will inherit
The concept of inheritance in the Hebrew Bible often implies receiving something of great value, typically passed down from one generation to the next. The Hebrew word "נָחַל" (nachal) suggests a possession or legacy that is not earned but given. In a spiritual sense, this inheritance is not merely material but encompasses honor, favor, and blessings from God. The idea of inheritance also connects to the covenantal promises God made to His people, where obedience and wisdom lead to receiving God's blessings.

honor
"Honor" in this verse is translated from the Hebrew word "כָּבוֹד" (kavod), which signifies glory, respect, and dignity. In the biblical context, honor is often associated with a good reputation and the esteem of others, but more importantly, it reflects the honor that comes from God. The wise, by living righteously and in accordance with divine principles, are promised this honor. It is a reward for their faithfulness and a reflection of their standing before God and man. In ancient Israelite society, honor was a crucial social value, often determining one's status and influence within the community.

but fools
The term "fools" is translated from the Hebrew word "כְּסִיל" (kesil), which refers to those who are morally deficient and reject wisdom. In the book of Proverbs, fools are characterized by their lack of discernment, their refusal to heed instruction, and their tendency to make poor choices. The fool's life is marked by a disregard for God's ways, leading to negative consequences. The contrast between the wise and the foolish is a recurring theme in Proverbs, emphasizing the importance of choosing the path of wisdom.

are held up to shame
The phrase "are held up to shame" comes from the Hebrew "רוּם" (rum) for "held up" and "קָלוֹן" (qalon) for "shame." This suggests that fools will be publicly exposed and disgraced. In the biblical context, shame is the opposite of honor and is often the result of sinful or foolish behavior. It implies a loss of respect and standing within the community. The public nature of this shame serves as a warning to others about the consequences of folly. In ancient cultures, where community and reputation were vital, being held up to shame was a severe penalty, underscoring the importance of living wisely and righteously.

(1) The Vulgate renders, stultorum exaltatio ignominia; i.e. as in the Authorized Version, "shame exalts fools." They "glory in their shame" (Philippians 2:19); or shame renders them conspicuous as warning examples (Ewald); or, as Dathe explains it, "Stulti infamia sunt famosi," "Fools become famous by infamy;" or as Rabbi Levi, "Shame exalts them as into the air, and makes them vanish away."

(2) The LXX. renders, Αἱ ἀσεβεῖς ὕψωσαν ἀτιμίαν, i.e. "Fools exalt shame, prize what others despise" (Plumptre).

(3) Umbreit, Bertheau, Zockler, render, "Shame sweeps fools away," i.e. lifts them up in order to sweep away and destroy them (cf. Isaiah 57:14). . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...