Proverbs 30:23
New International Version
a contemptible woman who gets married, and a servant who displaces her mistress.

New Living Translation
a bitter woman who finally gets a husband, a servant girl who supplants her mistress.

English Standard Version
an unloved woman when she gets a husband, and a maidservant when she displaces her mistress.

Berean Standard Bible
an unloved woman who marries, and a maidservant who supplants her mistress.

King James Bible
For an odious woman when she is married; and an handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

New King James Version
A hateful woman when she is married, And a maidservant who succeeds her mistress.

New American Standard Bible
Under an unloved woman when she gets a husband, And a female servant when she dispossesses her mistress.

NASB 1995
Under an unloved woman when she gets a husband, And a maidservant when she supplants her mistress.

NASB 1977
Under an unloved woman when she gets a husband, And a maidservant when she supplants her mistress.

Legacy Standard Bible
Under an unloved woman when she gets a husband, And a servant-girl when she supplants her mistress.

Amplified Bible
Under an unloved woman when she gets married, And under a maidservant when she supplants her mistress.

Christian Standard Bible
an unloved woman when she marries, and a servant girl when she ousts her queen.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
an unloved woman when she marries, and a servant girl when she ousts her queen.

American Standard Version
For an odious woman when she is married; And a handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

Contemporary English Version
a hateful woman who finds a husband, and a slave who takes the place of the woman who owns her.

English Revised Version
For an odious woman when she is married; and an handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
a woman who is unloved when she gets married, a maid when she replaces her mistress.

Good News Translation
a hateful woman who gets married, and a servant woman who takes the place of her mistress.

International Standard Version
an unloved woman when she finds a husband, and a servant girl who inherits from her mistress.

Majority Standard Bible
an unloved woman who marries, and a maidservant who supplants her mistress.

NET Bible
under an unloved woman who is married, and under a female servant who dispossesses her mistress.

New Heart English Bible
for an unloved woman when she is married; and a handmaid who is heir to her mistress.

Webster's Bible Translation
For an odious woman when she is married; and a handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

World English Bible
for an unloved woman when she is married, and a servant who is heir to her mistress.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
For a hated one when she rules, "" And a maidservant when she succeeds her mistress.

Young's Literal Translation
For a hated one when she ruleth, And a maid-servant when she succeedeth her mistress.

Smith's Literal Translation
For a hated woman when she shall be married and a maid when she shall inherit to her mistress.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
By an odious woman when she is married: and by a bondwoman when she is heir to her mistress.

Catholic Public Domain Version
by a hateful woman when she has been taken in matrimony, and by a handmaid when she has been heir to her mistress.

New American Bible
Under an unloved woman who is wed, and a maidservant who displaces her mistress.

New Revised Standard Version
an unloved woman when she gets a husband, and a maid when she succeeds her mistress.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Under an odious woman when she is married; and under a maidservant who ousts her mistress.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And under a hateful woman that is married to a man, and under a Maidservant that dismisses her mistress.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
For an odious woman when she is married; And a handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
or if a maid-servant should cast out her own mistress; and if a hateful woman should marry a good man.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Words of Agur
22a servant who becomes king, a fool who is filled with food, 23 an unloved woman who marries, and a maidservant who supplants her mistress. 24Four things on earth are small, yet they are exceedingly wise:…

Cross References
Genesis 16:4
And he slept with Hagar, and she conceived. But when Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress.

1 Samuel 1:6-7
Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival would provoke her viciously to taunt her. / And this went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the LORD, her rival taunted her until she wept and would not eat.

1 Kings 21:25
(Surely there was never one like Ahab, who sold himself to do evil in the sight of the LORD, incited by his wife Jezebel.

Esther 1:12
Queen Vashti, however, refused to come at the king’s command brought by his eunuchs. And the king became furious, and his anger burned within him.

Esther 3:5-6
When Haman saw that Mordecai would not bow down or pay him homage, he was filled with rage. / And when he learned the identity of Mordecai’s people, he scorned the notion of laying hands on Mordecai alone. Instead, he sought to destroy all of Mordecai’s people, the Jews, throughout the kingdom of Xerxes.

2 Samuel 6:16
As the ark of the LORD was entering the City of David, Saul’s daughter Michal looked down from a window and saw King David leaping and dancing before the LORD, and she despised him in her heart.

1 Kings 11:3-4
He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away. / For when Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart after other gods, and he was not wholeheartedly devoted to the LORD his God, as his father David had been.

Genesis 21:10
and she said to Abraham, “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!”

Genesis 29:31
When the LORD saw that Leah was unloved, He opened her womb; but Rachel was barren.

Genesis 30:1
When Rachel saw that she was not bearing any children for Jacob, she envied her sister. “Give me children, or I will die!” she said to Jacob.

1 Samuel 18:8-9
And Saul was furious and resented this song. “They have ascribed tens of thousands to David,” he said, “but only thousands to me. What more can he have but the kingdom?” / And from that day forward Saul kept a jealous eye on David.

2 Kings 9:30-33
Now when Jehu arrived in Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it. So she painted her eyes, adorned her head, and looked down from a window. / And as Jehu entered the gate, she asked, “Have you come in peace, O Zimri, murderer of your master?” / He looked up at the window and called out, “Who is on my side? Who?” And two or three eunuchs looked down at him. ...

1 Kings 18:17-18
When Ahab saw Elijah, he said to him, “Is that you, O troubler of Israel?” / “I have not troubled Israel,” Elijah replied, “but you and your father’s house have, for you have forsaken the commandments of the LORD and have followed the Baals.

Matthew 14:3-4
Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, / because John had been telling him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.”

Mark 6:18-19
For John had been telling Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife!” / So Herodias held a grudge against John and wanted to kill him. But she had been unable,


Treasury of Scripture

For an odious woman when she is married; and an handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

an odious

Proverbs 19:13
A foolish son is the calamity of his father: and the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping.

Proverbs 21:9,19
It is better to dwell in a corner of the housetop, than with a brawling woman in a wide house…

Proverbs 27:15
A continual dropping in a very rainy day and a contentious woman are alike.

an handmaid

Proverbs 29:21
He that delicately bringeth up his servant from a child shall have him become his son at the length.

Jump to Previous
Gets Handmaid Hated Heir Husband Maid Maidservant Maid-Servant Married Master's Mistress Odious Ruleth Servant-Girl Succeeds Unloved Wife
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Gets Handmaid Hated Heir Husband Maid Maidservant Maid-Servant Married Master's Mistress Odious Ruleth Servant-Girl Succeeds Unloved Wife
Proverbs 30
1. Agur's confession of his faith
7. The two points of his prayer
10. The meanest are not to be wronged
11. Four wicked generations
15. Four things insatiable
24. four things exceeding wise
29. Four things stately
32. Wrath is to be prevented














an unloved woman
The Hebrew term for "unloved" here is "שְׂנוּאָה" (senuah), which conveys a sense of being hated or rejected. In the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, marriage was often arranged, and love was not always the primary factor. An "unloved woman" might refer to a wife who is not favored by her husband, possibly due to a lack of affection or preference for another. This situation could lead to discord and instability within the household, as love and respect are foundational to a harmonious marriage. The Bible often emphasizes the importance of love and kindness in relationships, as seen in Ephesians 5:25, where husbands are instructed to love their wives as Christ loves the church.

who marries
The act of marriage in ancient times was a significant covenant, often involving complex social and familial negotiations. The Hebrew word "בְּעוּלָה" (be'ulah) indicates a woman who is married. In the context of this verse, the marriage of an unloved woman might be seen as a disruption to the expected social order, potentially leading to tension and strife. The Bible upholds marriage as a sacred institution, as seen in Genesis 2:24, where a man is to leave his parents and unite with his wife, becoming one flesh. The marriage of an unloved woman challenges the ideal of mutual love and respect within this union.

and a maidservant
The term "שִׁפְחָה" (shiphchah) refers to a female servant or maidservant. In the ancient Near Eastern context, maidservants were often part of a household's extended family structure, serving the needs of their masters. The relationship between a maidservant and her mistress was typically one of subservience and duty. However, the Bible also provides examples of maidservants who played significant roles in God's plan, such as Hagar in Genesis 16. The mention of a maidservant in this verse highlights the potential for social upheaval when traditional roles are reversed.

who supplants her mistress
The Hebrew word "יָרַשׁ" (yarash) means to take possession or to inherit, often implying a forceful or unexpected takeover. In this context, a maidservant supplanting her mistress suggests a reversal of roles that could lead to chaos and conflict within the household. This scenario might occur if the maidservant gains favor or power, disrupting the established order. The Bible frequently warns against pride and the desire for power, as seen in Proverbs 16:18, which states that pride precedes destruction. The supplanting of a mistress by her maidservant serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of ambition and the importance of maintaining humility and respect for established roles.

(23) For an odious woman when she is married.--She pays off, with interest, the slights which she had formerly to endure from her married friends.

An handmaid that is heir to her mistress, and who is nervously anxious to preserve her newly-acquired dignity.

Verse 23. - For an odious woman when she is married; or, under an unloved woman when she is married. The sentence does not refer to an unbeloved wife, a Leah, becoming the favourite, a Rachel; the expression, "when she is married," can hardly have this sense; but the gnome speaks of a woman who has passed much of her life without love, having nothing about her attractive either in looks, attainments, or manner, and is consequently soured and ill-tempered. If such a one does at last win a husband, she uses her new position to vex those who formerly depreciated her, and to make them as miserable as she cam And a handmaid that is heir to her mistress. The maidservant that obtains her mistress's property, either by supplanting her or by right of inheritance, is supposed to make a bad use of it, to become conceited, arrogant, and odious to all around her. The LXX. transposes the last two members of the comparison, placing the unloved woman in the fourth place as the most intolerable of all: "And if a maidservant should cast out (ἐκβάλη, Genesis 21:10) her own mistress, and a hateful woman should obtain a good husband."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
an unloved woman
שְׂ֭נוּאָה (nū·’āh)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular
Strong's 8130: To hate

who
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

marries,
תִבָּעֵ֑ל (ṯib·bā·‘êl)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1166: To be master, to marry

and a maidservant
וְ֝שִׁפְחָ֗ה (wə·šip̄·ḥāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8198: Maid, maidservant

who
כִּֽי־ (kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

supplants
תִירַ֥שׁ (ṯî·raš)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3423: To occupy, to seize, to rob, to inherit, to expel, to impoverish, to ruin

her mistress.
גְּבִרְתָּֽהּ׃ (gə·ḇir·tāh)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 1404: Lady, queen, mistress


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 30:23 For an unloved woman when she (Prov. Pro Pr)
Proverbs 30:22
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