Strong's Lexicon heautou: himself, herself, itself, themselves Original Word: ἑαυτοῦ Word Origin: Derived from the Greek word αὐτός (autos), meaning "self" or "same." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for the Greek reflexive pronoun ἑαυτοῦ, similar concepts can be found in Hebrew reflexive constructions, such as the use of the Niphal or Hithpael verb stems, which often convey reflexive or passive actions. Usage: The Greek reflexive pronoun ἑαυτοῦ (heautou) is used to indicate that the subject of the verb is also the object, emphasizing the action being performed on oneself. It is often translated as "himself," "herself," "itself," or "themselves" in English. This pronoun is used to express actions that are reflexive in nature, where the subject and object are the same entity. Cultural and Historical Background: In the context of Koine Greek, which was the common language of the Eastern Mediterranean from the time of Alexander the Great until the Byzantine Empire, reflexive pronouns like ἑαυτοῦ were essential for clarity in communication. They helped to specify the subject's involvement in the action, which was particularly important in a language that relied heavily on context and inflection. In the New Testament, this pronoun is used to convey personal responsibility, self-reflection, and the internalization of actions and thoughts. HELPS Word-studies 1438 heautoú (reflexive pronoun of the 3rd person) – 1438 /heautoú ("himself, herself, itself," etc.) is the 3rd person reflexive (singular, plural) form which also functions as the reflexive for 1st and 2nd person (A-S). NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom a prim. pronoun he (him, her) and gen. (dat. or acc.) of autos Definition of himself, herself, itself NASB Translation aside* (1), conscious* (1), each other (2), herself (4), himself (91), itself (12), mind (1), none* (1), one another (13), oneself (1), ourselves (19), own (48), own estimation (2), own initiative (3), own persons (1), own...himself (1), senses (1), themselves (44), venture* (1), within* (1), yourselves (32). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1438: ἑαυτοῦἑαυτοῦ, ἑαυτῆς, ἑαυτοῦ, etc. or (contracted) αὑτοῦ, αὑτῆς, αὑτοῦ (see p. 87); plural ἑαυτῶν; dative ἑαυτοῖς, ἑαυταῖς, ἑαυτοῖς, etc.; reflexive pronoun of the 3rd person. It is used: 1. of the 3rd person singular and plural, to denote that the agent and the person acted on are the same; as, σῴζειν ἑαυτόν, Matthew 27:42; Mark 15:31; Luke 23:35; ὑψοῦν ἑαυτόν, Matthew 23:12, etc. ἑαυτῷ, ἑαυτόν are also often added to middle verbs: διεμερίσαντο ἑαυτοῖς, John 19:24 (Xenophon, mem. 1, 6, 13 ποιεῖσθαι ἑαυτῷ φίλον); cf. Winers Grammar, § 38, 6; (Buttmann, § 135., 6). Of the phrases into which this pronoun enters we notice the following: ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ, see ἀπό, II. 2 d. aa.; δἰ ἑαυτοῦ, of itself, i. e. in its own nature, Romans 14:14 (Tr L text read αὐτοῦ); ἐν ἑαυτῷ, see in διαλογίζεσθαι, λέγειν, εἰπεῖν. Αἰς ἑαυτόν ἔρχεσθαι, to come to oneself, to a better mind, Luke 15:17 (Diodorus 13, 95). Καθ' ἑαυτόν, by oneself, alone: Acts 28:16; James 2:17. Παῥ ἑαυτῷ, by him, i. e. at his home, 1 Corinthians 16:2 (Xenophon, mem. 3, 13, 3). Πρός ἑαυτόν, to himself i. e. to his home, Luke 24:12 (R G; T omits, WH (but with αὑτόν) reject, L Tr (but the latter with αὐτόν) brackets, the verse); John 20:10 (T Tr αὐτόν (see αὑτοῦ)); with (cf. our to) himself, i. e. in his own mind, προσεύχεσθαι, Luke 18:11 (Tdf. omits) (2 Macc. 11:13); in the genitive, joined with a noun, it has the force of a possessive pronoun, as τούς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς: Matthew 8:22; Luke 9:60. 2. It serves as reflexive also to the 1st and 2nd person, as often in classic Greek, when no ambiguity is thereby occasioned; thus, ἐν ἑαυτοῖς equivalent to ἐν ἡμῖν αὐτοῖς, Romans 8:23; ἑαυτούς equivalent to ἡμᾶς αὐτούς, 1 Corinthians 11:31; ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ equivalent to ἀπό σεαυτοῦ (read by L Tr WH), John 18:34; ἑαυτόν equivalent to σεαυτόν (read by L T Tr WH), Romans 13:9; ἑαυτοῖς for ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς, Matthew 23:31, etc.; cf. Matthiae, § 489 II.; Winers Grammar, § 22, 5; (Buttmann, § 127, 15). 3. It is used frequently in the plural for the reciprocal pronoun ἀλλήλων, ἀλλήλοις, ἀλλήλους, reciprocally, mutually, one another: Matthew 16:7; Matthew 21:38; Mark 10:26 (Tr marginal reading WH αὐτόν); From a reflexive pronoun otherwise obsolete and the genitive case (dative case or accusative case) of autos; him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other persons) my-, thy-, our-, your-) self (selves), etc. -- alone, her (own, -self), (he) himself, his (own), itself, one (to) another, our (thine) own(-selves), + that she had, their (own, own selves), (of) them(-selves), they, thyself, you, your (own, own conceits, own selves, -selves). see GREEK autos Englishman's Concordance Matthew 3:9 RefPro-DM3PGRK: λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς Πατέρα ἔχομεν NAS: that you can say to yourselves, We have KJV: within yourselves, We have INT: to say within yourselves [For] father we have Matthew 6:34 RefPro-GF3S Matthew 8:22 RefPro-GM3P Matthew 9:3 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 9:21 RefPro-DF3S Matthew 12:25 RefPro-GF3S Matthew 12:25 RefPro-GF3S Matthew 12:26 RefPro-AM3S Matthew 12:45 RefPro-GM3S Matthew 12:45 RefPro-GM3S Matthew 13:21 RefPro-DM3S Matthew 14:15 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 15:30 RefPro-GM3P Matthew 16:7 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 16:8 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 16:24 RefPro-AM3S Matthew 18:4 RefPro-AM3S Matthew 18:31 RefPro-GM3P Matthew 19:12 RefPro-AM3P Matthew 21:8 RefPro-GM3P Matthew 21:25 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 21:38 RefPro-DM3P Matthew 23:12 RefPro-AM3S Matthew 23:12 RefPro-AM3S Matthew 23:31 RefPro-DM3P Strong's Greek 1438 |
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