Copper and its alloy, brass, have been utilized throughout history for various purposes, including the crafting of musical instruments. In biblical times, these metals were highly valued for their durability and acoustic properties, making them suitable for instruments used in worship and ceremonial contexts.

Biblical References and Context

The use of copper and brass in the construction of musical instruments is implied in several passages of the Bible, where these metals are mentioned in the context of temple worship and royal ceremonies. While the specific mention of "brass instruments" as we understand them today is not found in the biblical text, the materials themselves were integral to the culture and technology of the time.

In 1 Chronicles 15:16, King David instructs the leaders of the Levites to appoint their brothers as singers with musical instruments, including "harps, lyres, and cymbals, to raise sounds of joy." Although the text does not specify the materials used, it is reasonable to infer that metals like copper and brass were employed, given their availability and acoustic properties.

Historical and Cultural Significance

Copper and brass were known in the ancient Near East and were used extensively in various applications, including the creation of musical instruments. The process of alloying copper with tin to create bronze (often referred to as brass in older translations) was well-established by the time of the biblical narratives. This alloy was prized for its strength and resonance, making it ideal for instruments that required durability and a bright, clear sound.

The use of metal in musical instruments is further supported by archaeological findings from the region, which include cymbals and other percussion instruments made from copper-based alloys. These instruments would have played a significant role in the musical traditions of Israel, particularly in the context of temple worship, where music was an essential component of religious expression.

Symbolism and Worship

In the biblical tradition, music holds a significant place in worship and celebration. Instruments made from copper and brass would have contributed to the rich tapestry of sound that accompanied the singing of psalms and hymns. The use of these metals in instruments can also be seen as symbolic of strength and endurance, qualities that are often associated with the divine attributes of God.

The Psalms frequently mention the use of musical instruments in worship. For example, Psalm 150:3-5 exhorts, "Praise Him with the sound of the trumpet; praise Him with the harp and lyre. Praise Him with tambourine and dancing; praise Him with the strings and flute. Praise Him with resounding cymbals; praise Him with clashing cymbals." While the specific materials are not detailed, the inclusion of cymbals suggests the use of metal, likely copper or brass, to produce the desired sound.

Conclusion

The use of copper and brass in the making of musical instruments in biblical times reflects the importance of these metals in the cultural and religious life of ancient Israel. Their durability and acoustic properties made them ideal for instruments used in worship, contributing to the vibrant musical heritage that is celebrated throughout the Scriptures.1 Chronicles 15:19
So the singers, Heman, Asaph, and Ethan, were appointed to sound with cymbals of brass;
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Hiram, the Inspired Artificer
... had to supply the cedar wood, iron, copper, brass, tin, gold ... in gold, and in silver,
and in brass, and in ... All things were made from forms and types which were ...
/.../milligan/men of the bible some lesser-known/hiram the inspired artificer.htm

The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus
... should be transposed, to bring the verse into harmony with ... whom were added a body
of charioteers made up of ... scale mail and the helmet of brass; their weapons ...
/.../chapter iiithe hebrews and the.htm

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