the upright.

bow

Joshua 10:24
And it came to pass, when they brought out those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the captains of the men of war which went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.

Psalm 65:11,12
Thou crownest the year with thy goodness; and thy paths drop fatness…

Revelation 11:2
But the court which is without the temple leave out, and measure it not; for it is given unto the Gentiles: and the holy city shall they tread under foot forty and two months.

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Afflict Backs Body Bow Cruel Earth Face Fall Ground Hand Hands Hard Laid Masters Prostrate Soul Street Thyself Tormentors Walk Went Yoke
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Afflict Backs Body Bow Cruel Earth Face Fall Ground Hand Hands Hard Laid Masters Prostrate Soul Street Thyself Tormentors Walk Went Yoke
Isaiah 51
1. An exhortation after the pattern of Abraham, to trust in Christ
3. By reason of his comfortable promises,
4. Of his righteous salvation
7. And man's mortality
9. Christ by his sanctified arm defends his from the fear of man
17. He bewails the afflictions of Jerusalem
21. And promises deliverance














I will put it into the hands
This phrase signifies a divine reversal of fortunes. The "it" refers to the cup of wrath mentioned earlier in the chapter. In Hebrew, the word for "put" is "נָתַן" (natan), which means to give or deliver. This action is a demonstration of God's justice and sovereignty, as He takes the cup of suffering from His people and gives it to their oppressors. It reflects the biblical principle that God will ultimately vindicate His people and judge their enemies.

of your tormentors
The term "tormentors" refers to those who have oppressed and afflicted God's people. In the historical context, this likely refers to the Babylonians who had conquered and exiled the Israelites. The Hebrew word "מְעַנַּיִךְ" (me'anneik) conveys a sense of causing pain or distress. This highlights the severity of the oppression faced by the Israelites and underscores the justice of God's retribution.

who said to you, ‘Lie down so we can walk over you,’
This vivid imagery portrays the humiliation and subjugation experienced by the Israelites. The oppressors demanded total submission, treating the Israelites as if they were nothing more than a path to be trodden upon. The phrase captures the depth of degradation and the loss of dignity suffered by God's people. It serves as a reminder of the cruelty of human pride and the extent to which sin can dehumanize others.

and you made your back like the ground
Here, the Israelites are depicted as having been so oppressed that they became like the ground itself. The Hebrew word for "ground" is "אֶרֶץ" (eretz), which can also mean land or earth. This metaphor emphasizes the complete abasement and vulnerability of the people. It also reflects their willingness to endure suffering, perhaps as a form of passive resistance or as a result of their inability to resist their oppressors.

and like a street to be traversed
The imagery of a street suggests a public thoroughfare, something that is used and abused by many. The Hebrew word "חוּץ" (chutz) means outside or street, indicating exposure and lack of protection. This phrase underscores the public nature of their humiliation and the extent to which they were exploited. It also serves as a powerful contrast to the promise of restoration and honor that God offers to His people.

(23) Thou hast laid thy body . . .--The image is startlingly bold; but our word "prostration," as applied to the condition of a people, embodies precisely the same thought. (Comp. Psalm 129:3.) The previous words paint the last humiliation of Eastern conquest (Joshua 10:24).

Verse 23. - I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee. Babylon, the oppressor of Judah, shall in her turn be made to drink of the cup of which Judah had so long drunk, and shall suffer nearly the same woes which she had inflicted. Meanwhile, Judah should cease to drink of the cup, and have "a time of refreshing." Bow down, that we may go over; i.e. "submit yourselves to the uttermost, that we may put upon you the most extreme indignity." The metaphor is drawn from the actual practise of conquerors, who made captive kings prostrate themselves, and placed their feet upon their necks, or otherwise trampled upon them (see Joshua 10:24; and comp. 'Ancient hierarchies,' vol. 3:p. 7).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
I will place it
וְשַׂמְתִּ֙יהָ֙ (wə·śam·tî·hā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 7760: Put -- to put, place, set

in the hands
בְּיַד־ (bə·yaḏ-)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 3027: A hand

of your tormentors,
מוֹגַ֔יִךְ (mō·w·ḡa·yiḵ)
Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 3013: To grieve

who
אֲשֶׁר־ (’ă·šer-)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

told
אָמְר֥וּ (’ā·mə·rū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 559: To utter, say

you:
לְנַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ (lə·nap̄·šêḵ)
Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 5315: A soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, passion, appetite, emotion

‘Lie down,
שְׁחִ֣י (šə·ḥî)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 7812: To depress, prostrate

so we can walk over you.’
וְנַעֲבֹ֑רָה (wə·na·‘ă·ḇō·rāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on

And you made
וַתָּשִׂ֤ימִי (wat·tā·śî·mî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person feminine singular
Strong's 7760: Put -- to put, place, set

your back
גֵּוֵ֔ךְ (gê·wêḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 1460: The back, the middle

like the ground,
כָאָ֙רֶץ֙ (ḵā·’ā·reṣ)
Preposition-k, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

and like a street
וְכַח֖וּץ (wə·ḵa·ḥūṣ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2351: Separate by a, wall, outside, outdoors

to be traversed.
לַעֹבְרִֽים׃ (la·‘ō·ḇə·rîm)
Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on


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OT Prophets: Isaiah 51:23 And I will put it into (Isa Isi Is)
Isaiah 51:22
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