Copper and its alloy, brass, are significant materials mentioned in the Bible, often symbolizing strength, durability, and beauty. Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, is particularly noted for its yellowish hue, which has been appreciated since ancient times for its aesthetic and functional qualities.

Biblical References and Symbolism

In the Bible, copper and brass are frequently mentioned in the context of construction and craftsmanship. The use of these metals is particularly prominent in the descriptions of the Tabernacle and the Temple, where they were employed for both practical and ornamental purposes.

1. Tabernacle and Temple Furnishings: In Exodus, the construction of the Tabernacle involved extensive use of copper. The altar of burnt offering, the laver, and various utensils were made of copper (Exodus 27:1-3). The choice of copper for these sacred objects underscores its symbolic association with purification and judgment.

2. Solomon's Temple: The grandeur of Solomon's Temple is highlighted by the use of brass. The two pillars, Jachin and Boaz, the molten sea, and other temple furnishings were crafted from this metal (1 Kings 7:13-22). The yellow color of brass, shining brightly in the sunlight, would have added to the temple's splendor, symbolizing divine glory and strength.

3. Prophetic Imagery: In prophetic literature, brass is used metaphorically to convey strength and resilience. In Daniel's vision, the statue's belly and thighs of bronze (brass) represent a kingdom characterized by strength and endurance (Daniel 2:32). This imagery reflects the enduring nature of God's purposes and the strength He imparts to His people.

Craftsmanship and Trade

The skill of working with copper and brass was highly valued in biblical times. Artisans like Hiram of Tyre, who was commissioned by Solomon, were renowned for their expertise in metalwork (1 Kings 7:14). The ability to craft intricate designs from these metals was considered a divine gift, reflecting the creativity and wisdom bestowed by God.

The trade of copper and brass was also significant in the ancient Near East. These metals were sourced from regions such as Cyprus and the Arabah, contributing to the wealth and economic stability of Israel and its neighbors. The exchange of copper and brass items facilitated cultural and technological exchanges, influencing the development of societies.

Spiritual Lessons

The use of copper and brass in the Bible carries spiritual lessons for believers. The durability and resilience of these metals serve as reminders of the steadfastness required in the Christian faith. Just as brass withstands the test of time, believers are called to endure trials and remain faithful to God's commandments.

Moreover, the yellow color of brass, symbolizing purity and holiness, encourages believers to pursue a life of righteousness. The brilliance of brass reflects the light of God's truth, guiding His people in their spiritual journey.

In summary, copper and brass, with their distinctive yellow color, hold a place of prominence in biblical history and symbolism. Their use in sacred contexts and their metaphorical significance offer rich insights into the character of God and the life of faith.Ezra 8:27
Also twenty basins of gold, of a thousand drams; and two vessels of fine copper, precious as gold.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

The Eighteenth Theban Dynasty
... features are not so marked, and are characterised by greater ... on each leg eighteen
rings of solid brass as thick ... the finger, and three rings of copper above the ...
/.../chapter iiithe eighteenth theban dynasty.htm

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