Lexical Summary shulchan: Table Original Word: שֻׁלְחָן Strong's Exhaustive Concordance table From shalach; a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal -- table. see HEBREW shalach NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom an unused word Definition a table NASB Translation each table (1), table (55), tables (12). Brown-Driver-Briggs שֻׁלְחָן71 noun masculineExodus 25:23 table (on form of word compare GFMl.c.; properly (see above) skin or leather mat spread on ground, see also, on early Semitic 'table,' Thes1417 WeSkizzen iv. 157 RSSemitic i. 184; 2nd ed. 201 KennedyEncy. Bib iii. 2991); — absolute ׳שׁ 1 Samuel 20:34 +; construct שֻׁלְחַן 1 Kings 5:7 +; suffix שֻׁלְחָנִי Judges 1:7 +, etc.; plural שֻׁלְחָנוֺת Isaiah 28:8 +, construct שֻׁלְחֲנוֺת 1 Chronicles 28:16 (twice in verse); — 1 table for king's repast Judges 1:7 (with תַּחַת), 1 Samuel 20:29,34; 2 Samuel 9:11 (read דָּוִד ׳שׁ ᵐ5 Th We Dr and modern), 2 Samuel 9:13; 2 Samuel 19:29; 1 Kings 2:7; 1 Kings 5:1; 1 Kings 18:19; 1 Kings 10:5 2Chronicles 9:4, compare Isaiah 21:5 (with עָרַךְ (q. v. 1c) arrange); with עַל 2 Samuel 9:7,10,11; Daniel 11:27; for governor Nehemiah 5:17 (with עַל). 2 for private use 1 Kings 13:20 (with אֶל), Job 36:16; Psalm 23:5 (figurative, with עָרַךְ), compare Psalm 78:19 (id.), Psalm 128:3, also (in bedroom) 2 Kings 4:10; of revellers Isaiah 28:8, compare Psalm 69:23 (figurative), of wisdom (figurative) Proverbs 9:2. 3 especially Ezekiel, P for sacred uses: in tabernacle Exodus 25:23 17t. 25-40, Numbers 3:31, שֻׁלְחַן הַמָּנִים Numbers 4:7 (compare 2 Chronicles 29:18 below); הַטָּהֹר ׳הַשּׁ Leviticus 24:26 (compare 2 Chronicles 13:11 below); in Solomon's temple 1 Kings 7:48; 2Chronicles 29:18, also (10 in number) 2 Chronicles 4:8,19; 13:11, compare 1 Chronicles 28:16 (4 t. in verse), also Ezekiel 23:41 (with עָרַךְ); in Ezekiel's temple Ezekiel 40:39 (twice in verse) + 6 t. Ezekiel 40 (8 in number), Ezekiel 40:42 (of stone, 4 in number); like altar Ezekiel 41:22, = altar of burnt-offering Ezekiel 44:16; in second temple, ׳שֻׁלְחַן י Malachi 1:7, אֲדֹנָֻ ׳שׁ Malachi 1:12; for idolatrous meal Isaiah 65:11; figurative of ׳י's sacrificial feast Ezekiel 39:20 (eschatological). Topical Lexicon Overview שֻׁלְחָן (shulchan) denotes a table—an article of furniture on which food is set, offerings are arranged, writing is done, or legal contracts are sealed. Across its roughly seventy-one appearances, the word gathers rich theological meaning: fellowship with God and man, covenantal provision, royal favor, and, when misused, defilement and judgment. Physical Characteristics and Cultural Setting Ancient Near-Eastern tables were usually low, fashioned of wood or metal, and accompanied by cushions rather than chairs. Exodus 25:23-30 records the tabernacle table as acacia wood overlaid with pure gold, two cubits long, a cubit wide, one and a half cubits high, ringed by a gold molding and carried on poles—an object simultaneously functional and sacred. Domestic tables (Judges 1:7; 1 Samuel 20:24) were less ornate, yet still central to hospitality and social hierarchy. Liturgical Centrality in Tabernacle and Temple 1. The Table of the Bread of the Presence: Exodus 25:30 commands, “And set the Bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times.” Twelve loaves testified weekly that Israel lived continually before Yahweh’s face. Domestic and Royal Associations Tables embodied covenant kindness. David told Jonathan’s son, “You will always eat at my table” (2 Samuel 9:7), turning personal hospitality into a living pledge. Royal diets (1 Kings 4:22-23; Nehemiah 5:17) displayed the prosperity of righteous leadership, while Daniel 1:5-16 contrasts the Babylonian king’s table with fidelity to God-given food laws. Symbol of Fellowship, Provision, and Joy Psalm 23:5 extols divine generosity: “You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies.” Wisdom personified “has set her table” (Proverbs 9:2), inviting hearers to life. Every honest table thus mirrors the Creator’s sustaining grace. Instrument of Warning and Judgment Tables turn to snares for the unrepentant: “May their table become a snare” (Psalm 69:22). Priests who offered blemished sacrifices declared, “The table of the LORD is defiled” (Malachi 1:12), inviting covenant curses. Isaiah 65:11 rebukes those who “set a table for Fortune,” exposing idolatrous feasts as treachery against the covenant. Prophetic and Eschatological Dimensions Ezekiel 41:22 speaks of “the table that is before the LORD,” merging altar and table imagery and foreshadowing a harmonious future worship. Messianic banquet scenes (cf. Isaiah 25:6, though without שֻׁלְחָן) echo the same hope: God will host His redeemed at an eternal table of victory. Contrast with Tables of Idols By pairing “the table of the LORD” with “tables of demons” (1 Corinthians 10:21) the New Testament draws a sharp line that Moses, the prophets, and Malachi already traced. Faithful Israel was to eat only in covenant fellowship; apostasy redefined tables as loci of judgment. Ministry Implications 1. Worship: Corporate gatherings revolve around the Lord’s Table, a new-covenant fulfillment of the Bread of the Presence. Key Passages for Personal Study Exodus 25:23-30; Exodus 40:22; Leviticus 24:6-9; Numbers 4:7; 2 Samuel 9:7-13; 1 Kings 7:48; 2 Chronicles 4:8; Nehemiah 5:17; Psalm 23:5; Psalm 69:22; Proverbs 9:2; Isaiah 65:11; Ezekiel 41:22; Ezekiel 44:16; Malachi 1:7-12; Daniel 1:5-16. Summary שֻׁלְחָן moves from the wilderness tabernacle to the royal palace, from prophetic indictment to eschatological promise. Whether holding consecrated bread, a king’s provision, or daily fare, every faithful table witnesses that God graciously invites His people into covenant fellowship, yet He also judges those who treat His provision with contempt. Forms and Transliterations הַשֻּׁלְחָ֑ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֔ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֖ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֗ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֛ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֣ן הַשֻּׁלְחָ֥ן הַשֻּׁלְחָֽן׃ הַשֻּׁלְחָן֙ הַשֻּׁלְחָנ֔וֹת הַשֻּׁלְחָנ֖וֹת השלחן השלחן׃ השלחנות וְהַ֨שֻּׁלְחָ֔ן וְהַשֻּׁלְחָן֙ וְשֻׁלְחָ֑ן וְשֻׁלְחָ֖ן וְשֻׁלְחָ֥ן והשלחן ושלחן לְשֻׁלְחֲנ֥וֹת לְשֻׁלְחַ֣ן לְשֻׁלְחָנֶֽךָ׃ לחן לחנך לשלחן לשלחנות לשלחנך׃ שֻׁ֝לְחָ֗ן שֻׁ֝לְחָנְךָ֗ שֻׁלְחַ֖ן שֻׁלְחַ֣ן שֻׁלְחַ֤ן שֻׁלְחַ֥ן שֻׁלְחָ֔ן שֻׁלְחָ֖ן שֻׁלְחָ֗ן שֻׁלְחָ֥ן שֻׁלְחָנ֑וֹת שֻׁלְחָנ֔וֹת שֻׁלְחָנ֖וֹת שֻׁלְחָנ֛וֹת שֻׁלְחָנ֜וֹת שֻׁלְחָנ֡וֹ שֻׁלְחָנ֨וֹת שֻׁלְחָנִ֑י שֻׁלְחָנִ֔י שֻׁלְחָנִ֖י שֻׁלְחָנִֽי׃ שֻׁלְחָנִי֙ שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָ שֻׁלְחָנָ֣ם שֻׁלְחָנָֽהּ׃ שֻׁלְחָנֽוֹת׃ שֻׁלְחָנוֹת֙ שֻׁלְחָנוֹת֮ שלחן שלחנה׃ שלחנו שלחנות שלחנות׃ שלחני שלחני׃ שלחנך שלחנם haš·šul·ḥā·nō·wṯ haš·šul·ḥān hashshulChan hashshulchaNot haššulḥān haššulḥānōwṯ lə·ḥā·nə·ḵā lə·ḥān lə·šul·ḥā·ne·ḵā lə·šul·ḥă·nō·wṯ lə·šul·ḥan leChan lechaneCha ləḥān ləḥānəḵā leshulChan leshulchaNecha leshulchaNot ləšulḥan ləšulḥāneḵā ləšulḥănōwṯ shulChan shulchaNah shulchaNam shulchaNecha shulchaNi shulchaNo shulchanOt šul·ḥā·nāh šul·ḥā·nām šul·ḥā·ne·ḵā šul·ḥā·nî šul·ḥā·nō·wṯ šul·ḥā·nōw šul·ḥan šul·ḥān šulḥan šulḥān šulḥānāh šulḥānām šulḥāneḵā šulḥānî šulḥānōw šulḥānōwṯ veHashshulChan veshulChan wə·haš·šul·ḥān wə·šul·ḥān wəhaššulḥān wəšulḥānLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Exodus 25:23 HEB: וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ שֻׁלְחָ֖ן עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים NAS: You shall make a table of acacia KJV: Thou shalt also make a table [of] shittim INT: shall make A table wood of acacia Exodus 25:27 Exodus 25:28 Exodus 25:30 Exodus 26:35 Exodus 26:35 Exodus 26:35 Exodus 30:27 Exodus 31:8 Exodus 35:13 Exodus 37:10 Exodus 37:14 Exodus 37:15 Exodus 37:16 Exodus 39:36 Exodus 40:4 Exodus 40:22 Exodus 40:24 Leviticus 24:6 Numbers 3:31 Numbers 4:7 Judges 1:7 1 Samuel 20:29 1 Samuel 20:34 2 Samuel 9:7 71 Occurrences |
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