Exodus 12:9
New International Version
Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs.

New Living Translation
Do not eat any of the meat raw or boiled in water. The whole animal—including the head, legs, and internal organs—must be roasted over a fire.

English Standard Version
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts.

Berean Standard Bible
Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire—its head and legs and inner parts.

King James Bible
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

New King James Version
Do not eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted in fire—its head with its legs and its entrails.

New American Standard Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.

NASB 1995
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.

NASB 1977
‘Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.

Legacy Standard Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.

Amplified Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted in fire—both its head and its legs, along with its inner parts.

Christian Standard Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.

American Standard Version
Eat not of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.

Contemporary English Version
Don't eat the meat raw or boiled. The entire animal, including its head, legs, and insides, must be roasted.

English Revised Version
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Don't eat any of it raw or boiled but roast the whole animal over a fire.

Good News Translation
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled, but eat it roasted whole, including the head, the legs, and the internal organs.

International Standard Version
Don't eat any of it raw or boiled in water. Instead, roast it over the fire, with its head, legs, and internal organs.

Majority Standard Bible
Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire—its head and legs and inner parts.

NET Bible
Do not eat it raw or boiled in water, but roast it over the fire with its head, its legs, and its entrails.

New Heart English Bible
Do not eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts.

Webster's Bible Translation
Eat not of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; its head with its legs, and with its entrails.

World English Bible
Don’t eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
you do not eat of it raw, or boiled in water at all, but a roast with fire, its head with its legs, and with its innards;

Young's Literal Translation
ye do not eat of it raw, or boiled at all in water, but roast with fire, its head with its legs, and with its inwards;

Smith's Literal Translation
Ye shall not eat from it raw and boiled from boiling with water, but roasted with fire, its head with its legs with its inner part.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
You shall not eat thereof any thing raw, nor boiled in water, but only roasted at the fire: you shall eat the head with the feet and entrails thereof.

Catholic Public Domain Version
You shall not consume anything from it raw, nor boiled in water, but only roasted by fire. You shall devour the head with its feet and entrails.

New American Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or even boiled in water, but roasted, with its head and shanks and inner organs.

New Revised Standard Version
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted over the fire, with its head, legs, and inner organs.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
You shall not eat any of it raw, nor cooked with water, but roasted with fire; its head with its legs, and the entrails thereof.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
You will not eat from it when living raw, also not by boiling in water, but roasted in fire, and its head, its legs and its insides.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Ye shall not eat of it raw nor sodden in water, but only roast with fire, the head with the feet and the appurtenances.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The First Passover
8They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire— its head and legs and inner parts. 10Do not leave any of it until morning; before the morning you must burn up any part that is left over.…

Cross References
Leviticus 6:30
But no sin offering may be eaten if its blood has been brought into the Tent of Meeting to make atonement in the Holy Place; it must be burned.

Deuteronomy 16:7
And you shall roast it and eat it in the place the LORD your God will choose, and in the morning you shall return to your tents.

2 Chronicles 35:13
They roasted the Passover animals on the fire according to the regulation, and they boiled the other holy offerings in pots, kettles, and bowls and quickly brought them to all the people.

Numbers 9:11-12
Such people are to observe it at twilight on the fourteenth day of the second month. They are to eat the lamb, together with unleavened bread and bitter herbs; / they may not leave any of it until morning or break any of its bones. They must observe the Passover according to all its statutes.

1 Samuel 2:15
Even before the fat was burned, the servant of the priest would come and say to the man who was sacrificing, “Give the priest some meat to roast, because he will not accept boiled meat from you, but only raw.”

Ezekiel 24:5
Take the choicest of the flock and pile the fuel beneath it. Bring it to a boil and cook the bones in it.’

1 Corinthians 5:7-8
Get rid of the old leaven, that you may be a new unleavened batch, as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. / Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the old bread, leavened with malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and of truth.

John 19:36
Now these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of His bones will be broken.”

Leviticus 23:5-6
The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. / On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.

Numbers 28:16-17
The fourteenth day of the first month is the LORD’s Passover. / On the fifteenth day of this month, there shall be a feast; for seven days unleavened bread is to be eaten.

Matthew 26:17-19
On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?” / He answered, “Go into the city to a certain man and tell him that the Teacher says, ‘My time is near. I will keep the Passover with My disciples at your house.’” / So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.

Mark 14:12-16
On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed, Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?” / So He sent two of His disciples and told them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a jug of water will meet you. Follow him, / and whichever house he enters, say to the owner, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is My guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’ ...

Luke 22:7-13
Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed. / Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.” / “Where do You want us to prepare it?” they asked. ...

Hebrews 9:22
According to the law, in fact, nearly everything must be purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.

1 Peter 1:19
but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or spot.


Treasury of Scripture

Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the entrails thereof.

but roast with fire

Exodus 12:8
And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

Deuteronomy 16:7
And thou shalt roast and eat it in the place which the LORD thy God shall choose: and thou shalt turn in the morning, and go unto thy tents.

Lamentations 1:13
From above hath he sent fire into my bones, and it prevaileth against them: he hath spread a net for my feet, he hath turned me back: he hath made me desolate and faint all the day.

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Boiled Boiling Cooked Eat Entrails Fire Head Inner Inside Inwards Legs Meat Oven Parts Rather Raw Roast Roasted Sodden Thereof Uncooked Water
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Boiled Boiling Cooked Eat Entrails Fire Head Inner Inside Inwards Legs Meat Oven Parts Rather Raw Roast Roasted Sodden Thereof Uncooked Water
Exodus 12
1. The beginning of the year is changed
3. The Passover is instituted
11. The import of the rite of the Passover
15. Unleavened bread
29. The firstborn are slain
31. The Israelites are driven out of the land
37. They come to Succoth
41. The time of their sojourning
43. The ordinance of the Passover














Do not eat
This command is direct and authoritative, reflecting the seriousness of the Passover instructions. The Hebrew root for "eat" is "אָכַל" (akal), which is a common verb in the Old Testament, often used in the context of covenant meals. The prohibition against eating the meat in certain ways underscores the sacredness of the Passover meal, setting it apart from ordinary consumption.

any of the meat
The term "meat" here refers specifically to the lamb, which is central to the Passover sacrifice. The Hebrew word "בָּשָׂר" (basar) is used, emphasizing the physicality and tangibility of the sacrifice. This meat is not just sustenance but a symbol of deliverance and divine provision.

raw
The Hebrew word "נָא" (na) is used, which can mean undercooked or raw. Eating raw meat was associated with pagan rituals and practices, which the Israelites were to avoid. This prohibition highlights the distinctiveness of Israel's worship and the importance of following God's specific instructions.

or cooked in boiling water
The phrase indicates a method of preparation that was common in other cultures but not suitable for the Passover lamb. The Hebrew "בָּשַׁל" (bashal) means to boil or cook. This method would not allow the lamb to be fully consumed by fire, which is significant in the context of sacrifice and purification.

but only roasted over the fire
Roasting over fire is a method that symbolizes purification and judgment. The Hebrew "צָלָה" (tsalah) means to roast, and fire is often associated with God's presence and holiness in the Bible. This method of preparation ensures that the lamb is wholly consumed, reflecting the completeness of God's deliverance.

its head and legs and inner parts
The inclusion of the head, legs, and inner parts signifies the totality of the sacrifice. Nothing is to be left out, symbolizing the comprehensive nature of redemption. This instruction also points to the unity and wholeness of the community, as they partake in the entire lamb together, reflecting their shared identity and deliverance as God's people.

(9) His head with his legs . . . --The lamb was to be roasted whole: "not a bone of it was to be broken" (Exodus 12:46). Justin Martyr says that it was prepared for roasting by means of two wooden spits, one perpendicular and the other transverse, which extended it on a sort of cross, and made it aptly typify the Crucified One.

The purtenance thereof.--Heb., its inside. The entrails were taken out, carefully cleansed, and then replaced.

Verse 9. - Eat not of it raw. The injunction appears to moderns superfluous; but an ὠμοφαγία, or eating of the raw flesh of victims sacrificed, seems to have been practised by several heathen nations in ancient times, more especially in the worship of Dionysus or Bacchus. Its head with its legs. The lamb was to be roasted whole - according to some, as a symbol of the unity of Israel, and especially of the political unit which they were to become so soon as they quitted Egypt; but, as we learn from St. John (John 19:36), still more to prefigure the unbroken body of Him whom the lamb especially represented, the true propitiation and atonement and deliverer of His people from the destroyer, our Lord Jesus Christ. The purtenance thereof. Rather, "the intestines thereof." The Jewish commentators say that the intestines were first taken out, washed, and cleansed, after which they were replaced, and the lamb roasted in a sort of oven.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Do not
אַל־ (’al-)
Adverb
Strong's 408: Not

eat
תֹּאכְל֤וּ (tō·ḵə·lū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 398: To eat

any of
מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ (mim·men·nū)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

[the meat] raw
נָ֔א (nā)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 4995: Tough, uncooked

or cooked
מְבֻשָּׁ֖ל (mə·ḇuš·šāl)
Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1310: To boil up, cooking, to ripen

in boiling
וּבָשֵׁ֥ל (ū·ḇā·šêl)
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 1311: Cooked, boiled

water,
בַּמָּ֑יִם (bam·mā·yim)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen

but only
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

roasted
צְלִי־ (ṣə·lî-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6748: Roasted, a roast

over the fire—
אֵ֔שׁ (’êš)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire

its head
רֹאשׁ֥וֹ (rō·šōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7218: The head

and
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

legs
כְּרָעָ֖יו (kə·rā·‘āw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3767: The leg, of men, locusts

and inner parts.
קִרְבּֽוֹ׃ (qir·bōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7130: The nearest part, the center


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