1 Samuel 11:2
New International Version
But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you only on the condition that I gouge out the right eye of every one of you and so bring disgrace on all Israel.”

New Living Translation
“All right,” Nahash said, “but only on one condition. I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you as a disgrace to all Israel!”

English Standard Version
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “On this condition I will make a treaty with you, that I gouge out all your right eyes, and thus bring disgrace on all Israel.”

Berean Standard Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you on one condition, that I may put out everyone’s right eye and bring reproach upon all Israel.”

King James Bible
And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.

New King James Version
And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, “On this condition I will make a covenant with you, that I may put out all your right eyes, and bring reproach on all Israel.”

New American Standard Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “I will make it with you on this condition, that I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you, and thereby I will inflict a disgrace on all Israel.”

NASB 1995
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “I will make it with you on this condition, that I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you, thus I will make it a reproach on all Israel.”

NASB 1977
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “I will make it with you on this condition, that I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you, thus I will make it a reproach on all Israel.”

Legacy Standard Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “I will cut it with you on this condition, that I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you, thus I will make it a reproach on all Israel.”

Amplified Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite told them, “I will make a treaty with you on this condition, that I will gouge out the right eye of every one of you, and make it a disgrace upon all Israel.”

Christian Standard Bible
Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I’ll make one with you on this condition: that I gouge out everyone’s right eye and humiliate all Israel.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I’ll make one with you on this condition: that I gouge out everyone’s right eye and humiliate all Israel.”

American Standard Version
And Nahash the Ammonite said unto them, On this condition will I make it with you, that all your right eyes be put out; and I will lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.

Contemporary English Version
Nahash answered, "Sure, I'll sign a treaty! But not before I insult Israel by poking out the right eye of every man who lives in Jabesh."

English Revised Version
And Nahash the Ammonite said unto them, On this condition will I make it with you, that all your right eyes be put out; and I will lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Nahash the Ammonite responded, "I'll make a treaty with you on this one condition: I'll poke out everyone's right eye and bring disgrace on all Israel."

Good News Translation
Nahash answered, "I will make a treaty with you on one condition: I will put out everyone's right eye and so bring disgrace on all Israel."

International Standard Version
Nahash the Ammonite told them, "I'll make a covenant with you on the condition that I gouge out the right eye of every one of you and so bring disgrace on all Israel."

Majority Standard Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you on one condition, that I may put out everyone’s right eye and bring reproach upon all Israel.”

NET Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, "The only way I will make a treaty with you is if you let me gouge out the right eye of every one of you and in so doing humiliate all Israel!"

New Heart English Bible
And Nahash the Ammonite said to them, "On this condition I will make a covenant with you, that all your right eyes are put out; and I will make it a disgrace on all Israel."

Webster's Bible Translation
And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.

World English Bible
Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “On this condition I will make it with you, that all your right eyes be gouged out. I will make this dishonor all Israel.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Nahash the Ammonite says to them, “For this I cut [a covenant] with you, in picking out every right eye of yours—and I have set it [for] a reproach on all Israel.”

Young's Literal Translation
And Nahash the Ammonite saith unto them, 'For this I covenant with you, by picking out to you every right eye -- and I have put it a reproach on all Israel.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And Nahash the Ammonite will say to them, Upon this I will cut out to you in boring out for you every right eye, and I put it a reproach upon all Israel.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Naas the Ammonite answered them: On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may pluck out all your right eyes, and make you a reproach in all Israel.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And Nahash the Ammonite responded to them, “With this will I strike a pact with you: if I may pluck out all your right eyes, and set you as a disgrace against all of Israel.”

New American Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “This is my condition for making a treaty with you: I will gouge out the right eye of every man, and thus bring shame on all Israel.”

New Revised Standard Version
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “On this condition I will make a treaty with you, namely that I gouge out everyone’s right eye, and thus put disgrace upon all Israel.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, On this condition will I make a treaty with you, when you thrust out all your right eyes, that I may make you a reproach upon all Israel.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Nakhash the Ammonite said to them: “In this I shall establish with you a covenant, whenever you have put out, everyone, your right eye, and I shall make it a reproach upon all Israel
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Nahash the Ammonite said unto them: 'On this condition will I make it with you, that all your right eyes be put out; and I will lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Naas the Ammanite said to them, On these terms will I make a covenant with you, that I should put out all your right eyes, and I will lay a reproach upon Israel.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Saul Defeats the Ammonites
1Soon Nahash the Ammonite came up and laid siege to Jabesh-gilead. All the men of Jabesh said to him, “Make a treaty with us, and we will serve you.” 2But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you on one condition, that I may put out everyone’s right eye and bring reproach upon all Israel.” 3“Hold off for seven days,” replied the elders of Jabesh, “and let us send messengers throughout Israel. If there is no one to save us, we will surrender to you.”…

Cross References
Judges 16:21
Then the Philistines seized him, gouged out his eyes, and brought him down to Gaza, where he was bound with bronze shackles and forced to grind grain in the prison.

2 Kings 25:7
And they slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes. Then they put out his eyes, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon.

Zechariah 11:17
Woe to the worthless shepherd, who deserts the flock! May a sword strike his arm and his right eye! May his arm be completely withered and his right eye utterly blinded!”

Amos 1:13
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of the Ammonites, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they ripped open the pregnant women of Gilead in order to enlarge their territory.

Isaiah 7:8
For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin. Within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered as a people.

Jeremiah 39:7
Then he put out Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him with bronze chains to take him to Babylon.

Deuteronomy 28:32-33
Your sons and daughters will be given to another nation, while your eyes grow weary looking for them day after day, with no power in your hand. / A people you do not know will eat the produce of your land and of all your toil. All your days you will be oppressed and crushed.

1 Samuel 8:11-18
He said, “This will be the manner of the king who will reign over you: He will take your sons and appoint them to serve his own chariots and horses, and to run in front of his chariots. / He will appoint some for himself as commanders of thousands and of fifties, and others to plow his ground, to reap his harvest, and to make his weapons of war and equipment for his chariots. / And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers. ...

2 Samuel 10:2
And David said, “I will show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, just as his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent some of his servants to console Hanun concerning his father. But when they arrived in the land of the Ammonites,

1 Kings 20:34
Ben-hadad said to him, “I will restore the cities my father took from your father; you may set up your own marketplaces in Damascus, as my father did in Samaria.” “By this treaty I release you,” Ahab replied. So he made a treaty with him and sent him away.

Matthew 5:29-30
If your right eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. / And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to depart into hell.

Matthew 18:8-9
If your hand or your foot causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life crippled or lame than to have two hands and two feet and be thrown into the eternal fire. / And if your eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into the fire of hell.

Mark 9:43-47
If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, into the unquenchable fire. / where ‘their worm never dies, and the fire is never quenched.’ / If your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell. ...

Luke 14:31-32
Or what king on his way to war with another king will not first sit down and consider whether he can engage with ten thousand men the one coming against him with twenty thousand? / And if he is unable, he will send a delegation while the other king is still far off, to ask for terms of peace.

Acts 9:8-9
Saul got up from the ground, but when he opened his eyes he could not see a thing. So they led him by the hand into Damascus. / For three days he was without sight, and he did not eat or drink anything.


Treasury of Scripture

And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach on all Israel.

On this

2 Kings 18:31
Hearken not to Hezekiah: for thus saith the king of Assyria, Make an agreement with me by a present, and come out to me, and then eat ye every man of his own vine, and every one of his fig tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his cistern:

thrust

Judges 16:21
But the Philistines took him, and put out his eyes, and brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison house.

Exodus 3:6
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.

Proverbs 12:10
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.

reproach

1 Samuel 17:26
And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?

Genesis 34:14
And they said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us:

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Agreement Ammonite Cause Condition Covenant Disgrace Eye Eyes Israel Lay Nahash Reproach Right Shame Thrust Treaty
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Agreement Ammonite Cause Condition Covenant Disgrace Eye Eyes Israel Lay Nahash Reproach Right Shame Thrust Treaty
1 Samuel 11
1. Nahash offers them of Jabesh Gilead a reproachful condition
4. They send messengers, and are delivered by Saul
12. Saul thereby is confirmed, and his kingdom renewed














But Nahash the Ammonite replied
Nahash, whose name means "serpent" in Hebrew, is a fitting representation of the adversarial role he plays against Israel. The Ammonites were descendants of Lot, and their historical enmity with Israel is well-documented. This animosity is rooted in territorial disputes and religious differences, as the Ammonites worshipped gods like Milcom, contrasting with Israel's monotheistic worship of Yahweh. Nahash's response is not just a personal vendetta but a continuation of this deep-seated hostility.

I will make a treaty with you
The concept of a treaty in ancient Near Eastern culture often involved complex negotiations and was a means to establish peace or subjugation. In this context, Nahash's offer of a treaty is deceptive, as it is not a genuine offer of peace but a means to assert dominance and humiliate Israel. The Hebrew word for "treaty" (בְּרִית, berit) often implies a covenant, which in biblical terms is sacred and binding. However, Nahash's proposal perverts this sacred concept for malicious intent.

on one condition
This phrase indicates the conditional nature of Nahash's offer, highlighting the manipulative and coercive tactics often employed by oppressors. It underscores the power imbalance between Nahash and the besieged Israelites. The condition is not a mutual agreement but an ultimatum, reflecting the harsh realities of ancient warfare and diplomacy.

that I gouge out the right eye of every one of you
The act of gouging out the right eye is both a physical and symbolic gesture. In ancient military contexts, the right eye was crucial for soldiers, particularly archers, as it was used for aiming. By proposing to blind the Israelites in this manner, Nahash aims to incapacitate them militarily, ensuring their subjugation. Symbolically, this act represents a profound humiliation and a stripping away of dignity and identity. It is a tactic of psychological warfare, intended to instill fear and submission.

and bring disgrace on all Israel
Disgrace, in the Hebrew context, is a severe social and spiritual condition. The Hebrew word for disgrace (חֶרְפָּה, herpah) implies shame and reproach, affecting not just individuals but the collective identity of Israel. Nahash's intention is not merely to defeat Israel militarily but to tarnish their reputation and standing among the nations. This reflects the broader spiritual battle between the forces of Yahweh and the pagan deities, as Israel's disgrace would imply the failure of their God in the eyes of surrounding nations.

(2) On this condition.--The horrible cruelty of this scornful proposal gives us an insight into the barbarous customs of this imperfectly civilised age. Indeed, many of the crimes we read of in these books--crimes which, to modern ears, justly sound shocking and scarcely credible--are referable to the fact that civilisation and its humanizing influences had made but little way as yet among the nations of the world.

The object of Nahash's cruelty was to incapacitate the inhabitants of Jabesh from ever further assisting his enemies in war; they would henceforth be blinded in the right eye, while the left eye would be concealed by the shield which fighting-men were in the habit of holding before them.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
But Nahash
נָחָשׁ֙ (nā·ḥāš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5176: Nahash -- the name of several non-Israelites

the Ammonite
הָעַמּוֹנִ֔י (hā·‘am·mō·w·nî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5984: Ammonite -- descendants of Ammon

replied,
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“I will make [a treaty]
אֶכְרֹ֣ת (’eḵ·rōṯ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 3772: To cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant

with you
לָכֶ֔ם (lā·ḵem)
Preposition | second person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew

on one [condition],
בְּזֹאת֙ (bə·zōṯ)
Preposition-b | Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

that I may put out
בִּנְק֥וֹר (bin·qō·wr)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 5365: To bore, pick, dig

everyone’s
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

right
יָמִ֑ין (yā·mîn)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 3225: The right hand, side, the south

eye
עֵ֣ין (‘ên)
Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain

and bring
וְשַׂמְתִּ֥יהָ (wə·śam·tî·hā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 7760: Put -- to put, place, set

reproach
חֶרְפָּ֖ה (ḥer·pāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 2781: Contumely, disgrace, the pudenda

upon
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

Israel.”
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc


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OT History: 1 Samuel 11:2 Nahash the Ammonite said to them (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
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