In biblical symbolism, metals often carry significant meanings, and copper (or brass) is no exception. While copper itself is a valuable and useful metal, its biblical representation can sometimes take on a more negative connotation, particularly when associated with obstinacy and sin.

Symbolism of Copper/Brass

Copper, known for its durability and resistance to corrosion, is frequently mentioned in the Bible. It is often used in the construction of sacred objects, such as the bronze altar and the bronze laver in the Tabernacle (Exodus 27:1-8, 30:18). These items symbolize purification and judgment, reflecting the metal's enduring nature.

However, when copper or brass is used metaphorically, it can represent stubbornness and a hardened heart. This symbolism is particularly evident in the prophetic literature, where the obstinacy of the people is likened to the unyielding nature of brass.

Obstinate Sinners

The concept of obstinate sinners is vividly illustrated in the prophetic books, where the people of Israel are often chastised for their stubbornness and refusal to repent. In Isaiah 48:4, the prophet declares, "For I knew that you are stubborn; your neck is iron and your forehead is bronze." Here, the use of "bronze" (or brass) signifies a hardened, unrepentant attitude, resistant to God's call for repentance and change.

Similarly, in Jeremiah 6:28, the prophet describes the rebellious people as "bronze and iron; all of them are corrupt." This imagery underscores the idea of a people who are not only resistant to divine instruction but are also morally degraded, akin to metals that are impure and intractable.

Divine Judgment and Refinement

The obstinacy of sinners, symbolized by brass, often leads to divine judgment. In Ezekiel 22:18-22, God compares the house of Israel to dross, the impurities removed during the refining of metals. The passage states, "Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to Me; all of them are copper, tin, iron, and lead inside the furnace; they are the dross of silver." This metaphor highlights the need for purification through judgment, as God promises to gather the people into the furnace of His wrath to refine them.

The refining process, though severe, is ultimately redemptive. It serves to remove the impurities of sin and obstinacy, allowing for the possibility of restoration and renewal. This theme is echoed in Malachi 3:2-3, where the coming of the Lord is likened to a refiner's fire, purifying the sons of Levi so that they may offer righteous sacrifices.

Lessons for Believers

The biblical portrayal of copper or brass as a symbol of obstinate sinners serves as a cautionary tale for believers. It warns against the dangers of a hardened heart and the refusal to heed God's call to repentance. The imagery of refining and purification reminds believers of the necessity of spiritual growth and the transformative power of divine discipline.

In the New Testament, the call to avoid obstinacy is reiterated. Hebrews 3:15 exhorts, "Today, if you hear His voice, do not harden your hearts as you did in the rebellion." This passage encourages believers to remain receptive to God's voice, avoiding the pitfalls of stubbornness that characterized the Israelites in the wilderness.

In summary, while copper and brass are valuable and enduring metals, their biblical symbolism as representations of obstinate sinners serves as a powerful reminder of the need for repentance, refinement, and spiritual renewal.Isaiah 48:4
Because I knew that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew, and your brow brass;
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Jeremiah 6:28
They are all grievous rebels, walking with slanders: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupters.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

What was the significance of the bronze laver? | GotQuestions.org

What was Nehushtan? | GotQuestions.org

What was the brazen altar? | GotQuestions.org

Brass: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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